人格特征对驾驶人驾驶行为的影响研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.02.1266

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解驾驶人不安全驾驶行为背后的人格特征影响因素,回顾自2000年以来国内外人格特征与驾驶行为关系的相关研究,采用系统评价和Meta分析的优先报告项目(PRISMA)标准在国内外知名数据库检索到17 688篇文献,剔除重复文献3 160篇、不相关文献14 263篇、非优秀文献198篇,最终将67篇优秀文献纳入研究,归纳并梳理文献中不同人格特征与不安全驾驶行为的关系。结果表明:大五人格的5个人格维度与驾驶行为的关系研究结果均存在不一致;感觉寻求和冲动性各自均为不安全驾驶行为的优秀预测因子,但相较之下后者的预测能力更强;驾驶愤怒对不安全驾驶行为的直接预测能力不强;无规范感、特质焦虑、利他及自恋对均不安全驾驶行为有不同程度的影响,但相关研究较少;依恋、特质情商、集体主义和异常人格特质等人格特征受关注较少,需要更多检验;中国人样本的一些研究结果与多数研究结果存在不一致,需开展跨文化研究。

关键词: 人格特征, 驾驶人, 驾驶行为, 大五人格, 感觉寻求, 驾驶愤怒

Abstract:

In order to understand the influences of personality traits behind drivers' unsafe driving behavior, relevant studies on the relationship between personality traits and driving behavior at home and abroad since 2000 were reviewed. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA) standard, 17 688 articles were retrieved from well-known domestic and foreign databases. After removing 3 160 duplicate articles, 14 263 irrelevant articles and 198 non-excellent articles, 67 excellent articles were finally included in this study. The relationships between different personality traits and unsafe driving behavior in these articles were summarized and sorted out. The results show that the five personality dimensions of the Big Five personality have different relationships with driving behavior. While sensation-seeking and impulsivity are both strong predictors of unsafe driving behavior, the latter has a stronger predictive ability. The direct predictive ability of driving anger on unsafe driving behavior is not strong. Additionally, factors such as normlessness, trait anxiety, altruism and narcissism have influence on unsafe driving behavior, although there is limited research on these. Furthermore, attachment, trait emotional intelligence, collectivism and abnormal personality traits need more tests. Some research results from Chinese samples diverge from the broader body of research, suggesting a need for cross-cultural studies.

Key words: personality traits, driver, driving behavior, big five personality, sensation-seeking, driving anger

中图分类号:

X951交通运输安全

牛玥铧, 聂百胜. 人格特征对驾驶人驾驶行为的影响研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(2): 117-123.

NIU Yuehua, NIE Baisheng. Study on influence of personality traits on drivers' driving behavior[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(2): 117-123.

