中国安全科学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 142-151.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2020.06.021

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

考虑火灾产物影响条件下的人员疏散仿真研究

叶成豪1,2,3, 刘月婵**1,2 讲师, 孙超1,2 副教授, 蒋永清1,2 教授, 王博1,2 讲师   

  1. 1.哈尔滨理工大学 测控技术与通信工程学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080;
    2.哈尔滨理工大学 测控技术与仪器国家级实验教学示范中心, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150080;
    3.东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819)
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-23 修回日期:2020-05-10 出版日期:2020-06-28 发布日期:2021-01-28
  • 通讯作者: **刘月婵(1985—),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,主要从事火灾动力学数值模拟、典型工业火灾检测与控制方面的研究。E-mail:liuyuechan@hrbust.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:叶成豪(1997—),男,四川广汉人,硕士研究生,研究方向为火灾防治理论与技术。E-mail:1096143053@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金资助(11704090);黑龙江省普通高等学校青年创新人才培养计划资助项目(UNPYSCT-2018207);黑龙江省普通高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(LGYC2018JC048)。

Simulation study on personnel evacuation considering impacts of fire products

YE Chenghao1,2,3, LIU Yuechan1,2, SUN Chao1,2, JIANG Yongqing1,2, WANG Bo1,2   

  1. 1. School of Measurement-Control Technology and Communication Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin Heilongjiang 150080, China;
    2. National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Measuring & Control Technology and Instrumentation, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin Heilongjiang 150080, China;
    3. School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang Liaoning 110819, China
  • Received:2020-03-23 Revised:2020-05-10 Online:2020-06-28 Published:2021-01-28

摘要: 为探究建筑物发生火灾时火灾产物对人员疏散的影响,通过对建筑物模型的全尺寸数值模拟,提取火灾产物相关参数,引入人员疏散速度系数的概念,建立基于火灾产物影响条件下的人员疏散速度模型;提出一种全新的判定人员安全疏散方法,并针对火灾产物影响条件下的人员安全疏散情况开展数值模拟;同时,分析喷淋强度和排烟速率对人员疏散速度系数的影响。结果表明:相较于传统研究方法,基于疏散速度系数的火灾事故人员疏散模型,更能够反映真实火场中的疏散效果;同时,增设喷淋和排烟能有效地降低火灾产物对人员疏散速度的影响。

关键词: 火灾产物, 人员疏散分析, 疏散速度系数, 数值模拟, Pathfinder软件

Abstract: In order to explore impacts of fire products on personnel evacuation in the event of a fire in buildings, relevant parameters of fire products were extracted through full-scale numerical simulation of building model, concept of personnel evacuation speed coefficient was introduced, and an evacuation speed model based on effects of fire products was established. Secondly, a new method to determine safe evacuation was put forward before numerical simulation was carried out for such evacuation considering impacts of fire products. Meanwhile influence of spray intensity and smoke exhaust rate on speed coefficient was analyzed. The results show that the proposed evacuation model can better reflect evacuation effects in the real fire site than traditional research methods. And addition of spraying and smoke extraction can effectively reduce impacts of fire products on evacuation speed.

Key words: fire product, evacuation analysis, evacuation speed coefficient, numerical simulation, Pathfinder software

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