基于KAP理论的大学生网络安全教育研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.05.1987

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为改善大学生网络安全教育现状,提高大学生网络安全教育水平,结合知识-态度-行为(KAP)理论,构建大学生安全教育KAP模型;通过问卷发放和筛选,获取659份有效问卷;采用结构方程模型(SEM)检验网络安全教育对网络安全认知、网络安全态度、网络安全行为的影响,以及可能存在的中介作用影响路径。结果表明:网络安全教育显著影响网络安全认知、网络安全态度、网络安全行为,其中,网络安全认知、网络安全态度起到独立中介及链式中介作用;法律道德教育、知识教育、实践活动、榜样引领均能直接影响网络安全行为,其中,法律道德教育对网络安全行为的影响最强,知识教育次之,实践活动和榜样引领最弱。在具体作用路径方面,法律道德教育主要通过直接效应来影响网络安全行为,知识教育、实践活动、榜样引领主要通过安全认知间接影响网络安全行为。

关键词: 知识-态度-行为(KAP), 网络安全教育, 法律道德教育, 实践活动, 榜样引领, 结构方程模型(SEM)

Abstract:

In order to improve the situation of network security education and the quality of network security education in colleges and universities, a cognitive-attitude-behavior theoretical model of college students was constructed. Through the distribution and screening of questionnaires, 659 valid questionnaires were obtained. SEM was used to test the influence of network security education on network security cognition, network security attitude and network security behavior in the collected data. The results show that network security education can have a significant influence on network security cognition, network security attitude and network security behavior. During the influenced process, network security cognition and network security attitude play an independent and chain intermediary role. Legal and moral education, knowledge education, practical activities, and leading by example can directly affect network security behavior. Legal and moral education has the strongest influence, followed by knowledge education. Practical activities and leading by example are the weakest. In terms of specific paths of process, legal and moral education mainly affects network security behavior through direct effect, while knowledge education, practical activities and leading by example mainly affect network security behavior indirectly through security cognition.

Key words: knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP) theory, network security education, legal and moral education, practical activities, leading by example, structural equation model(SEM)

中图分类号:

X925安全教育学

李媛媛, 袁玉林, 随力瑞. 基于KAP理论的大学生网络安全教育研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(5): 1-8.

LI Yuanyuan, YUAN Yulin, SUI Lirui. Study on network security education of college students based on KAP theory[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(5): 1-8.

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量表维度	潜变量	Cronbach's系数 α值	KMO值	CR	AVE
网络安全教育A	法律道德A₁	0.948	0.775	0.948	0.858
	知识教育A₂	0.941	0.769	0.941	0.842
	实践活动A₃	0.923	0.727	0.927	0.81
	榜样引领A₄	0.96	0.779	0.96	0.889
网络安全认知B	—	0.902	0.739	0.905	0.760
网络安全态度C	—	0.892	0.734	0.895	0.740
网络安全行为D	安全行为D₁	0.907	0.843	0.908	0.712
	安全行为C₁	0.899	0.835	0.882	0.714
	安全行为P₁	0.781	0.683	0.79	0.558
	安全行为N₁	0.814	0.698	0.817	0.601
	安全行为V₁	0.856	0.73	0.856	0.665

变量	M	S	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	B	C	D
A₁	3.78	0.90	1	—	—	—	—	—	—
A₂	3.31	0.96	—	1	—	—	—	—	—
A₃	3.20	1.02	—	—	1	—	—	—	—
A₄	3.19	1.00	—	—	—	1	—	—	—
B	4.02	0.76	0.432^**	0.436^**	0.391^**	0.419^**	1	—	—
C	4.28	0.72	0.331^**	0.254^**	0.025^**	0.308^**	0.579^**	1	—
D	3.83	0.54	0.391^**	0.335^**	0.293^**	0.288^**	0.480^**	0.341^**	1

标准化系数显著性	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	B	C	D
A₁	0	—	—	—	—	—	—
A₂	—	0	—	—	—	—	—
A₃	—	—	0	—	—	—	—
A₄	—	—	—	0	—	—	—
B	0.371^***	0.352^***	0.285^***	0.309^***	0	—	—
C	0.094^***	0.004^***	0.012^***	0.058^***	0.593^***	0	—
D	0.152^***	0.086^***	0.042^***	0.038^***	0.223^***	0.193^***	0

路径	效应值 β	置信区间下限	置信区间上限	效应占比/%
A→D总效应	0.269			—
A→D直接效应	0.130	0.081	0.176	48.33
A→D总中介效应	0.139	0.096	0.186	51.67
A→B→D	0.068	0.039	0.097	25.28
A→C→D	0.011	-0.002	0.026	4.09
A→B→C→D	0.060	0.037	0.090	22.30

路径	效应值 β	置信区间下限	置信区间上限	效应占比/%
A₁→D总效应	0.243			—
A₁→D直接效应	0.123	0.08	0.167	50.6
A₁→D总中介效应	0.120	0.082	0.161	49.4
A₁→B→D	0.059	0.037	0.83	24.3
A₁→C→D	0.015	0.004	0.029	6.2
A₁→B→C→D	0.046	0.026	0.07	18.9
A₂→D总效应	0.180			—
A₂→D直接效应	0.069	0.028	0.11	38.3
A₂→D总中介效应	0.111	0.097	0.149	61.7
A₂→B→D	0.06	0.038	0.084	33.3
A₂→C→D	0.001	-0.01	0.013	0.6
A₂→B→C→D	0.05	0.03	0.073	27.8
A₃→D总效应	0.139			—
A₃→D直接效应	0.042	0.006	0.079	30.2
A₃→D总中介效应	0.097	0.068	0.128	69.8
A₃→B→D	0.054	0.036	0.073	38.8
A₃→C→D	0.003	-0.008	0.014	2.2
A₃→B→C→D	0.04	0.03	0.073	28.8
A₄→D总效应	0.152			—
A₄→D直接效应	0.038	0.001	0.077	25.0
A₄→D总中介效应	0.114	0.079	0.152	75.0
A₄→B→D	0.06	0.04	0.083	39.5
A₄→C→D	0.013	0.002	0.025	8.6
A₄→B→C→D	0.041	0.024	0.063	27.0