热、电老化及阻燃处理对绝缘油闪点和击穿电压的影响

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.S1.0012

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (S1): 75-80.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.S1.0012

热、电老化及阻燃处理对绝缘油闪点和击穿电压的影响

祝兴华¹^,²(), 马翔³, 袁博¹^,², 张怡¹^,²^,^**(), 赵乘寿³

¹ 应急管理部四川消防研究所, 四川成都 610036
² 应急管理部四川消防研究所司法鉴定中心, 四川成都 610036
³ 西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院, 四川成都 611756

收稿日期:2026-02-05 修回日期:2026-04-06 出版日期:2026-06-30
通信作者:
** 张怡(1987—),男,重庆人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事火灾调查、火灾物证鉴定、新能源火灾防控与阻燃材料方面的工作。E-mail:chemzhang0601@126.com。
作者简介:
祝兴华 (1978—),女,四川南部人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事火灾调查、火灾物证鉴定、材料火安全方面的研究。E-mail:305817045@qq.com。
袁博助理研究员
赵乘寿教授
基金资助:
应急管理部四川消防研究所基本科研业务费专项项目(20248806Z); 国家消防救援局科技计划项目(2024XFZD03)

Effects of thermal-electrical aging and flame retardance on flash point and breakdown voltage of insulating oil

Zhu Xinghua¹^,²(), Ma Xiang³, Yuan Bo¹^,², Zhang Yi¹^,²^,^**(), Zhao Chengshou³

¹ Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management, Chengdu Sichuan 610036, China
² Judicial Identification Center, Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management, Chengdu Sichuan 610036, China
³ Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu Sichuan 611756, China

Received:2026-02-05 Revised:2026-04-06 Published:2026-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决变压器绝缘油因老化导致的火灾风险增加的问题,以商业化的矿物绝缘油为研究对象,开展加速热老化和击穿放电老化试验,测试不同老化程度的绝缘油闪点及击穿电压。结果表明:击穿电压受老化影响更为显著,而闪点下降幅度不大。阻燃剂能够提高绝缘油的闪点及击穿电压,经40天的热老化后,阻燃绝缘油的击穿电压变化不大,始终保持50.0 kV以上,但阻燃绝缘油闪点低于未改性绝缘油;在40次连续的击穿放电老化后,阻燃绝缘油的闪点和击穿电压会略有上升。

关键词: 矿物绝缘油, 老化, 闪点, 击穿电压, 阻燃

Abstract:

In response to the increased fire risk caused by the aging of transformer insulating oil, the commercially available mineral insulating oil was selected as the research subject. Accelerated thermal aging and breakdown discharge aging tests were carried out to measure the flash points and breakdown voltages of insulating oils at different aging degrees. The results show that the breakdown voltage is affected more significantly by aging, while the flash point undergoes a relatively minor decline. The flame retardant can increase the flash point and breakdown voltage of insulating oil. After 40 days of thermal aging, the breakdown voltage of the flame-retardant insulating oil hardly changes, remaining above 50.0 kV. However, the flash point of the flame-retardant insulating oil is lower than that of the unmodified insulating oil. After 40-times continuous breakdown discharges, both the flash point and breakdown voltage of the flame-retardant insulating oil increase slightly.

Key words: mineral insulating oil, aging, flash point, breakdown voltage, flame retardance

中图分类号:

X936

祝兴华, 马翔, 袁博, 张怡, 赵乘寿. 热、电老化及阻燃处理对绝缘油闪点和击穿电压的影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(S1): 75-80.

Zhu Xinghua, Ma Xiang, Yuan Bo, Zhang Yi, Zhao Chengshou. Effects of thermal-electrical aging and flame retardance on flash point and breakdown voltage of insulating oil[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(S1): 75-80.