图/表 2

参考文献 50

[1]	PSARIANOS B, CHOUEIRI E, LAMM R. A practical safety approach to highway geometric design-international case studies: Germany, Greece, Lebanon, and United States[C]. International Symposium on Highway Geometric Design Practices, 1995: 26-31.
[2]	MIYAJI M, DANNO M, OGURI K. Analysis of driver behavior based on traffic incidents for driver monitor systems[C]. World Congress on Mntelligent Transport Systems, 2008: 930-935.
[3]	TREAT J R, TUMBAS N S, MCDONALD S T, et al. Tri-level study of the causes of traffic accidents: final report: executive summary[R]. NHTSA,1979.
[4]	黄希庭. 人格研究中的一些辩证关系[J]. 西南大学学报:社会科学版, 2011, 37(1):1-7,189.
	HUANG Xiting. Dialectical relations in personality research[J]. Journal of Southwest University:Social Sciences Edition, 2011, 37(1):1-7,189.
[5]	刘玲莉, 田东东, 王子越. 私家车驾驶员驾驶行为与人格特质的关系研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(1): 13-18. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.01.003
	LIU Lingli, TIAN Dongdong, WANG Ziyue. Study on relationships between driving behavior of private car drivers and their personality traits[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2019, 29(1): 13-18. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.01.003
[6]	SÂRBESCU P, MARICUŢOIU L. Are you a "bad driver" all the time? insights from a weekly diary study on personality and dangerous driving behavior[J]. Journal of Research in Personality, 2019, 80: 30-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2019.04.003
[7]	BARAN P, ZIELINSKI P, DZIUDA L. Personality and temperament traits as predictors of conscious risky car driving[J]. Safety Science, 2021, 142: DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105361.
[8]	HUBICKA B, KALLMEN H, HILTUNEN A, et al. Personality traits and mental health of severe drunk drivers in Sweden[J]. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2010, 45(7): 723-731. doi: 10.1007/s00127-009-0111-8 pmid: 19730762
[9]	ABELE L, HAUSTEIN S, MOLLER M, et al. Links between observed and self-reported driving anger, observed and self-reported aggressive driving, and personality traits[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2020, 140: DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2020.105516.
[10]	SHEN Biying, QU Weina, GE Yan, et al. The relationship between personalities and self-report positive driving behavior in a Chinese sample[J]. Plos One, 2018, 13(1): DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0190746.
[11]	SWEEN M, CESCHI A, TOMMASI F, et al. Who is a distracted driver? associations between mobile phone use while driving, domain-specific risk taking, and personality[J]. Risk Analysis, 2017, 37(11): 2119-2131. doi: 10.1111/risa.12773 pmid: 28230266
[12]	JOVANOVIC D, LIPOVAC K, STANOJEVIC P, et al. The effects of personality traits on driving-related anger and aggressive behaviour in traffic among Serbian drivers[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2011, 14(1): 43-53. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2010.09.005
[13]	MILES D E, JOHNSON G L. Aggressive driving behaviors: are there psychological and attitudinal predictors?[J]. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior, 2003, 6(2): 147-161. doi: 10.1016/S1369-8478(03)00022-6
[14]	PARR M N, ROSS L A, MCMANUS B, et al. Differential impact of personality traits on distracted driving behaviors in teens and older adults[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2016, 92: 107-112. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.03.011
[15]	BRAITMAN K A, BRAITMAN A L. Patterns of distracted driving behaviors among young adult drivers: exploring relationships with personality variables[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2017, 46: 169-176. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2017.01.015
[16]	DAHLEN E R, WHITE R P. The Big Five factors, sensation seeking, and driving anger in the prediction of unsafe driving[J]. Personality and Individual Differences, 2006, 41(5): 903-915. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.016
[17]	MONTEIRO R P, DE HOLANDA COELHO G L, HANEL P H P, et al. Personality, dangerous driving, and involvement in accidents:testing a contextual mediated model[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2018, 58: 106-114. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2018.06.009
[18]	NAN Jiang, YUE Chen, NAN JIANG, et al. Big-five personality factors affecting driving behaviors[C]. 2011 2^nd IEEE International Conference on Emergency Management and Management Sciences, 2011: 500-505.
[19]	QU Weina, GE Yan, XIONG Yuexin, et al. Dangerous driving in a Chinese sample: associations with morningness-eveningness preference and personality[J]. Plos One, 2015, 10(1): DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0116717.
[20]	FERNANDES R, JOB R, HATFIELD J. A challenge to the assumed generalizability of prediction and countermeasure for risky driving: different factors predict different risky driving behaviors[J]. Journal of Safety Research, 2007, 38(1): 59-70. pmid: 17275028
[21]	HERZBERG P Y. Beyond "accident-proneness": using five-factor model prototypes to predict driving behavior[J]. Journal of Research in Personality, 2009, 43(6): 1096-1100. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.08.008
[22]	RIENDEAU J, STINCHCOMBE A, WEAVER B, et al. Personality factors are associated with simulated driving outcomes across the driving lifespan[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2018, 54: 171-187. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2018.01.022
[23]	IVERSEN H, RUNDMO T. Personality, risky driving and accident involvement among Norwegian drivers[J]. Personality and Individual Differences, 2002, 33(8): 1251-1263. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00010-7
[24]	AL-TIT A A. The impact of drivers' personality traits on their risky driving behaviors[J]. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 2020, 30(4): 498-509. doi: 10.1080/10911359.2019.1700866
[25]	DELHOMME P, CHAURAND N, PARAN F. Personality predictors of speeding in young drivers: anger vs. sensation seeking[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2012, 15(6): 654-666. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2012.06.006
[26]	TAY R, CHAMPNESS P, WATSON B. Personality and speeding: some policy implications[J]. IATSS Research, 2003, 27(1): 68-74. doi: 10.1016/S0386-1112(14)60060-1
