Study on influence of evacuation time of special population based on assistance ratio

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.03.1010

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the influence of the number of rescuers on the evacuation of special populations, according to the behavior mode of special populations during evacuation, pathfinder simulation software was used to eatablish an evacuation simulation model based on the assistance ratio for a residential building of a special population. The parameters of the assistance ratio of different special populations were simulated, and the influence of different assistance ratios on evacuation time was analyzed. The results show that the stairwell is the main area affecting the evacuation time. Therefore, according to the parameter changes in the original model, a local evacuation model of the stairwell with different crowd evacuation speeds is established to study the evacuation speed of the stairwell under different working conditions. The results show that the evacuation time is related to the assistance ratio of special population in a U-shaped curve, which decreases with the increase of assistance ratio, reaches the minimum at 40%(2∶5), and then increases with the increase of assistance ratio. When the assist ratio is different, the evacuation time is mainly affected by the speed of the stairs. When the assist ratio is low, the speed of the stairs is significantly affected by the speed reduction coefficient of the stairwell. When the assist ratio is high, the speed of the normal person is significantly affected.

Key words: special population, assistance ratio, evacuation time, barrier-free building, stair speed

CAI Jialiang, LI Kailing, QU Lu, WEI Liuyang, LI Yao. Study on influence of evacuation time of special population based on assistance ratio[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(3): 161-166.

Figures/Tables 11

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楼梯高度h/cm	梯段宽度b/cm	K
19.05	25.4	1.0
17.78	27.94	1.08
16.51	30.84	1.16
16.51	33.02	1.23

地面类型	行动障碍类型	b/cm	v_max/(m·s^-1)	K₁
水平地面	正常人	45.5	1.40	—
	无行走障碍残疾人	45.5	0.95	—
	拄拐	45.5	0.94	—
	手杖	45.5	0.81	—
	由他人辅助疏散(疏散椅)	90×45.5(长×宽)	0.95	—
	电动轮椅	1 320	0.89	—
	手动轮椅	1 320	0.69	—
	手动轮椅(由他人辅助)	1 320	1.30	—
下楼梯	正常人	45.5	1.12	0.80
	无行走障碍残疾人	45.5	0.36	0.38
	拄拐	45.5	0.22	0.23
	手杖	45.5	0.32	0.40
	由他人辅助疏散(疏散椅)	90×45.5(长×宽)	0.75	0.80
	电动轮椅	1 320	—	—
	手动轮椅	1 320	—	—
	手动轮椅(由他人辅助)	1 320	—	—

方程	y = a + bx
绘图	0	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	1
权重	不加权
截距	-2.170 24	-4.111 23	-6.215 7	-8.583 04	-5.406 46	-5.828 47	-7.071 06	-5.662 1	-7.094 6	-10.555 33	-8.779 9
斜率	0.360 14	0.422 33	0.423 11	0.427 64	0.434 55	0.398 09	0.423 25	0.427 03	0.399 02	0.469 47	0.427 64
Pearson's r	0.978 16	0.980 79	0.991 97	0.993 3	0.983 3	0.990 44	0.989 15	0.985 21	0.973 26	0.976 27	0.968 36
确定系数R²	0.956 79	0.961 95	0.984	0.986 65	0.966 88	0.980 96	0.978 42	0.970 64	0.947 23	0.953 1	0.937 72
调整后R²	0.956 62	0.961 79	0.983 93	0.986 59	0.966 74	0.980 89	0.978 33	0.970 52	0.947 02	0.952 9	0.937 47

工况	a₁/ (cm×cm)	v₁/ (m·s^-1)	v₂/ (m·s^-1)	a₂/ (cm×cm)	v₃/ (m·s^-1)	v₄/ (m·s^-1)	a₃/ (cm×cm)	v₅/ (m·s^-1)	v₆/ (m·s^-1)
1	45.5×45.5	1.4	1.12	45.5×45.5	1.4	0.36	90×45.5	1.4	0.36
2	45.5×45.5	1.4	1.12	45.5×45.5	0.95	0.36	90×45.5	1.4	0.36
3	45.5×45.5	1.4	1.12	45.5×45.5	0.95	0.36	90×45.5	0.95	0.36
4	45.5×45.5	1.4	1.12	45.5×45.5	1.4	0.36	90×45.5	1.4	0.75