图/表 8

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

参考文献 18

[1]	徐进. 电力行业2024年综述及2025年展望[J]. 能源, 2025(3): 48-54.
	Xu Jin. Electric power industry: 2024 review and 2025 outlook[J]. Energy, 2025(3): 48-54.
[2]	Fofana I. 50 years in the development of insulating liquids[J]. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 2013, 29(5): 13-25. doi: 10.1109/MEI.2013.6585853
[3]	张佳庆, 尚峰举, 马文智, 等. 变压器油对氟碳与碳氢表面活性剂体系泡沫性能影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(10): 95-104. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.10.1888
	Zhang Jiaqing, Shang Fengju, Ma Wenzhi, et al. Effect of transformer oil on foam properties of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactant systems[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(10): 95-104. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.10.1888
[4]	Fofana I, Bouaächa A, Farzaneh M, et al. Decay products in the liquid insulation of power transformers[J]. Iet Electric Power Applications, 2010, 4(3): 177-84. doi: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0181
[5]	陈涛, 赵力增, 傅学成, 等. 大型换流变压器火灾事故特点与灭火方案[J]. 消防科学与技术, 2020, 39(8): 1 138-1 141.
	Chen Tao, Zhao Lizeng, Fu Xuecheng, et al. Fire accident characteristics and firefighting solutions of large converter transformer[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2020, 39(8): 1 138-1 141.
[6]	Hadjadj Y, Fofana I, Sabau J, et al. Assessing insulating oil degradation by means of turbidity and UV/Vis spectrophotometry measurements[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2015, 22(5): 2 653-2 660. doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2015.005111
[7]	廖瑞金, 郭沛, 周年荣, 等. 新型抗老化混合油-纸板绝缘热老化特性[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(22): 222-230.
	Liao Ruijin, Guo Pei, Zhou Nianrong, et al. The thermal aging characteristics of the new anti-aging mixed oil-pressboard insulation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(22): 222-230.
[8]	N'cho J S, Fofana I, Beroual A, et al. The gassing tendency of various insulating fluids under electrical discharge[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2011, 18(5): 1 616-1 625. doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2011.6032832
[9]	穆泽渊, 蒋泽赟, 王成龙, 等. 变压器油中电弧的产气特性[J]. 高电压技术, 2025, 51(7): 3 434-3 442.
	Mu Zeyuan, Jiang Zeyun, Wang Chenglong, et al. Gas generation characteristics of arc in transformer oil[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2025, 51(7): 3 434-3 442.
[10]	Khandai S, Jasper D, Roy N K. Experimental studies on insulating oils for power transformer applications[J]. International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, 2024, 26(4): 733-743. doi: 10.1515/ijeeps-2024-0150
[11]	马军, 周月梅, 朱正国, 等. 纳米改性矿物绝缘油的老化特性研究[J]. 电工电气, 2016(10): 47-51.
	Ma Jun, Zhou Yuemei, Zhu Zhengguo, et al. Oxidation resistance study of nano-particles modified mineral transformer oil[J]. Electrical Engineering & Equipment, 2016(10): 47-51.
[12]	李娜娜, 姜国伟, 周光远, 等. 有机磷类阻燃剂的合成及应用进展[J]. 应用化学, 2016, 33(6): 611-623. doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2016.06.150299
	Li Nana, Jiang Guowei, Zhou Guangyuan, et al. Synthesis and application progress of organic phosphorus-containing flame retardants[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2016, 33(6): 611-623. doi: 10.11944/j.issn.1000-0518.2016.06.150299
[13]	Huang Ying, Wei Jiaqiang, Yi Jianxing. Combustion behavior of mineral insulating oil with addition of flame retardants[J]. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2020, 508(1): DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/508/1/012155.
[14]	崔鲁. 热老化植物油纸绝缘放电特性及其对绝缘劣化影响研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2018.
	Cui Lu. Study on discharge characteristics and its effect on insulation detorioration of thermal-aged vegetable oil-paper insulation[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2018.
[15]	Singh J, Sood Y R, Verma P. The influence of service aging on transformer insulating oil parameters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2012, 19(2): 421-426. doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2012.6180234
[16]	Loiselle L. Comparative studies of the stability of various fluids under electrical discharge and thermal stresses[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2015, 22(5): 2 491-2 499. doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2015.7311022
[17]	Loiselle L, Rao U M, Fofana I. Influence of aging on oil degradation and gassing tendency for mineral oil and synthetic ester under low energy discharge electrical faults[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(3): DOI: 10.3390/en13030595.
[18]	孙晓勃, 迟红锋, 陈鹏真, 等. 磷酸酯抗燃液压油的发展及劣化机制综述[J]. 合成润滑材料, 2023, 50(4): 35-38.
	Sun Xiaobo, Chi Hongfeng, Chen Pengzhen, et al. Review on the development and deterioration mechanism of phosphate ester flame-resistant hydraulic oils[J]. Synthetic Lubricants, 2023, 50(4): 35-38.

