Mechanisms underlying unsafe behaviors among older miners based on IMB model

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.01.1116

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the structural safety risks in the workforce arising from the increasing proportion of older miners in the mining industry, this study investigated the causal mechanisms underlying unsafe behaviors among older miners. Drawing on the IMB model, a SEM was developed to examine the causal pathways of miners' unsafe behaviors, and multi-group analysis was employed to compare the path coefficient differences between older and younger miners. The results indicate that knowledge and experience factors such as educational attainment and safety knowledge, as well as psychological characteristic factors including safety attitudes, accident experience, mental health, job burnout, and risk attitudes, have significant effects on miners' unsafe behaviors. Notably, work ability mediates both the pathway from knowledge and experience to unsafe behaviors and the pathway from psychological characteristics to unsafe behaviors. In addition, risk attitudes, mental health, job burnout, educational attainment, and safety knowledge exert stronger influences on unsafe behaviors among older miners compared to their younger counterparts.

Key words: information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model, older miners, work ability, unsafe behavior, causal mechanisms, structural equation model (SEM)

CLC Number:

X910安全人体学

TIAN Fangyuan, LI Wenqi, XIE Xuecai, QIU Weishuai, LI Hongxia. Mechanisms underlying unsafe behaviors among older miners based on IMB model[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(1): 42-49.

Figures/Tables 7

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特征	分类	人数	占比/%
性别	男	525	72.76
年龄/岁	≤45	382	27.24
年龄/岁	≥45	143	30.29
工龄/a	≤10	159	25.33
	10~20	133	35.43
	20~30	186	8.95
	>30	47	16.38
教育程度	小学、初中	86	44.95
	高中、中专	236	27.24
	大专	143	11.43
	本科	60	72.76

变量名称	Cronbach's α	CR	AVE
安全态度	0.848	0.908	0.768
安全知识	0.856	0.933	0.874
工作倦怠	0.937	0.96	0.889
工作能力	0.812	0.869	0.532
心理健康	0.879	0.943	0.892
风险态度	0.861	0.906	0.708

改善路径	效应值	Bootstrap 标准误	95%置信区间
改善路径	效应值	Bootstrap 标准误	下限	上限
知识经验→工作能力→不安全行为	-0.016^**	0.01	-0.043	-0.002
心理特征→工作能力→不安全行为	0.095^**	0.037	0.026	0.168
事故经历→心理特征→工作能力→不安全行为	0.018^**	0.008	0.005	0.035
安全态度→心理特征→工作能力→不安全行为	-0.039^**	0.018	-0.074	-0.007
工作倦怠→心理特征→工作能力→不安全行为	0.037^**	0.014	0.012	0.068
心理健康→心理特征→工作能力→不安全行为	0.043^**	0.017	0.014	0.079
风险态度→心理特征→工作能力→不安全行为	0.015^**	0.006	0.005	0.029
学历→知识经验→工作能力→不安全行为	-0.002^**	0.001	-0.006	0
安全知识→知识经验→工作能力→不安全行为	-0.013^**	0.008	-0.032	-0.002
工龄→知识经验→工作能力→不安全行为	0.008	0.007	-0.011	0.02

路径关系	路径系数差值	路径系数(年轻)	路径系数(年长)	P值
风险态度→心理特征→工作能力	0.086	-0.081	-0.167	0.021
心理健康→心理特征→工作能力	0.076	-0.249	-0.325	0.036
工作倦怠→心理特征→工作能力	0.072	-0.22	-0.291	0.041
学历→知识经验→不安全行为	0.049	-0.001	-0.05	0.049
安全知识→知识经验→不安全行为	0.145	0.027	-0.118	0.052