基于控制试验的行人流特性模型及失稳研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.01.0895

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 146-153.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.01.0895

基于控制试验的行人流特性模型及失稳研究

郑韬¹^,²(), 周继彪³^,⁴, 毛新华¹^,²^,^**(), 董升⁵, 张振亚⁵

¹ 长安大学运输工程学院,陕西西安 710064
² 长安大学道路基础设施数字化教育部工程研究中心,陕西西安 710064
³ 同济大学交通运输工程学院, 上海 210804
⁴ 宁波市高等级公路建设管理中心,浙江宁波 315199
⁵ 宁波工程学院建筑与交通工程学院,浙江宁波 315211

收稿日期:2024-08-10 修回日期:2024-10-11 出版日期:2025-01-28
通信作者:
**毛新华(1986—),男,江苏海门人,博士,副教授,主要从事交通韧性优化等方面的研究。E-mail:maoxinhua@chd.edu.cn。
作者简介:
郑韬 (2000—),男,浙江宁波人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为交通运输规划与管理。E-mail:zhengtao@chd.edu.cn。
周继彪副教授
毛新华副教授
董升副教授
张振亚副教授
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(52002282); 国家自然科学基金资助(52102374)

Research on pedestrian flow characteristic model and instability based on controlled experiment

ZHENG Tao¹^,²(), ZHOU Jibiao³^,⁴, MAO Xinhua¹^,²^,^**(), DONG Sheng⁵, ZHANG Zhenya⁵

¹ School of Transportation Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710064, China
² Engineering Research Center of Highway Infrastructure Digitalization, Chang'an University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710064, China
³ School of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
⁴ Ningbo High Grade Highway Construction Management, Ningbo Zhejiang 315199, China
⁵ School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo Zhejiang 315211, China

Received:2024-08-10 Revised:2024-10-11 Published:2025-01-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究行人流失稳的阈值条件,开展双人碰撞、多人碰撞和高密度多人碰撞3种不同场景的控制试验,构建考虑碰撞挤压力、速度、密度、流量的行人流模型;通过无人机与压力传感设备采集试验数据,分析得到行人轨迹、行人流特性及行人间碰撞挤压力的变化特征;在此基础上,利用分段Hermite三次插值法,探究速度、密度对碰撞挤压力大小的影响;基于Van Aerde模型,引入碰撞挤压力参数,构建力-速度-密度-流量四维模型,判断行人流失稳的阈值条件。结果表明: 当行人密度达2.46人/m²,行人流开始失稳;当行人密度达3.59人/m²,行人流完全失稳;失稳过程中,行人受到的碰撞挤压力区间为[187.32, 258.11]N。

关键词: 行人交通安全, 控制试验, 行人流失稳, 行人流特性, 碰撞挤压力

Abstract:

In order to investigate the threshold conditions for pedestrian destabilization, controlled experiments were conducted in three different scenarios, including "two-person collision experiment", "multiple-person collision experiment" and "high-density multiple-person collision experiment". A pedestrian flow model was constructed, considering collision pressure, speed, density and volume. Additionally, experimental videos and collision pressure data were collected by using an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)and pressure sensing equipment, respectively. The changing rules of pedestrian trajectory, pedestrian flow characteristics, and collision pressure were obtained by data analysis. On this basis, the segmented Hermite triple interpolation was used to investigate the influence of speed and density on collision pressure. Finally, based on the Van Aerde model, a four-dimensional model of "pressure-speed-density-volume" was constructed by introducing the parameters of collision pressure to judge the threshold conditions of pedestrian flow instability. The results show that pedestrian flow begins at 2.46 persons/m² and reaches complete instability at 3.59 persons/m². During the instability process, the pedestrian may be subjected to the collision pressure ranging from 187.32 N to 258.11 N. The results provide references for the control of the pedestrian flow and the improvement of pedestrian traffic safety.

Key words: pedestrian traffic safety, controlled experiments, pedestrian flow instability, pedestrian flow characteristics, collision pressure

中图分类号:

X915.2安全社会学

郑韬, 周继彪, 毛新华, 董升, 张振亚. 基于控制试验的行人流特性模型及失稳研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(1): 146-153.

ZHENG Tao, ZHOU Jibiao, MAO Xinhua, DONG Sheng, ZHANG Zhenya. Research on pedestrian flow characteristic model and instability based on controlled experiment[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(1): 146-153.

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基于控制试验的行人流特性模型及失稳研究

Research on pedestrian flow characteristic model and instability based on controlled experiment

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