中国安全科学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 168-177.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.12.0514

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

山岳型景区旅游安全风险评估:以北京市为例

刘伟1(), 代萍1, 赵方雷2, 崔可欣2   

  1. 1 中国矿业大学(北京) 应急管理与安全工程学院,北京 100083
    2 思睿致远信息咨询(北京) 有限公司,北京 100006
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-10 修回日期:2024-09-20 出版日期:2025-01-22
  • 作者简介:

    刘 伟 (1985—),男,安徽宁国人,博士,教授,主要从事安全科学与工程方面的研究。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(52074303)

Tourism safety risk assessment in mountainous scenic areas: a case study of Beijing

LIU Wei1(), DAI Ping1, ZHAO Fanglei2, CUI Kexin2   

  1. 1 School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    2 Sirui Zhiyuan Information Consulting (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100006, China
  • Received:2024-07-10 Revised:2024-09-20 Published:2025-01-22

摘要:

为消除山岳型景区安全风险复杂性和不确定性对景区运营安全的影响,提出一种山岳型景区风险评估方法。首先,识别山岳型景区风险因素,从人员、设备设施、环境和管理4个方面,构建山岳型景区风险评估指标体系;然后,构建模糊贝叶斯网络(FBN)模型评估风险概率,构建层次分析(AHP)模型评估风险损失,并提出一种改进的最低合理可行(ALARP)准则,评估山岳型景区综合安全风险;最后,以北京市山岳型景区的安全风险评估为例,验证该风险评估方法的科学性和有效性。研究结果表明:基于贝叶斯网络(BN)的山岳型景区风险评估方法,能够有效解决山岳型景区风险因素复杂且各个层级之间存在依赖关系的问题;BN与三角模糊数的结合,既能充分利用专家经验,又可在一定程度上避免专家意见的主观性;山岳型景区关键风险因素为危险游乐设施检测不到位、森林防火设施配置/设置不足、危险游乐项目防护围栏设置不到位、落石与山体滑坡等。

关键词: 山岳型景区, 安全风险评估, 指标体系, 模糊贝叶斯网络(FBN), 层次分析(AHP), 最低合理可行准则(ALARP)

Abstract:

To eliminate the impact of complexity and uncertainty of safety risks in mountainous scenic areas on operational safety, a risk assessment method for mountainous scenic areas was proposed. Firstly, risk factors in mountainous scenic areas were identified to develop a risk assessment index system including personnel, equipment and facilities, environment, and management. Then, FBN and AHP models were proposed to evaluate risk probabilities and losses. Moreover, an improved ALARP criterion was used to analyze the comprehensive safety risk of mountainous scenic areas. Finally, the performance and effectiveness of the risk assessment method were validated against safety risk assessment in mountainous scenic areas in Beijing. The results indicated that the BN-based risk assessment method for mountainous scenic areas effectively addressed the issue of complex risk factors and interdependent relationships between each level. The combination of BN and triangular fuzzy number can make full use of expert experience and avoid the subjectivity of expert opinions to a certain extent. The key risk factors in mountainous scenic areas were inadequate detection of dangerous amusement facilities, insufficient configuration or arrangement of forest fire prevention facilities, inadequate protective fencing for hazardous amusement projects, and rockfalls and landslides.

Key words: mountainous scenic areas, safety risk assessment, index system, fuzzy Bayesian network (FBN), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP)

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