规避效应下中央分隔设施对道路空间路权的影响

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.12.0209

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为寻求最佳的中央分隔设施布设方式,通过驾驶仿真建立中国常见的4种中分带形式,提取轨迹、速度相关数据;以道路空间路权中的横向路权为基础,选取道路利用率为指标,分析实际路权与名义路权的差异特性。结果表明:不同高度设施下的驾驶人轨迹整体波动范围具有显著性差异。由规避效应所触发的向右偏移中,弹性交通柱场景R₅下的轨迹偏移达到最大,其次是交通隔离栏R₇、突起路标R₂,均大于未设置设施的双黄线场景R₁;虽然设施的增设触发驾驶人的规避效应,但一定程度的横向偏移可以提高道路利用率,最高可提升11.15%,出现在R₅中;同时,设施的设置抑制驾驶人的行车速度,可实现交通安全与交通设计的双向提高;最终计算得出,满足最大限度名义路权利用率的中分带宽度为0.844 m,设施高度为138.62 cm。

关键词: 规避效应, 中央分隔设施, 空间路权, 设施高度, 驾驶行为

Abstract:

In order to seek the best way of laying median strip facilities, four typical forms of median strips in China were established through driving simulation, and trajectory and speed-related data were extracted. Based on the horizontal right of way in the road spatial right of way, the road utilisation rate was selected as an indicator to analyse the difference characteristics between the actual right of way and the nominal right of way. The results show that the overall range of fluctuations in driver trajectories at different height facilities is significantly different. Among the rightward offsets triggered by the shy away effect, the trajectory offset reaches the maximum in the reboundable traffic cylinders scenario R₅, followed by the traffic separate railings R₇ and raised pavement markers R₂, which are larger than that of the double yellow line scenario R₁ without the facility. While adding facilities triggers a shy away effect in drivers, a certain degree of lateral offset can improve road utilisation rate, up to 11.15%, which was found in R₅. At the same time, the installation of the facility inhibits the speed of drivers, achieving a two-way improvement in traffic safety and traffic design. Finally, the width of the median strip to satisfy the maximum nominal right-of-way utilisation was calculated to be 0.844 m and the facility's height to be 138.62 cm.

Key words: shy away effect, median strip facility, spatial right of way, facility height, driving behaviour

中图分类号:

陈莹, 杜志刚. 规避效应下中央分隔设施对道路空间路权的影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(12): 195-202.

CHEN Ying, DU Zhigang. Impact of median strip facilities on spatial right of way of roads under shy away effects[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(12): 195-202.

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参考文献 17

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路侧设施种类	编号	道路参数	设施参数
双黄线	R₁	双向六车道,车道宽3.5 m,长 500 m, 坡度0°。限制速度 50 km/h	宽0.15 m,两标线中间间隔 0.2 m
突起路标	R₂		高25mm,间隔8 m布设一处,直径0.15m,搭配双黄线
弹性交通柱	R₃		高60 cm,柱体直径0.22 m,间隔2m,搭配双黄线
	R₄		高75 cm,柱体直径0.22 m,间隔2m,搭配双黄线
	R₅		高90 cm,柱体直径0.22 m,间隔2m,搭配双黄线
交通隔离栏	R₆		高1.1 m,底座宽0.38 m,搭配双黄线
	R₇		高1.2 m,底座宽0.38 m,搭配双黄线
	R₈		高1.3 m,底座宽0.38 m,搭配双黄线

显著性		R₃	R₄	R₅
轨迹	R₃	—	0.201	0.044^*
轨迹	R₄	0.201	—	0.453
速度	R₃	—	0.507	0.308
速度	R₄	0.507	—	0.721

分位数	场景	R₁	R₂	R₅	R₇
所有数据	R₁	—	0.537	0.000^*	0.000^*
	R₂	0.537	—	0.000^*	0.000^*
	R₅	0.000^*	0.000^*	—	0.000^*
5^th	R₁	—	0.001^*	0.000^*	0.104
	R₂	0.001^*	—	0.000^*	0.000^*
	R₅	0.000^*	0.000^*	—	0.009^*
95^th	R₁	—	0.149	0.000^*	0.023^*
	R₂	0.149	—	0.000^*	0.399
	R₅	0.000^*	0.000^*	—	0.004^*
50^th	R₁	—	0.787	0.000^*	0.002^*
	R₂	0.787	—	0.000^*	0.005^*
	R₅	0.000^*	0.000^*	—	0.003^*

分位数	场景	R₁	R₂	R₅	R₇
所有数据	R₁	—	0.000^*	0.000^*	0.000^*
	R₂	0.000^*	—	0.000^*	0.000^*
	R₅	0.000^*	0.000^*	—	0.000^*
50^th	R₁	—	0.000^*	0.000^*	0.000^*
	R₂	0.000^*	—	0.033^*	0.823
	R₅	0.000^*	0.033^*	—	0.056

场景	R₁	R₂	R₅	R₇
相关性	0.164^**	0.045^**	-0.108^**	0.358^**
显著性	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000