硼酸锌对膨胀阻燃聚甲醛的协效阻燃研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.05.003

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 14-20.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.05.003

硼酸锌对膨胀阻燃聚甲醛的协效阻燃研究

刘惠平¹ 副教授, 刘宇婷¹, 王晗¹, 林晓兰¹, 廖慧英² 讲师

1.上海应用技术大学城市建设与安全工程学院,上海 201418;
2.上海应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院,上海 201418

收稿日期:2020-02-07 修回日期:2020-04-10 出版日期:2020-05-28 发布日期:2021-01-28
作者简介:刘惠平(1974—),男,湖南常德人,博士,副教授,主要从事防火阻燃材料、化学物质与化工工艺安全及新型灭火剂等方面的研究。E-mail:liuhuiping@sit.edu.cn。

Synergistic flame-retardant effects of zinc borate in intumescent flame retardant applied on polyoxymethylene

LIU Huiping¹, LIU Yuting¹, WANG Han¹, LIN Xiaolan¹, LIAO Huiying²

1. School of Urban Construction and Safety Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China;
2. School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China

Received:2020-02-07 Revised:2020-04-10 Online:2020-05-28 Published:2021-01-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为进一步提高膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)对聚甲醛(POM)的阻燃效果,首先将硼酸锌(ZB)与常用IFR(聚磷酸铵-三聚氰胺-季戊四醇)共混制得ZB-IFR复配膨胀阻燃体系的样品,采用熔融共混法制备ZB-IFR/POM复合阻燃材料;然后利用极限氧指数(LOI)测定仪、垂直燃烧(UL-94)测试法、热重分析(TGA)法、扫描电镜(SEM)、锥形量热仪(CONE)及热重-红外(TG-IR)仪等研究ZB-IFR对POM的协效阻燃作用。结果表明:当ZB含量为1%时,所得1.0ZB-IFR/POM的LOI可达55%,UL-94等级为V-0级;其受热膨胀后所得残炭量高,炭层结构致密稳定,且在燃烧过程中的热释放速率(HRR)、质量损失及烟气释放量均最小,火灾性能指数(FPI)相对最高;除此,不含ZB的IFR/POM在受热分解过程中比1.0ZB-IFR/POM放出更多的CO₂,说明ZB的加入能有效地抑制复合阻燃材料的充分燃烧,显示出良好的协效阻燃作用。

关键词: 膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR), 聚甲醛(POM), 硼酸锌(ZB), 协效阻燃, 锥形量热仪(CONE)

Abstract: In order to improve flame retardancy of IFR on POM, compound ZB-IFR samples were prepared by blending ZB with commonly used IFR (ammonium polyphosphate-melamine-pentaerythritol), and ZB-IFR/POM flame-retardant composites were made with melt blending method. Then synergistic flame-retardant effects of ZB-IFR on POM were studied by using limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion (UL-94), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), CONE calorimeter and Thermogravimetric-infrared (TG-IR). The results show that when 1% ZB is added, LOI of obtained 1.0ZB-IFR/POM can reach 55% and UL-94 grade is V-0. And after thermal expansion, the composite has a high char residual content with a compact and stable char layer, and its heat release rate (HRR), mass loss and smoke emission are the smallest during combustion process, so its fire performance index (FPI) is relatively high. Besides, IFR / POM without ZB emits more CO₂ during thermal decomposition than 1.0ZB-IFR/POM, indicating that ZB addition can effectively hinder full combustion of flame-retardant composites, exhibiting good synergistic flame-retardant effects.

Key words: intumescent flame retardant (IFR), polyoxymethylene (POM), zinc borate (ZB), synergistic flame retardant, cone calorimeter (CONE)

中图分类号:

X937

刘惠平, 刘宇婷, 王晗, 林晓兰, 廖慧英. 硼酸锌对膨胀阻燃聚甲醛的协效阻燃研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2020, 30(5): 14-20.

LIU Huiping, LIU Yuting, WANG Han, LIN Xiaolan, LIAO Huiying. Synergistic flame-retardant effects of zinc borate in intumescent flame retardant applied on polyoxymethylene[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2020, 30(5): 14-20.

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硼酸锌对膨胀阻燃聚甲醛的协效阻燃研究

Synergistic flame-retardant effects of zinc borate in intumescent flame retardant applied on polyoxymethylene

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