基于云案例推理的隧道高地温防控措施智能生成

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.05.0744

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决高地温隧道施工安全防控措施建立过程中存在的模糊性与应用范围的局限性问题,提出一种基于云案例推理(C-CBR)的隧道高地温防控措施生成方法。首先,针对隧道高地温热害问题构建云案例库指标体系,并结合层次分析法(AHP)-熵权法进行综合权重计算;其次,基于云模型期望、熵、超熵3项基本特征指标与案例推理(CBR)原理构建云历史案例库,运用协同过滤算法初步筛选符合要求的历史案例;然后,引入统筹形状-距离的云模型算法实现目标案例与历史案例库间的相似度匹配,修正相似度并更新历史案例库,生成最优相似防控措施;最后,充分对比最优相似防控措施与现场实际防控措施。结果表明:基于C-CBR生成的最优历史案例与目标案例间修正相似度为0.746 0,匹配度较好,目标案例相似防控措施与工程实际防控措施基本符合,生成方法可较好地适用于不同在建高地温隧道。

关键词: 云案例推理(C-CBR), 高地温隧道, 防控措施, 云模型, 综合相似度

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of ambiguity and limitation of application scope in the establishment of safety prevention and control measures for high-temperature tunnel construction, a method of generating prevention and control measures for high-temperature tunnels based on C-CBR is proposed. Firstly, the index system of the cloud case base is constructed for the tunnel high ground temperature and heat damage problem and combined with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-entropy weighting method for the comprehensive weighting calculation. Secondly, the cloud historical case base is constructed based on the three basic characteristic indexes of the cloud model, namely expectation, entropy, and hyperentropy, and the principle of case-based reasoning, and the collaborative filtering algorithm is applied to preliminarily filter the historical cases which are in line with the requirements. And then, the cloud model algorithm which integrates the shape-distance is introduced to achieve the integration between target cases and historical case base. Then, the integrated shape-distance cloud model algorithm is introduced to achieve similarity matching between the target cases and the historical case base, to correct the similarity and update the historical case base to generate the optimal similarity prevention and control measures; finally, the optimal similarity prevention and control measures are fully compared with the actual prevention and control measures in the field. The results show that the corrected similarity between the optimal historical case and the target case generated based on C-CBR is 0.746 0, which is a good match, and the the target case similar prevention and control measures are basically in line with the actual prevention and control measures of the project, which makes the generation method more applicable to different tunnels with high ground temperatures under construction.

Key words: cloud case-based reasoning(C-CBR), high-ground-temperature tunnels, prevention and control measures, cloud model, comprehensive similarity

中图分类号:

X948

王景春, 田思奥. 基于云案例推理的隧道高地温防控措施智能生成[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(5): 47-55.

WANG Jingchun, TIAN Siao. Intelligent generation of tunnel high ground temperature prevention and control measures based on cloud case-based reasoning[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(5): 47-55.

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指标名称	表征类型	定量表示
地质构造B₁	文本型	(0~10)
隧道特征B₂	文本型	(0~10)
施工机械和材料B₃	文本型	(0~10)
施工技术和管理B₄	文本型	(0~10)
地壳局部高地温热源B₁₁	符号型	(否,是)→(0,1)
地表恒温层温度B₁₂/℃	数值型	(0~20)→(0~10)
断层和裂隙发育程度B₁₃	枚举型	(不发育,较为发育,发育, 极度发育)→(2,4,6,8)
地质水文条件B₁₄	枚举型	(弱富水,中等富水,富水, 强富水)→(2,4,6,8)
隧道埋深B₂₁/m	数值型	(0~3 000)→(0~10)
隧道长度B₂₂/m	数值型	(0~40 000)→(0~10)
隧道跨度B₂₃/m	数值型	(0~20)→(0~10)
隧道内空气温度B₂₄/℃	数值型	(0~100)→(0~10)
围岩级别B₂₅	枚举型	(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ)→ (2~4,4~6,6~8,8~10)
爆破器材耐高温状况B₃₁/℃	枚举型	(120,90,70,50)→ (2~4,4~6,6~8,8~10)
机械设备防高温措施B₃₂	文本型	(0~10)
采用耐高温材料B₃₃	符号型	(是,否)→(0,1)
施工电缆耐热性B₃₄/℃	枚举型	(120,90,70,50)→ (2~4,4~6,6~8,8~10)
施工监控测量B₄₁	文本型	(0~10)
岩爆防控措施B₄₂	文本型	(0~10)
通风排水措施B₄₃	文本型	(0~10)
隧道内降温除湿措施B₄₄	文本型	(0~10)
个体防护和人员管理B₄₅	文本型	(0~10)
设备使用安全管理B₄₆	文本型	(0~10)

