超高层建筑人员步行疏散试验研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.032

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 185-190.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.032

• 公共安全 • 上一篇

超高层建筑人员步行疏散试验研究

房志明¹ 副教授, 许清风² 教授级高工, 宋伟宁³ 高级工程师, 陈玲珠² 高级工程师, 冷予冰²

1 上海理工大学管理学院, 上海 200093;
2 上海市建筑科学研究院上海市工程结构安全重点实验室, 上海 200032;
3 上海中心大厦建设发展有限公司, 上海 200120

收稿日期:2017-12-18 修回日期:2018-02-05 出版日期:2018-03-28 发布日期:2020-11-09
作者简介:房志明 (1986—),男,山东武城人,博士,副教授,主要从事火灾、危险品泄漏、恐怖袭击等突发事件下人员疏散安全研究(包括人员行为与建模、突发事件对人员的伤害机制)。E-mail:zhmfang2015@163.com。许清风 (1973—),男,江苏东台人,博士,教授级高工,主要从事工程结构抗火和既有建筑综合改造研究。E-mail:xuqingfeng73@163.com。
基金资助:
上海市科委项目(16DZ1200106);国家自然科学基金资助(51604204, 51308526)。

Experiment study on super high-rise building evacuation

FANG Zhiming¹, XU Qingfeng², SONG Weining³, CHEN Lingzhu², LENG Yubing²

1 Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Structure Safety, Shanghai Research Institute of Building Science, Shanghai 200032, China;
3 Shanghai Tower Construction & Development,Shanghai 200120, China

Received:2017-12-18 Revised:2018-02-05 Online:2018-03-28 Published:2020-11-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示超高层建筑人员疏散规律,在高632 m的上海中心大厦开展垂直疏散试验。试验人员由第126层(超过580 m)步行向下疏散至首层。根据视频监控数据,分析不同属性被试人员的疏散时间、疏散速度等关键参数。结果表明:向下疏散124层(573.82 m),最短可在 20 min内完成,平均疏散时间为(36 ± 6.04)min,平均垂直疏散速度为(0.287 ± 0.080)m/s,拥挤状态下的垂直疏散速度为(0.248 ± 0.034)m/s。拥堵、性别、体力和年龄是超高层建筑疏散过程的关键影响因素。

关键词: 超高层建筑, 疏散特征, 试验, 拥堵, 垂直疏散速度

Abstract: In order to reveal the characteristics of super high-rise building evacuation, a vertical evacuation experiment was carried out in the Shanghai Tower, in which the testees walked down from the 126^th floor to the first floor.The results show that to evacuate downwardly 124 layers (573.82 m), the shortest evacuation time is less than 20 min, the average evacuation time is (36±6.04)min, the average vertical evacuation speed is (0.287±0.080)m/s, and the vertical evacuation speed under congested condition is (0.248 ±0.034)m/s, and that congestion, gender, physical strength and age are the key factors influencing the super high-rise building evacuation.

Key words: super high-rize building, evacuation characteristics, experiment, jam, vertical evacuation speed

中图分类号:

X928.03

房志明, 许清风, 宋伟宁, 陈玲珠, 冷予冰. 超高层建筑人员步行疏散试验研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2018, 28(3): 185-190.

FANG Zhiming, XU Qingfeng, SONG Weining, CHEN Lingzhu, LENG Yubing. Experiment study on super high-rise building evacuation[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2018, 28(3): 185-190.

