巷道分岔角和障碍物对矿工疏散效率的影响

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.06.1174

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升矿工应急疏散能力,针对水平巷道和倾斜巷道分别构建巷道分岔角(45、60、90、135、180°)仿真模型,并基于社会力理论,分析巷道分岔角随疏散时间的变化特性及主要作用力,建立巷道分岔角与疏散参数的关系模型,采用正交试验探究最佳分岔角下障碍物长度、宽度及位置对矿工疏散效率的影响。结果表明:巷道疏散过程可分为排队通行、竞争平衡及社会力作用后阶段3个阶段;疏散时间随着巷道分岔角度的增大而减少,符合三次多项式关系;确定最佳分岔角为135°;障碍物对疏散效率的影响顺序为障碍物宽度>障碍物长度>障碍物位置,障碍物宽度与疏散时间呈指数关系;将巷道分岔角、坡度和障碍物宽度作为静态影响系数,计算得出最佳分岔角下当障碍物宽度大于2 m时,巷道当量长度受障碍物宽度影响较大。

关键词: 巷道分岔角, 障碍物, 疏散效率, 应急疏散, 社会力

Abstract:

To improve the emergency evacuation ability of miners, simulation models of roadway bifurcation angles (45, 60, 90, 135, 180°) were constructed for horizontal roadway and inclined roadway, respectively. Based on social force theory, the changing characteristics and main forces of roadway bifurcation angles with evacuation time were analyzed, and a relationship model between roadway bifurcation angles and evacuation parameters was established. The orthogonal test was used to investigate the influence of the length, width and position of obstacles on the evacuation efficiency of miners. The results showed that the evacuation process of roadway could be divided into queue passage stage, competitive balance stage and social force effect stage, and the evacuation time decreased with the increase of roadway bifurcation angle, which followed with the cubic polynomial relationship. The optimum bifurcation angle was determined to be 135°. The order of the influence of obstacles on evacuation efficiency is the width of the obstacle> the length of the obstacle > the position of the obstacle, and the width of the obstacle has an exponential relationship with the evacuation time. Taking the roadway bifurcation angle, slope and obstacle width as the static influence coefficients, the calculation shows that under the optimal bifurcation angle, the equivalent length of the roadway is significantly affected by the obstacle width when the obstacle width is greater than 2 m.

Key words: roadway bifurcation angle, obstacle, evacuation efficiency, emergency evacuation, social forces

中图分类号:

X936

司俊鸿, 于跃洁, 李林, 范若婷. 巷道分岔角和障碍物对矿工疏散效率的影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(6): 209-215.

SI Junhong, YU Yuejie, LI Lin, FAN Ruoting. Influence of roadway bifurcation angle and obstacles on evacuation efficiency of miners[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(6): 209-215.

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序号	η_pi=0.221		序号	η_pi=0.429
序号	η_oi	L_i/m	序号	η_oi	L_i/m
1	0.332	32.609	6	0.332	36.981
2	0.333	32.617	7	0.333	36.989
3	0.339	32.741	8	0.339	37.114
4	0.421	34.479	9	0.421	38.851
5	0.808	42.597	10	0.808	46.969