LNG船舶海上运输安全研究现状及进展

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2017.05.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为保障LNG船舶航行及装卸过程中的安全,开展LNG船舶历史安全事故数据分析以及相关文献调研。通过分析发现,目前对LNG海运安全的相关研究主要从LNG船舶安全区域设置、航道适应性与航道效能、锚泊与系泊、LNG船舶操纵、LNG泄漏后果建模分析、风险识别与安全评估等6个方面展开。大部分研究方法引入数学模型,并逐步向定量化方向发展,充分利用仿真与实测数据,提高了分析的可靠性,但仍需要进一步完善与拓展分析模型,形成智能化的安全评估终端。此外,LNG船舶自身及装载方式的发展将会给LNG船舶安全带来一些新问题,需要关注。

关键词: LNG船舶, 安全事故分析, 安全评估, 风险识别, 研究现状

Abstract: To keep LNG ships safe during navigating, loading and unloading, the data on LNG ship accidents were statistically analyzed and the related literatures were reviewed. The analysis reveals that the researches on LNG ship maritime transport safety in the existing literatures mainly focused on six fields, including LNG ship security zone settings, channel adaptation and channel performance, anchoring and mooring, LNG ship handling, LNG leak consequence modeling analysis, and risk identification and safety assessment,that most of the current methodologies incorporate mathematical models, and are gradually developing towards quantification analysis, that simulation and test data are used fully, which can enhance the reliability,that further improvement and expansion are needed for these models to form an intelligent safety evaluation terminal,and that changes in both LNG ships and their loading way will bring new problems of safety, to which a great deal of attention should be paid.

Key words: LNG ships, safety accident analysis, safety evaluation, risk identificaiton, research status

中图分类号:

X951

聂细亮, 刘强, 李国帅, 戴冉. LNG船舶海上运输安全研究现状及进展[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2017, 27(5): 87-92.

NIE Xiliang, LIU Qiang, LI Guoshuai, DAI Ran. Status quo of and progress in research on LNG ship maritime transport safety[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2017, 27(5): 87-92.

