Abstract: The primary school pupils in public places are a kind of groups with high risk of casualties. In order to explore the characteristics of evacuation behaviors of primary school pupils, and to analyze the influence of social relations on their followership behaviors in emergency quantitatively, evacuation experiments were carried out for different grades of primary school students. The social network in normal and the followership network in emergency evacuation of students were created and visualized by introducing social network analysis methods. The new methods to calculate influence of social relations on students' followership behavior and to extract the leader during evacuation were proposed. The results show that the influence of social relations on followership behavior of primary school pupils is related to their age and gender, and the influence on high-grade pupils is greater than that on lower-grade pupils, that male pupils are more likely to become leaders, and more leaders may emerge among the lower-grade pupils compared to high-grade pupils by the same amounts, that part of the leaders in emergency are same to opinion leaders in normal circumstance, and that the movement speed as well as personality characteristics of individuals are factors influencing whether he could be a leader.

Key words: primary school pupils, emergency evacuation, social relations, following behavior, leader, social network analysis