参考文献

[1] 饶平, 周晓冬, 朱孔金, 等. 复杂建筑结构人员疏散的元胞自动机模拟研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2011, 21(12): 34-39.
RAO Ping, ZHOU Xiaodong, ZHU Kongjin, et al. Cellular automation simulation of pedestrian evacuation under complex building structure[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2011, 21(12): 34-39.
[2] 张开冉, 杨树鹏, 何琳希, 等. 基于社会力模型的车站负重人群疏散模拟研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2017, 27(1): 30-35.
ZHANG Kairan, YANG Shupeng, HE Linxi, et al. Research on emergency evacuation of passengers with luggage from bus station [J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2017, 27(1): 30-35.
[3] XU Xuan, SONG Weiguo. Staircase evacuation modeling and its comparison with an egress drill[J]. Building and Environment, 2009, 44(5): 1 039-1 046.
[4] SANO Tomonori, RONCHI Enrico, MINEGISHI Yoshikazu, et al. A pedestrian merging flow model for stair evacuation[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2017, 89: 77-89.
[5] DING Ning, LUH Peter, ZHANG Hui, et al. Emergency evacuation simulation in staircases considering evacuees' physical and psychological status[C].IEEE International Conference on Automation Science & Engineering, 2013: 741-746.
[6] KOO Jeongin, KIM Yongseog, KIM Byungin, et al. A comparative study of evacuation strategies for people with disabilities in high-rise building evacuation[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2013, 40(2): 408-417.
[7] FANG Zhiming, SONG Weiguo, LI Zijuan, et al. Experimental study on evacuation process in a stairwell of a high-rise building[J]. Building and Environment, 2012, 47: 316-321.
[8] MA Jian, SONG Weiguo, TIAN Wei, et al. Experimental study on an ultra high-rise building evacuation in China[J]. Safety Science, 2012, 50: 1 665-1 674.
[9] PEACOCK Richard, HOSKINS Bryan, KULIGOWSKI Erica. Overall and local movement speeds during fire drill evacuations in buildings up to 31 stories[J]. Safety Science, 2012, 50: 1 655-1 664.
[10] CHOI Junho, GALEA Edwin Richard, HONG Wonhwa. Individual stair ascent and descent walk speeds measured in a Korean high-rise building[J]. Fire Technology, 2014, 50(2): 267-295.
[11] HUO Feizhou, SONG Weiguo, CHEN Lei, et al. Experimental study on characteristics of pedestrian evacuation on stairs in a high-rise building[J]. Safety Science, 2016, 86: 165-173.
[12] CHEN Junmin, WANG Jianyu, WANG Jiangchuan, et al. An experimental study of individual ascent speed on long stair[J]. Fire Technology, 2017, 53(1): 283-300.
[13] LAM Joyce H T, YUEN Jason K K, LEE Eric W M, et al. Experimental study on upward movement in a high-rise building[J]. Safety Science, 2014, 70: 397-405.
[14] 杨立兵. 建筑火灾人员疏散行为及优化研究[D]. 长沙:中南大学, 2012
YANG Libing. Study on behavior and optimization of evacuee under building fire[D]. Changsha:Central South University, 2012.
[15] MA Yaping, LI Lihua, ZHANG Hui, et al. Experimental study on small group behavior and crowd dynamics in a tall office building evacuation[J]. Physica A, 2017, 473: 488-500.
[16] ZENG Yiping, SONG Weiguo, JIN Sha, et al. Experimental study on walking preference during high-rise stair evacuation under different ground illuminations[J]. Physica A, 2017, 479: 26-37.

超高层建筑人员步行疏散试验研究

Experiment study on super high-rise building evacuation

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	阳东, 李萍. 抑制倾斜隧道烟气流动热压主导模式的临界风压[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(5): 41-47.
[2]	李刚, 刘海振, 杨庆贺, 牛伟锋. 带压开采煤层底板破坏特征与突水风险分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(5): 68-76.
[3]	郑艾辰, 向晋扬, 黄锋, 金成昊, 刘星辰. 空洞对隧道结构安全影响试验与模拟[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(5): 119-126.
[4]	游波, 毛聪, 施式亮, 刘何清, 鲁义, 李敏. 矿用通风服微空间环境变化特征研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(5): 185-193.
[5]	洪林, 王文静, 高大猛, 郭英超, 马鸿海. 低温氮吸附中煤阶对临界填充孔径的影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(4): 51-58.
[6]	金洪松, 易富, 戚旭鹏, 于汇泽, 杜常博, 于犇. 加筋尾矿稳定性及界面剪切模型[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(4): 86-92.
[7]	吴学海, 李波波, 高政, 许江, 付佳乐. 气体压力降低对煤岩变形和渗流的影响机制[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(4): 129-134.
[8]	冯全, 张明锐, 龚俊辉. 辐射热流下定向刨花板热解自燃试验及数值模拟[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(3): 137-143.
[9]	钟凯琪, 肖旸, 芦星, 邓军. 煤火热能TPCT提取正交试验设计与极差分析^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(9): 135-141.
[10]	耿琦, 王维莉. 考虑小群体行为的建筑疏散试验研究^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(8): 172-179.
[11]	沈阳, 徐磊, 王少纯. 基于风险管理的整体钢平台变形预警指标研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(6): 56-63.
[12]	赵国辉, 潘佑东. 高矮塔斜拉桥横向减震体系关键参数联合优化[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(4): 72-80.
[13]	朱豪豪, 郭海林, ZHUMAKELDI A. 外力作用下管道内表面缺陷处裂纹扩展研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(3): 66-72.
[14]	王宇, 邢佳, 周盈彤. 不同温度下超高层建筑窗口火蔓延模拟分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(3): 121-127.
[15]	钱宇彬, 祝琳, 王清平, 肖凌云, 高志俊. 汽车后排座椅侧气囊仿真系统参数优化研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(2): 48-54.