考虑异质交通流冲突的非机动车道宽度设计

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.10.1652

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为降低超车过程中异质交通流间的冲突,在传统非机动车道宽度设计方法基础上,提出一种考虑异质交通流避让行为的设计方法。首先,采用减速群体占比和踏频值分析车辆的受干扰程度;其次,通过建立车-车作用力模型计算不同类型车辆间的作用力,拟合作用力与避让间距的关系求解安全避让距离,可得推荐非机动车道宽度为传统车道宽度及安全避让距离之和;然后,建立安全评价模型,评价不同宽度非机动车道的安全性,以验证该设计方法的合理性;最后,实例分析西安市4个路段非机动车道的骑行样本。结果表明: 2车混行的非机动车道中,减速群体占比为传统非机动车道的0.93倍,骑行踏频值提高0.07圈/s,道路安全值是传统非机动车道的1.07倍,车道内的干扰更小,骑行者更为安全。

关键词: 异质交通流, 非机动车道, 宽度设计, 车-车作用力, 踏频值, 安全避让距离

Abstract:

In order to reduce conflicts between heterogeneous traffic flows during overtaking, a non-motorized lane width design method that considers avoidance maneuver in heterogeneous traffic was proposed. This method represents an improvement over the traditional design approach. Firstly, the conflict levels of non-motorized vehicles were analyzed through the deceleration group proportions and pedaling cadence. Secondly, a vehicle-to-vehicle force model was established to calculate the forces between different types of vehicles. The additional safety gap was determined based on the relationship between these forces and lateral width. The recommended non-motorized lane width was the sum of the traditional lane width and the additional safety gap. Then, the rationality of the proposed design method was evaluated based on the safety levels of non-motorized lanes with different widths, which was obtained from the safety evaluation model developed in this research. Finally, data from four non-motorized lanes in Xi'an city were analyzed as case studies. The research results show that the deceleration group proportion is 0.93 times, pedaling cadence increases by 0.07 revolutions per second, and the road safety value is 1.07 times compared to traditional non-motorized lanes in non-motorized lanes accommodating heterogeneous traffic. These findings demonstrate that lanes meeting the design width have lower conflicts and greater safety.

Key words: heterogeneous traffic-flow, non-motorized lane, width design, vehicle-vehicle force, pedaling cadence, additional safety gap

中图分类号:

X951交通运输安全

李岩, 邵进, 刘林建, 梁淑娟, 汪帆. 考虑异质交通流冲突的非机动车道宽度设计[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(10): 80-87.

LI Yan, SHAO Jin, LIU Linjian, LIANG Shujuan, WANG Fan. A methodology for non-motorized lane design considering heterogeneous traffic conflicts[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(10): 80-87.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

图5

表2

车-车作用力模型参数及标定结果

名称	值	描述
$m α$	75	常规自行车人车质量/kg
$m β$	115	电动自行车人车质量/kg
k_αα	0.019 8	常规-常规自行车作用力参数
k_αβ	0.021 2	常规-电动自行车作用力参数
k_ββ	0.023 6	电动-电动自行车作用力参数

表2

图6

表3

表4

图7

表5

非机动车道安全评价模型

路段名	路段宽度/m	$λ 1, λ 2, λ 3$	$P 1, P 2, P 3$	道路安全值M
长安路	3.2	0.429/0.452/0.119	0.108/0.178/0.012	7.80
二环南路	2.8	0.410/0.479/0.111	0.112/0.185/0.015	7.34
文艺南路	2.5	0.374/0.516/0.110	0.119/0.192/0.021	6.85
小寨路	2.0	0.290/0.601/0.109	0.125/0.218/0.037	5.84

表5

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路段名	宽度/m	机非隔离形式	流率/ (辆·h^-1)	类型	采集样本数/个	速度平均值/ (m·s^-1)	加速度绝对平均值/(m·s^-2)
长安路	3.2	绿化带隔离	982	自由骑行	120	3.26	0.375
长安路	3.2	绿化带隔离	982	超车干扰	582	2.42	0.329
二环南路	2.8	划线隔离	942	自由骑行	120	3.23	0.371
二环南路	2.8	划线隔离	942	超车干扰	512	2.35	0.325
文艺南路	2.5	绿化带隔离	771	自由骑行	120	3.22	0.368
文艺南路	2.5	绿化带隔离	771	超车干扰	455	2.31	0.322
小寨路	2.0	绿化带隔离与护栏隔离	725	自由骑行	120	3.16	0.360
小寨路	2.0	绿化带隔离与护栏隔离	725	超车干扰	386	2.26	0.318

机非隔离类型	均值	最小值	15%位分位数	85%位分位数
划线隔离	0.13	0.05	0.11	0.15
护栏隔离	0.28	0.12	0.21	0.30
绿化隔离	0.32	0.14	0.23	0.38

满足条件	常规自行车虚拟车道宽度	电动自行车虚拟车道宽度	划线/护栏/绿化带隔离边缘宽度值	路缘石边缘宽度值	安全避让距离	总宽度
常规-常规自行车避让	1.0×2	—	0.15	0.25	0.31	2.71
			0.30			2.86
			0.38			2.94
常规-电动自行车避让	1.0	0.98	0.15	0.25	0.38	2.76
			0.30			2.91
			0.38			3.00
电动-电动自行车避让	—	0.98×2	0.15	0.25	0.47	2.83
			0.30			2.98
			0.38			3.06