考虑多利益相关方需求的机场群航班时刻优化

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.11.0159

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提升运营效率,保障飞行安全,综合考虑航空公司、空管部门、时刻协调单位和机场等多方需求,以机场容量、终端区走廊口容量及安全需求为约束,构建多目标航班时刻优化模型,实现机场群航班时刻分配的均衡与效率提升,并通过京津冀机场群中北京首都机场、北京大兴机场和天津滨海机场的实际航班数据验证模型的有效性。结果表明:优化后的航班时刻分布更加均衡,高峰时段航班数量减少7%,航空公司平均航班调整量降低18.2%,机场群航班调整总量减少10.4%;北京首都机场优化后提升了高峰时段的容量利用效率,冗余率由2.9%提高至8.3%;北京大兴机场优化后航班时刻更加均衡,冗余率由1.6%提高至6.5%;天津滨海机场优化后航班量控制在容量范围内,提高了安全裕度,冗余率由-13.9%提高至8.3%。模型可有效合理调配航班时刻,显著提升运行安全水平与资源利用效率。

Abstract:

To enhance operational efficiency and ensure flight safety, a multi-objective flight slot optimization model was developed by comprehensively considering the requirements of airlines, air traffic control authorities, slot coordination authorities, and airports, subject to airport capacity, terminal waypoint capacity, and safety requirements. The model aimed to achieve balanced and efficient slot allocation within airport clusters, and its effectiveness was validated using actual flight data from Beijing Capital International Airport, Beijing Daxing International Airport, and Tianjin Binhai International Airport in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei airport cluster. The results show that the optimized slot distribution becomes more balanced, with peak-hour flight numbers reduced by 7%, the average adjustment per airline decreased by 18.2%, and the total adjustment across the airport cluster reduced by 10.4%. At Beijing Capital Airport, capacity utilization efficiency during peak hours is improved, with redundancy increasing from 2.9% to 8.3%. At Beijing Daxing Airport, slot distribution becomes more balanced, with redundancy increasing from 1.6% to 6.5%. At Tianjin Binhai Airport, the optimized flight volume is maintained within capacity limits, improving safety margins, with redundancy rising from -13.9% to 8.3%. The model effectively enables the rational allocation of flight schedules, significantly enhancing operational safety and resource utilization efficiency.

Key words: stakeholders, airport group, flight slot optimization, airport capacity, terminal waypoint, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, operational safety

中图分类号:

X949

任杰, 曲仕茹, 王莉莉, 张家梁, 孙志远. 考虑多利益相关方需求的机场群航班时刻优化[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(11): 98-106.

REN Jie, QU Shiru, WANG Lili, ZHANG Jialiang, SUN Zhiyuan. Optimization of flight slot for airport group considering needs of multiple stakeholders[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(11): 98-106.

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机场		走廊口	小时容量/架次	15 min容量/ 架次
离场	ZBAA	RUSDO	15	3
		BOTPU/IDKEX	20	5
		ELKUR	26	6
	ZBAD	OMDEK	28	7
		PEGSO	16	4
		ELKUR	26	6
	ZBTJ	OMDEK	20	5
		PEGSO/BOTPU	16	4
		IGMOR	20	5

机场		走廊口	小时容量/架次	15 min容量/ 架次
进场	ZBAA	DUGEB	18	4
		GUVBA	7	1
		AVBOX	35	8
	ZBAD	BLEAX	24	6
		ELAPU	6	1
		AVBOX	35	8
	ZBTJ	AVBOX	20	5
		GUVBA	10	2
		DUMAP	10	2

机场	公布小时容量/架次	公布15min容量/架次
ZBAA	70	17
ZBAD	62	15
ZBTJ	36	7

机场		方向	走廊口	时间/min
离场	ZBAA	中南	RUSDO	20
		西北、西南	BOTPU/IDKEX	15
		华东	ELKUR	25
	ZBAD	中南	OMDEK	20
		西北、西南	PEGSO	20
		华东	ELKUR	20
	ZBTJ	中南	OMDEK	15
		西北、西南	PEGSO/BOTPU	15
		华东	IGMOR	15

机场		方向	走廊口	时间/min
进场	ZBAA	中南	DUGEB	25
		西北、西南	GUVBA	25
		华东	AVBOX	25
	ZBAD	中南	BLEAX	20
		西北、西南	ELAPU	30
		华东	AVBOX	15
	ZBTJ	中南	AVBOX	15
		西北、西南	GUVBA	15
		华东	AVBOX	15