特征属性	C₀	C₁	C₂	C₃	综合权重ω_i
B₁₁	否	是	是	是	0.087 9
B₁₂/℃	10.4	11.8	12	14	0.076 1
B₁₃	发育	极度发育	发育	发育	0.082 4
B₁₄	富水	富水	富水	富水	0.101 0
B₂₁/m	1 227	1 350	2 099	1 151	0.048 4
B₂₂/m	8 427	16 449	31 676	34 538	0.043 3
B₂₃/m	11.5	9.5	10.89	9.03	0.026 1
B₂₄/℃	9.1~42.3	32~89	12~54.7	22~60	0.084 5
B₂₅	Ⅲ级	Ⅱ级	Ⅲ级	Ⅱ级	0.073 8
B₃₁/℃	耐80高温	耐120高温	耐120高温	耐120高温	0.022 9
B₃₂	隔热降温	机械降温	隔热降温	隔热降温	0.066 1
B₃₃	是	是	是	是	0.039 1
B₃₄/℃	耐70高温	耐90高温	耐70高温	耐70高温	0.038 7
B₄₁	是	是	是	是	0.034 0
B₄₂	喷射混凝土、防护网、锚杆	喷射混凝土、防护网、锚杆、钢架	喷射混凝土、防护网、锚杆	喷射混凝土、防护网、锚杆	0.046 8
B₄₃	机械通风	机械通风	机械通风	机械通风	0.031 4
B₄₄	通风、冰块和低温水降温	通风、洒水、制冰和工业空调降温	通风、洒水喷雾和冰块降温、超前帷幕注浆	通风和冰块降温、注浆封堵热水、机械制冷	0.050 7
B₄₅	供氧、配备冷却背心及药品等应急物资	供氧、配备冷却背心及药品等应急物资	供氧、配备冷却背心及药品等应急物资	供氧、配备冷却背心及药品等应急物资	0.015 4
B₄₆	合理安排使用时间、增加设备配置数量	合理安排使用时间、增加设备配置数量	合理安排使用时间、增加设备配置数量	合理安排使用时间、增加设备配置数量	0.022 6

案例	(E_x, E_n, H_e)	SCM	DMC	综合相似度	修正相似度
C₀	(5.721 9,2.349 5, 0.724 3)	1	1	1	1
C₁	(6.805 9,2.235 0, 0.573 7)	0.938 5	0.814 3	0.764 2	0.642 5
C₂	(6.352 4,1.984 1, 0.877 7)	0.882 4	0.938 6	0.828 2	0.746 0
C₃	(6.478 2,2.223 3, 0.478 2)	0.925 0	0.815	0.753 9	0.665 9

案例	防控措施
案例	工程措施	建筑材料选择	爆破器材选择
C₀	通风、局部冰块降温、隔热管等	喷射或模筑混凝土、隔热层、封闭隔热材料	导爆管、导爆索(耐80℃)
C₂	通风、冰块降温或机械制冷、超前帷幕注浆等	喷射或模筑混凝土、隔热层、封闭隔热材料	导爆管、导爆索(耐120℃),反向起爆