参考文献

[1] IKEALUMBA W C, WU H. Some recent advances in liquefied natural gas production, spill, dispersion, and safety [J]. Energy & Fuels, 2014, 28(6): 3 556-3 586.
[2] 侯明扬. 2015年全球LNG市场特点及前景展望[J]. 国际石油经济, 2016, 24(3): 84-89.
HOU Mingyang.Global LNG market status and prospects in 2015 [J]. International Petroleum Economics, 2016, 24(3): 84-89.
[3] 张欢. LNG船舶进出港过程中安全区探究[D]. 大连: 大连海事大学, 2015.
ZHANG Huan. The study of safety zone when LNG ship entering and leaving port [D]. Dalian: Dalian Maritime University, 2015.
[4] 庄学强,高孝洪,孙迪. 液化天然气船舶事故性泄漏扩散过程综述[J]. 中国航海, 2008, 31(3): 280-283.
ZHUANG Xueqiang, GAO Xiaohong, SUN Di. Research on accident leakage and diffusion process of LNG vessel [J]. Navigation of China, 2008, 31(3): 280-283.
[5] VANEM E, ANTAO P, ØSTVIK I, et al. Analysing the risk of LNG carrier operations [J]. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 2008, 93(9): 1 328-1 344.
[6] 段玉龙,胡以怀. LNG船舶事故分析及风险控制[J]. 航海工程, 2013, 42(3): 191-194.
DUAN Yulong, HU Yihuai. Accidents analysis and risk control for LNG ships [J]. Ship & Ocean Engineering, 2013, 42(3):191-194.
[7] 甘浩亮. 港口水域LNG船舶交通组织优化研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2012.
GAN Haoliang. The study on traffic organization and optimization of LNG vessel in port waters [D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2012.
[8] 文元桥,王乐,杨雪,等. LNG船舶停泊安全区域宽度计算建模[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2014, 24(5): 73-78.
WEN Yuanqiao, WANG Le, YANG Xue, et al. A quantitative model for establishing width of safe LNG carrier berth zone[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2014, 24(5): 73-78.
[9] 王超敏. LNG船舶进出港航道适应性研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2011.
WANG Chaomin. The study on channel adaptability of LNG ship entrying and exiting port [D].Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2011.
[10] 郭威治. 大型LNG船舶节约型航道宽度研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大学, 2011.
GUO Weizhi. The study on the economical channel width for very large LNG carrier [D].Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2011.
[11] 邬惠国,刘春姣,肖英杰. 基于格序决策理论的LNG船舶进出港组织方案比选[J]. 上海海事大学学报, 2012,33(2):10-13.
WU Huiguo, LIU Chunjiao, XIAO Yingjie. Organization scheme selection for arrival and departure of LNG vessels based on lattice order decision-making theory [J].Journal of Shanghai Maritime University, 2012, 33(2): 10-13.
[12] 张晓东,张浩,陈伟炯,等. 基于干扰排队模型的LNG船舶进出港效率分析[J]. 上海海事大学学报, 2014, 35(1): 6-9.
ZHANG Xiaodong, ZHANG Hao, CHEN Weijiong, et al. Efficiency analysis of liquefied natural gas carrier entering and leaving port based on queueing model with interference [J]. Journal of Shanghai Maritime University, 2014, 35(1): 6-9.
[13] 李红亮,杨传波. LNG船舶进出港对珠海港主航道通过能力影响[J]. 水运工程, 2013(6): 85-88.
LI Hongliang, YANG Chuanbo. Impact analysis of channel capacity of LNG ships' entering and leaving port of Zhuhai [J]. Port & Waterway Engineering, 2013 (6): 85-88.
[14] MOLEN W, LIGTERINGEN H, LEM J C, et al. Behavior of a moored LNG ship in swell waves [J]. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 2003, 129(1): 15-21.
[15] 高峰,王炜郑,李炎. 大型LNG船舶在风浪流共同作用下的系泊试验研究[J]. 水道港口, 2013, 34(5): 398-402.
GAO Feng, WANG Weizheng, LI Yan. Experimental study of mooring under combined action of wind, wave and current for large LNG ships [J]. Journal of Waterway and Harbor, 2013, 34(5): 398-402.
[16] MAIMUN A, PRIYANTO A, RAHIMUDDIN, et al. A mathematical model on manoeuvrability of a LNG tanker invicinity of bank in restricted water [J]. Safety Science, 2013, 53(2): 34-44.
[17] 刘轶华,肖英杰. 基于大型船舶操纵模拟器的洋口港LNG船舶靠离泊风险评估[J]. 武汉理工大学学报:交通科学与工程版, 2014, 38(2): 290-293.
LIU Yihua, XIAO Yingjie. Risk evaluation of berthing and departing of LNG vessel for Yangkou port based on ship handling simulator [J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology :Transportation Science & Engineering, 2014, 38(2): 290-293.
[18] 徐东星,张秀凤,刘春雷,等. 大型LNG船舶四自由度运动建模与仿真[J]. 上海船舶运输科学研究所学报, 2015, 38(3): 15-19.
XU Dongxing, ZHANG Xiufeng, LIU Chunlei, et al. 4-DOF modeling and simulation of large LNG ship [J]. Journal of Shanghai Ship and Shipping Research Institute, 2015, 38(3): 15-19.
[19] HIGHTOWER M, GRITZO L, LUKETA-HANLIN A. Safety implications of a large LNG tanker spill over water [J]. Process Safety Progress, 2005, 24(3): 168-174.
[20] JOHNSON D W, CORNWELL J B. Modeling the release, spreading, and burning of LNG, LPG, and gasoling on water[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007, 140(3): 535-540.
[21] HISSONG D W. Keys to modeling LNG spill on water [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007, 140(3): 465-477.
[22] CLEAVER P, JOHNSON M, HO B. A summary of some experimental data on LNG safty [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007, 140(3): 429-438.
[23] KIM H, KOH J S, KIM Y, THEOFANOUS T G. Risk assessment of membrane type LNG storage tanks in Korea-based on fault tree analysis [J]. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2005, 22(1): 1-8.
[24] 王海蓉,马晓茜. Fuzzy-AHP模型在LNG接收站风险辨识中的应用[J]. 中国安全科学学报,2007, 17(3): 131-135.
WANG Hairong, MA Xiaoqian. Application of Fuzzy-AHP model in the risk identification of LNG gas station [J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2007, 17(3): 131-135.
[25] ELSAYED T. Fuzzy inference system for the risk assessment of liquefied natural gas carriers during loading/offloading at terminals [J]. Applied Ocean Research, 2009, 31(3): 179-185.
[26] 白响恩,肖英杰,郑剑,等. 基于解释结构模型的LNG船舶进出港风险因素分析[J]. 上海海事大学学报, 2013,34(4):8-12.
BAI Xiang'en, XIAO Yingjie, ZHENG Jian, et al. Risk factor analysis on LNG carrier entering or leaving port based on interpretative structural modeling [J]. Journal of Shanghai Maritime University, 2013, 34(4): 8-12.
[27] 张青松. 港口水域LNG罐箱运输定量风险评价[J]. 天然气工业,2009, 29(1): 114-116.
ZHANG Qingsong. Quantitative risk assessment approach in LNG tank shipping container in port water area [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2009, 29(1): 114-116.
[28] BUBBICO R, CAVE S D, MAZZAROTTA B. Preliminary risk analysis for LNG tankers approaching a maritime terminal [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2009, 22(5): 634-638.
[29] NWAOHA T C, YANG Z, WANG J, et al. Adoption of new advanced computational techniques to hazards ranking in LNG carrier operations [J]. Ocean Engineering, 2013, 72(11): 31-44.
[30] 侯明扬. 全球LNG市场发展现状、特点及前景分析[J]. 国际石油经济, 2014, 22(6): 64-69.
HOU Mingyang. Global LNG market status, characteristics and prospects [J]. International Petroleum Economics, 2014, 22(6): 64-69.