中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 198-205.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.01.0137

• 应急技术与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

农村突发公共卫生事件应急医疗设施选址研究

安敏1,2,3(), 滕明月4, 安慧4, 杨雯晶4   

  1. 1 三峡大学 湖北省水电工程施工与管理重点实验室,湖北 宜昌 443002
    2 三峡大学 经济与管理学院,湖北 宜昌 443002
    3 三峡大学 水库移民研究中心,湖北 宜昌 443002
    4 三峡大学 水利与环境学院,湖北 宜昌 443002
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-15 修回日期:2022-11-05 出版日期:2023-01-28 发布日期:2023-07-28
  • 作者简介:

    安敏 (1991—),女,河南新乡人,博士,讲师,主要从事区域经济、资源环境管理方面的研究。E-mail:

    安慧,副教授

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目资助(72004116); 湖北省人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(2021-SDSG-05); 2021年湖北省教育厅科学研究计划资助项目中青年人才项目(Q20211211); 水库移民研究中心湖北省高校人文社科重点研究基地开放基金资助(2020KF10)

Study on site selection of emergency medical facilities for rural public health emergencies

AN Min1,2,3(), TENG Mingyue4, AN Hui4, YANG Wenjing4   

  1. 1 Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Hydropower Engineering Construction and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Hubei 443002, China
    2 School of Economics and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Hubei 443002, China
    3 Reservoir Resettlement Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Hubei 443002, China
    4 School of Water Conservancy and Environment, China Three Gorges University, Yichang Hubei 443002, China
  • Received:2022-09-15 Revised:2022-11-05 Online:2023-01-28 Published:2023-07-28

摘要:

为提高农村突发公共卫生事件应急医疗设施选址决策的科学性,基于新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情传播迅速,危害性强的突发公共卫生事件特征,依据应急医疗设施设计标准并兼顾农村医疗预算少、应急道路崎岖的特点,首先,选取设施备选地工程地质条件、单位成本、传染率、抵达时间、场所规模以及服务覆盖区域6项影响因素,将熵值法(EVM)和层次分析法(AHP)有效结合确定影响因素权重;其次,建立考虑患者到应急医疗设施的距离之和最小以及所选择应急医疗设施的综合评价值最优的多目标选址模型;然后,设计改进的粒子群优化(IPSO)算法求解模型,得到选址决策;最后,选取天门市部分村庄进行实证分析,以验证模型算法的有效性。结果表明:传染率和单位成本是建设应急医疗设施主要影响因素,IPSO算法选取3个应急医疗设施,能够满足8个村庄患者的治疗需求,并保证患者在4~7 min内就医,为高效开展疫情防控活动提供保障。

关键词: 农村, 突发公共卫生事件, 应急医疗设施, 多目标规划, 改进的粒子群优化(IPSO)算法

Abstract:

In order to improve the scientificity of site selection decision-making of emergency medical facilities for rural public health emergencies, based on the characteristics of public health emergencies with rapid spread and strong harmfulness of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19), according to the design standards of emergency medical facilities, taking into account the characteristics of small rural medical budget and rugged emergency roads, firstly, six influencing factors of engineering geological conditions, unit cost, infection rate, arrival time, site scale and service coverage area of alternative sites of facilities were selected. The Entropy value method(EVM) method and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method were effectively combined to determine the weight of influencing factors. Secondly,a multi-objective location model considering the minimum sum of the distance from patients to emergency medical facilities and the optimal comprehensive evaluation value of the selected emergency medical facilities was established. Then, an IPSO algorithm was designed to solve the model and get the location decision. Finally, some villages in Tianmen city were selected for empirical analysis to verify the effectiveness of the model algorithm. The results show that infection rate and unit cost are the main influencing factors for the construction of emergency medical facilities. IPSO algorithm selects three emergency medical facilities, which can meet the treatment needs of patients in eight villages, and ensure that patients can seek medical treatment within 4-7 minutes,providing guarantee for efficient epidemic prevention and control activities.

Key words: village, public health emergency, emergency medical facilities, multi-objective planning, improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO) algorithm