基于组合赋权和SPA-TOPSIS的煤矿安全投入决策模型

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.08.1755

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决煤矿安全投入结构和决策方案不合理的问题,首先基于安全价值的视角,考虑安全功能与安全产出关系,选取8个评价指标,构建煤炭企业安全投入评价体系;其次采用熵权法与层次分析法(AHP),综合确定指标权重;最后采用集对分析(SPA)理论改进逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS),建立决策模型,用以分析评价某煤矿2012—2022年的决策方案,优选评价方案,并针对实际问题提出改善意见。研究表明:该煤矿企业应更注重安全教育和工业卫生指标的投入;煤矿企业在安全投入决策时应综合考虑安全功能需要与安全产出效益,借鉴最佳投入配置,合理调整未来安全投入决策重点。

关键词: 组合赋权, 集对分析(SPA), 逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS), 安全投入, 决策模型

Abstract:

In order to solve the unreasonable problem of coal mine safety investment structure and decision scheme, the safety investment evaluation system was established to comprehensively evaluate the decision scheme of a coal mine over the years. Firstly, based on the perspective of safety value, considering the relationship between safety function and safety output, eight evaluation indexes were selected to construct the safety investment evaluation system of coal enterprises. Secondly, entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were used to determine the index weight comprehensively. Finally, the SPA-TOPSIS method was used to analyze and evaluate the 2012-2022 decision scheme of a coal mine, and the evaluation scheme was optimized and the improvement suggestions for practical problems were proposed. The results show that the coal mine enterprises should pay more attention to the investment in safety education and industrial health indicators. Coal mine enterprises should comprehensively consider the safety function needs and safety output benefits when making safety investment decisions and reasonably adjust the focus of future safety investment decision by referring to the optimal investment allocation.

Key words: combination empowerment, set pair analysis (SPA), technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), safety investment, decision model

中图分类号:

X915.4安全经济学

姜福川, 杨浩, 王昊, 金凤春, 安泽文. 基于组合赋权和SPA-TOPSIS的煤矿安全投入决策模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(8): 86-92.

JIANG Fuchuan, YANG Hao, WANG Hao, JIN Fengchun, AN Zewen. Coal mine safety investment decision model based on combination empowerment and SPA-TOPSIS[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(8): 86-92.

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年份	安全教育/ 万元	安全技术/ 万元	安全管理/ 万元	工业卫生/ 万元	煤炭年产量/万t	事故经济损失/万元	百万吨事故率/%	百万吨死亡率/%
2012	349.0	739.4	416.5	465.4	140	285.3	3.01	0.077
2013	295.0	464.1	398.1	349.0	157	266.4	2.12	0.100
2014	286.4	349.7	386.2	327.6	143	316.5	2.21	0.136
2015	315.3	535.6	422.5	367.4	145	352.3	4.24	0.102
2016	354.6	445.2	436.0	427.0	130	275.2	2.22	0.147
2017	296.4	523.3	369.3	394.0	142	223.4	3.21	0.120
2018	273.5	436.7	385.4	385.3	120	324.0	2.12	0.172
2019	286.7	398.0	365.9	369.1	100	213.0	2.03	0.005
2020	328.8	489.0	375.4	326.4	110	384.4	2.01	0.102
2021	404.7	314.8	397.2	382.2	125	303.0	2.07	0.104
2022	302.5	391.3	404.8	406.4	130	251.0	2.08	0.006

年份	安全教育	安全技术	安全管理	工业卫生	煤炭年产量	事故经济损失	百万吨事故率	百万吨死亡率
2012	0.102	0.036	0.156	0.062	0.262	0.098	0.050	0.008
2013	0.121	0.058	0.163	0.083	0.294	0.105	0.071	0.006
2014	0.124	0.077	0.168	0.089	0.267	0.088	0.068	0.005
2015	0.113	0.050	0.153	0.079	0.271	0.079	0.036	0.006
2016	0.100	0.060	0.149	0.068	0.243	0.101	0.068	0.004
2017	0.120	0.051	0.175	0.074	0.266	0.125	0.047	0.005
2018	0.130	0.061	0.168	0.075	0.224	0.086	0.071	0.004
2019	0.124	0.067	0.177	0.079	0.187	0.131	0.074	0.126
2020	0.108	0.055	0.173	0.089	0.206	0.073	0.075	0.006
2021	0.088	0.085	0.163	0.076	0.234	0.092	0.073	0.006
2022	0.118	0.068	0.160	0.071	0.243	0.111	0.072	0.105

年份	加权SPA-TOPSIS				传统TOPSIS
年份	与Y⁺的加权联系度表达式	与Y^-的加权联系度表达式	与Y⁺贴近度	排序	与Y⁺贴近度	排序
2012	0.531+0.279k+0.189l	0.786+0.213k+0l	0.343	10	0.358	7
2013	0.748+0.251k+0l	0.616+0.259k+0.124l	0.574	3	0.492	3
2014	0.746+0.253k+0l	0.734+0.265k+0l	0.511	4	0.440	4
2015	0.605+0.316k+0.078l	0.805+0.194k+0l	0.349	9	0.375	6
2016	0.518+0.299k+0.182l	0.808+0.191k+0l	0.313	11	0.336	9
2017	0.728+0.271k+0l	0.731+0.268k+0l	0.498	5	0.434	5
2018	0.696+0.136k+0.167l	0.736+0.159k+0.104l	0.466	7	0.313	10
2019	0.918+0.081k+0l	0.515+0.162k+0.504l	0.862	1	0.577	2
2020	0.680+0.319k+0l	0.667+0.155k+0.177l	0.474	6	0.267	11
2021	0.634+0.261k+0.104l	0.712+0.197k+0.090l	0.439	8	0.355	8
2022	0.859+0.140k+0l	0.621+0.378k+0l	0.729	2	0.663	1

年份	投入比例
年份	安全教育	安全技术	安全管理	工业卫生
2012	0.177	0.375	0.211	0.236
2013	0.196	0.308	0.264	0.232
2014	0.212	0.259	0.286	0.243
2015	0.192	0.326	0.257	0.224
2016	0.213	0.268	0.262	0.257
2017	0.187	0.331	0.233	0.249
2018	0.185	0.295	0.260	0.260
2019	0.202	0.280	0.258	0.260
2020	0.216	0.322	0.247	0.215
2021	0.210	0.290	0.275	0.292
2022	0.201	0.260	0.269	0.270