Abstract: In order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of high-speed railway, the factors affecting the safety of high-speed railway are studied in depth. In view of the complex safety factors, such as people, things, technology and environment, etc., current situation analysis, summary and examples were adopted to specifically analyze such factors as people's psychology, behavior and quality, facilities and equipment quality, maintenance and repair, safety technology innovation and environmental protection inside and outside roads. From perspective of legalized governance,it is necessary to legislate layer by layer for various influencing factors, it is proposed to strengthen personnel safety education training, strict access and maintenance of facilities and equipment, and perfect safety technology innovation evaluation mechanism and environmental inspection system.

Key words: high-speed railway, human factor, technical factor, environmental factor, legislative countermeasures