热、电老化及阻燃处理对绝缘油闪点和击穿电压的影响

Effects of thermal-electrical aging and flame retardance on flash point and breakdown voltage of insulating oil

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	郗朋, 孙凤玲, 范小萍, 唐潇宇, 卓启明, 纪红兵. 不同价态磷基阻燃剂对锂离子电池性能影响试验[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(5): 73-82.
[2]	单雪影, 张家傅, 黄其鑫, 刁玉璇, 李锦春, 李玲玉. 阻燃型环氧树脂/低分子聚苯醚材料固化及热解动力学[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(7): 114-121.
[3]	王玉怀, 张思佳, 李东明, 黄刚, 张文明. 全尺寸巷道阻燃输送带火灾烟气温度变化特征试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(5): 39-46.
[4]	刘勇, 姜一帆, 耿鑫玺, 张焘. DOPO-BPS/OSEP/EP-CE阻燃复合材料的制备及性能[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(2): 111-117.
[5]	张莉聪, 李斯曼. 基于基元反应的气液两相协同抑爆阻燃效果分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(3): 101-108.
[6]	王凯, 郝丹萍, 周彪, 蒋晨旸. 老化对木材燃烧特性的影响机制研究进展[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(12): 34-39.
[7]	易亮, 杨倩, 颜龙, 王宁, 徐志胜. 纳米TiO₂在膨胀型透明防火涂料中的协效作用[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(7): 63-69.
[8]	巩亚文, 刘应春, 景明举, 张英楠, 张彬. 二氧化硅凝胶泡沫材料制备及阻燃性能研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(5): 127-133.
[9]	邓军, 宋佳佳, 赵婧昱, 刘同双, 卢世平, 赵彦丽. 自然老化木材燃烧过程热行为特性研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(2): 83-89.
[10]	邓军, 刘同双, 宋佳佳, 赵靖昱, 王彩萍, 赵彦丽. 自然老化作用对杨木热行为特征影响试验研究^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(12): 17-23.
[11]	王飞跃, 刘辉, 颜龙. 钨尾矿填料在膨胀型防火涂料中的协效作用^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(10): 46-53.
[12]	欧红香, 叶青, 徐家成, 刘犇, 单雪影, 蒋军成. F-ZrP@Co-MOF协效膨胀阻燃聚丙烯性能研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(1): 52-59.
[13]	李耀庄, 冯钰微, 徐志胜, 颜龙, 贾宏煜. 蛤蜊壳在膨胀型防火涂料中的阻燃和抑烟作用[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(7): 41-47.
[14]	韩骥, 单雪影, 邵辉, 郭辉, 李锦春. 改性β-CD的制备及其阻燃环氧树脂研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(7): 107-113.
[15]	刘惠平, 刘宇婷, 王晗, 林晓兰, 廖慧英. 硼酸锌对膨胀阻燃聚甲醛的协效阻燃研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(5): 14-20.