[27]	YANG Jiaoyan, DU Feng, QU Weina, et al. Effects of personality on risky driving behavior and accident involvement for Chinese drivers[J]. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2013, 14(6): 565-571. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2012.748903 pmid: 23859184
[28]	KONG Jun, ZHANG Kan, CHEN Xuefeng. Personality and attitudes as predictors of risky driving behavior: evidence from Beijing drivers[C]. International Conference on Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management, 2013: 38-44.
[29]	STARKEY N J, ISLER R B. The role of executive function, personality and attitudes to risks in explaining self-reported driving behaviour in adolescent and adult male drivers[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2016, 38: 127-136. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2016.01.013
[30]	OWSLEY C, MCGWIN G, J R, MCNEAL S F. Impact of impulsiveness, venturesomeness, and empathy on driving by older adults[J]. Journal of Safety Research, 2003, 34(4): 353-359. pmid: 14636657
[31]	BACHOO S, BHAGWANJEE A, GOVENDER K. The influence of anger, impulsivity, sensation seeking and driver attitudes on risky driving behaviour among post-graduate university students in Durban, South Africa[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2013, 55: 67-76. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.021
[32]	TRELOAR H R, MORRIS D H, PEDERSEN S L, et al. Direct and indirect effects of impulsivity traits on drinking and driving in young adults[J]. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 2012, 73(5): 794-803. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2012.73.794
[33]	CYDERS M A, SMITH G T, SPILLANE N S, et al. Integration of impulsivity and positive mood to predict risky behavior: development and validation of a measure of positive urgency[J]. Psychological Assessment, 2007, 19(1): 107-118. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.19.1.107 pmid: 17371126
[34]	PEARSON M R, MURPHY E M, DOANE A N. Impulsivity-like traits and risky driving behaviors among college students[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2013, 53: 142-148. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.01.009
[35]	CORDELIER N, BERGERON J, GAGNON J. The influence of the frequency of cannabis use and of the five impulsivity traits on risky driving behaviors among young drivers[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2021, 77: 312-319. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2021.01.002
[36]	GAIANU P-A, GIOSAN C, SARBESCU P. From trait anger to aggressive violations in road traffic[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2020, 70: 15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2020.02.006
[37]	STEPHENS A N, SULLMAN M J M. Trait predictors of aggression and crash-related behaviors across drivers from the United Kingdom and the Irish Republic[J]. Risk Analysis, 2015, 35(9): 1730-1745. doi: 10.1111/risa.12379 pmid: 25809573
[38]	BEN-ARI O T, KAPLAN S, LOTAN T, et al. The combined contribution of personality, family traits, and reckless driving intentions to young men's risky driving: what role does anger play?[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2016, 42: 299-306. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2015.10.025
[39]	LUCIDI F, MALLIA L, LAZURAS L, et al. Personality and attitudes as predictors of risky driving among older drivers[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2014, 72: 318-324. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.07.022
[40]	BEAVER K M, AL-GHAMDI M S, KOBEISY A N. Association of environmental risk factors and personality traits with risky driving behaviors in a sample of young adults from Saudi Arabia[J]. International quarterly of community health education, 2021, 43(1): DOI:10.1177/0272684X211004953.
[41]	LEMARIE L, BELLAVANCE F, CHEBAT J-C. Regulatory focus, time perspective, locus of control and sensation seeking as predictors of risky driving behaviors[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2019, 127: 19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.02.025
[42]	SHEN Biying, GE Yan, QU Weina, et al. The different effects of personality on prosocial and aggressive driving behaviour in a Chinese sample[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2018, 56: 268-279. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2018.04.019
[43]	MACHIN M A, SANKEY K S. Relationships between young drivers' personality characteristics, risk perceptions, and driving behaviour[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2008, 40(2): 541-547. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.08.010
[44]	GREAVES S P, ELLISON A B. Personality, risk aversion and speeding: an empirical investigation[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2011, 43(5): 1828-1836. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.04.018
[45]	EDWARDS B D, WARREN C R, TUBRE T C, et al. The Validity of narcissism and driving anger in predicting aggressive driving in a sample of young drivers[J]. Human Performance, 2013, 26(3): 191-210. doi: 10.1080/08959285.2013.795961
[46]	安志浩, 李晓晨, 常若松, 等. 隐性自恋对驾驶员攻击行为的影响[J]. 心理技术与应用, 2021, 9(2): 109-115.
	AN Zhihao, LI Xiaochen, CHANG Ruosong, et al. The influence of covert narcissism on aggressive driving behavior[J]. Psychology: Techniques and Application, 2021, 9(2): 109-115.
[47]	GILLATH O, CANTERBERRY M, ATCHLEY P. Attachment as a predictor of driving performance[J]. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2017, 45: 208-217. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2016.12.010
[48]	SMORTI M, ANDREI F, TROMBINI E. Trait emotional intelligence, personality traits and social desirability in dangerous driving[J]. Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2018, 58: 115-222. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2018.06.012
[49]	王秋鸿, 常诗晴, 谢晓非. 驾如其人:为什么我们会不友善驾驶?[J]. 北京大学学报:自然科学版, 2013, 49(5): 921-927.
	WANG Qiuhong, CHANG Shiqing, XIE Xiaofei. A man drives as he lives: why inconsiderate driving happens?[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2013, 49(5): 921-927.
[50]	BEANLAND V, SELLBOM M, JOHNSON A K. Personality domains and traits that predict self-reported aberrant driving behaviours in a southeastern US university sample[J]. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2014, 72: 184-192. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.06.023

研究阶段	文献质量评价指标
研究设计	研究意义、背景、目标明确陈述
研究设计	研究问题明确陈述
研究设计	研究/测量方法及步骤科学、合理
研究过程	明确说明被试样本信息
研究阶段	文献质量评价指标
研究过程	数据采集过程合理、明确
研究过程	统计数据呈现清晰
研究过程	统计分析方法恰当、充分
研究结论	全面解释统计分析结果
研究结论	研究结论全面充分地讨论
研究结论	具有不足及展望