Research on thermal response of liquefied gas tank car under fire condition

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.S2.010

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the response mechanism of tank car under fire condition, a horizontal tank thermal response test-bed was built, where experiments were adopted along with numerical simulation, and a numerical model was built with the help of Ansys software so that a comparative analysis was conducted into temperature variation of outer walls and interior medium with time under various heating conditions. The results of experiment and numerical simulation were basically consistent; suggesting that clear thermal stratification would be generated within interior medium in condition of all heating, while temperature uniformity would be generated in condition of bottom heating. Through analysis of the temperature field and flow field under the two heating conditions, it was showed that different wall surface temperatures leaded to different rising flows along the wall surface and different temperature stratification under two heating conditions. Based on the results of experiments and computations, it can be concluded that the bottom fire heating will lead to isotheraml fluid in the tank car, which implies higher energy before explosion.

Key words: liquefied gas, tank car, thermal response, thermal stratification, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

X932

WANG Ming, SHI Jianyun, YIN Panpan, TANG Bo, LIANG Yuwei. Research on thermal response of liquefied gas tank car under fire condition[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2018, 28(S2): 54-59.

References

[1] ABBASI T, ABBASI S. The boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE): mechanism, consequence assessment, management[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007, 141(3): 489-519.
[2] TOWNSEND W, ANDERSON C, ZOOK J, et al. Comparison of thermally coated and uninsulated rail tank cars filled with LPG subjected to a fire environment,FRA-OR&D 75-32[R]. US DOT, 1974.
[3] MOODIE K, COWLEY L, DENNY R, et al. Fire engulfment tests on a 5 tonne LPG tank[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1988, 20: 55-71.
[4] BIRK A M. Fire tests of propane tanks to study BLEVEs and other thermal ruptures: detailed analysis of medium scale test results,TP12498E[R]. Transport Canada, 1997.
[5] 陈福真, 张明广, 王妍,等. 罐区池火灾多米诺效应试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2017,27(11):31-36.
CHEN Fuzhen, ZHANG Mingguang, WANG Yan, et al. Experimental study on domino effect in pool fire in tank farm[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2017,27(11):31-36.
[6] 弓燕舞, 林文胜, 顾安忠. 液化石油气储罐分层增压过程研究[J]. 天然气工业, 2004, 24(1): 86-88.
GONG Yanwu, LIN Wensheng, GU Anzhong. Study on stratification boosting process of LPG tank[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2004, 24(1): 86-88.
[7] 杨磊. 高真空多层绝热低温容器真空丧失试验研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2008.
YANG Lei. Loss of vacuum experiment on a multilayer insulated vessel[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2008.
[8] VENART J E, SUMATHIPALA U K, STEWARD F R, et al. Experiments on the thermo-ydraulic response of pressure liquefied gases in externally heated tanks with pressure relief[J]. Plant/Operations Progress, 1988, 7(2): 139-144.
[9] SHI Jianyun, BI Mingshu, YANG Xue. Experimental research on thermal stratification of liquefied gas in tanks under external thermal attack[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2012,41:77-83.
[10] SHI Jianyun, Jingjie Ren REN Jingjie, LIU Peng,et al. Experimental research on the effects of fluid and heater on thermal stratification of liquefied gas[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2013,50:29-36.
[11] AYDEMIR N, MAGAPU V, SOUSA A, et al. Thermal response analysis of LPG tanks exposed to fire[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1988, 20: 239-262.
[12] 俞昌铭, 单彦广, 肖金生, 等. 液化气储罐受热引爆机理分析[J]. 北京科技大学学报, 2013, 35(4): 522-530.
YU Changming, SHAN Yanguang, XIAO Jinsheng, et al. Explosion mechanism analysis of liquefied petroleum gas tanks exposed to fire[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2013, 35(4): 522-530.
[13] YU Changming, AYDEMIR N, VENART J. Transient free convection and thermal stratification in uniformly-heated partially-filled horizontal cylindrical and spherical vessels[J]. Journal of Thermal Science, 1992, 1(2): 114-122.
[14] 邢志祥, 常建国, 蒋军成. 液化石油气储罐对火灾热响应的CFD模拟[J]. 天然气工业, 2005, 25(5): 115-117.
XING Zhixiang,CHANG Jianguo,JIANG Juncheng. CFD simulation of LNG tanks thermally responding to fire[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2005, 25(5): 115-117.
[15] 邢志祥, 赵垒, 欧红香,等. 基于FLUENT平台的LPG储罐热响应源项设计[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2014, 24(2):41-46.
XING Zhixiang, ZHAO Lei, OU Hongxiang, et al. Source item design and verification for thermal response of LPG storage tank based on FLUENT simulation[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2014, 24(2):41-46.
[16] BI Mingshu, REN Jingjie, ZHAO Bo, et al. Effect of fire engulfment on thermal response of LPG tanks[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 192(2): 874-879.
[17] REN Jingjie, SHI Jianyun, LIU Peng, et al. Simulation on thermal stratification and de-stratification in liquefied gas tanks[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013, 38(10):4 017-4 023.