Research on 4M barrier theory model construction and mechanism for risk management and control of power generation enterprises

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0006

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to effectively curb accidents, strengthen the guidance and support role of safety theory in power safety production, and overcome the mismatch between foreign theories and existing safety theory models that cannot meet the actual needs of complex power safety production, local characteristic power safety production management theories and models were constructed. Based on various advanced causal chains, causes of accidental energy release accidents, nuclear power protection barriers, and 4M barrier theories in China and abroad, combined with the objective reality of the safety production site of the power generation enterprise of CHN Energy Group and years of risk control experience, the reverse thinking of accidents (accident causes) and the positive thinking of risk pre-control (barrier control) were combined to propose the 4M barrier theory of machine & material, man, medium, and management in safety management of power generation enterprises. Through dynamic modeling, the internal accident evolution roots and prevention and control laws were analyzed, and the internal logical relationships of each element were sorted out. The results show that this theoretical model can provide a relatively systematic and new risk pre-control concept and methodology for power generation enterprises to establish a sound safety production risk management system by clarifying the risk and its barrier control objects and analyzing the accident development process and its causes.

Key words: power generation enterprises, risk control, machine & material, man, medium, management (4M) barrier theory, machine, man, medium, and management, dynamic modeling

CLC Number:

X913安全系统学

SONG Zhangjun. Research on 4M barrier theory model construction and mechanism for risk management and control of power generation enterprises[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(S1): 1-7.

Figures/Tables 4

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原因分类	原因的定义	模型中的定位
直接原因	与事故的发生有直接关系,不经过任何中间环节和因素,直接导致事故发生的事故致因因素。目前,学术界普遍认为的是人的不安全行为或物的不安全状态	在事故发生时,位于事故致因主链最末端的失效屏障因素
间接原因	通过第二者及以上因素或环节引发事故的事故致因因素。一般而言,包括非直接的各个内部屏障因素及外部环境的管控缺陷	在事故发生时,位于事故致因主链中间部分,对事故的发生起关键衔接作用的失效屏障因素
根本原因	在所有直接和间接事故致因原因中,起最终决定作用并影响事故致因主链形成的关键失效屏障节点,且带有一定必然性的事故致因因素	在事故发生时,位于事故致因链中最首端的共性失效屏障因素

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