China Safety Science Journal

Mechanism and methodology ofembedding organizational safety culture

WANG Bing, WU Chao

2018, 28(2): 1-7. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.001

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In order to improve the efficiency of the embedding organizational safety culture, the mechanism and methodology of the embedding organizational safety culture were researched by the literature analysis method and induction method. First of all, a definition of the embedding organizational safety culture was proposed, and its connotations were analyzed. Then, four basic issues of the embedding organizational safety culture (including basic objective, basic premise, basic principles and influencing factors) were abstracted and analyzed, and the nature of the embedding organizational safety culture was explained. Finally, an operation process model of the embedding organizational safety culture was created and analyzed, meanwhile, routes and their specific operation methods for the embedding organizational safety culture were discussed in detail. The results show that the main operation process of the embedding organizational safety culture includes five stages, such as a preparation stage (show), an apperceive stage (know) and a running-in stage (believe), and that there are seven routes for the embedding organizational safety culture, such as an education and inculcation route, a system guarantee route and an environment hint route.

Research on safety degree dissertations in China: topics and methods

LI Jie, LI Ping, CHEN Weijiong

2018, 28(2): 8-14. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.002

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In order to know the research topics distribution, topics evolution and methods of degree dissertations of safety science and engineering discipline in China, 5 756 dissertations were collected from the CNKI databases, and keywords frequency analysis, co-occurrence analysis were applied to analyze the data. The results show that the hot topics of safety degree dissertations are numerical simulation, safety assessment, analytic hierarchy process, indicators and etc, that the keywords can be divided into four clusters, safety assessment and management, fire and explosion, gas safety and spontaneous combustion of coal, that the topics evolution of the dissertations is stable in each period, and have focused on two parts, the soft aspect in safety assessment and the hard aspect in numerical simulation, that the hot methods that used in safety dissertations are numerical simulation, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and BP neural network and etc, that these methods could be clustered into three groups, including simulation, forecast and evaluation, and decision making, and that the fundamental research should be paid more attention in the future.

Study on drivers' compliance with variable speed limit signs under fog weather condition

WEN Huiying, ZHU Dianchen, QI Weiwei, FENG Zhongxiang

2018, 28(2): 15-20. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.003

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To investigate the drivers' compliance with VSL signs under a reduced visibility condition, a survey was conducted into 556 drivers by means of questionnaire. The method of exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the main factors affecting drivers' compliance with VSL instructions, including driver personal factors, driver's satisfaction level at the signs etc. A structure equation model was built for the relationships between these factors and drivers' compliance. The results reveal that the SEM model effective, that drivers' satisfactions level at the signs is the most significant factor positively affecting drivers' compliance with VSL instructions under fog weather, that age and driving experience have a positively significant effect on drivers' compliance, and that driver's compliance would be higher when they drive on a two-land road, while the effect of road type is not significant under an improved visibility condition.

Study on motorcycle drivers' intention to run red light

YANG Hongtai, SU Fan, LIU Xiaohan, PU Li, LI Yanlai, LIU Yugang

2018, 28(2): 21-27. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.004

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In order to improve the road safety, this paper studies red light running behavior intentions of motorcycle users by employing TPB. A survey questionnaire was designed and 160 valid responses were received. Best subset method was used to gain a best variable subset including attitude, perceived risk, past behavior, anticipated affect, license status and history of traffic accidents. Hierarchical regression was constructed to understand the explanatory power of the best subset with respect to red light running behavior intention, and related traffic safety interventions were presented. The results revealed that the best subset can explain 29.6% of the variance of the intention, attitude has the most significant positive effect on the intention, perceived risk has a significant negative effect on intention, and past behavior and license status also have significant positive effects at 0.1 signicance level, and that traffic safety intervention measures should be formulated by focusing on attitude and perceived risk of motorcycle users towards RLR behavior and regulations coming from traffic management departments.

Dynamic vulnerability identification of road network based on Logistic curve

LI Yanjin, LUO Xia

2018, 28(2): 28-33. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.005

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In order to explore temporal and spatial variation rules of traffic load on a road network in a burst environment, the production-dissipation process of emergency was studied by using the scenario analysis method. Then, the road network was divided into 2 sections: normal link set and incident link set. A dynamic traffic assignment model was built for the former by using the discrete method. A approximate model of traffic load was built by using the Logistic curve with 3 parameters for the latter. The "reverse"solving strategy was used to transform the network into a reactive discrete control system. The Lan-Filler decomposition algorithm was adopted for finding the dynamic solution. The result shows that road network vulnerability index varies with the emergency's production-dissipation process dynamically, that compared with the traditional methods, using the dynamic vulnerability identification model based on Logistic curve can ensure road network's topology structure unchanged and correctly identify each link's vulnerability on road network.

MIV-MA-KELM model based prediction of rockburst intensity grade

SHAO Liangshan, ZHOU Yu

2018, 28(2): 34-39. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.006

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In order to evaluate the rockburst intensity grade accurately and ensure safety of excavation engineering, a classification model based on MIV-MA-KELM was built. Firstly,the mechanism of rockburst occurrence was used to analyze the factors influencing the intensity grade and further determine the main evaluation indicators. Then,the MA was introduced to carry out an optimum selection of Kernel-based KELM parameters, and KELM was used to fit the nonlinear mapping relationship between the influencing factors and rockburst intensity. Finally, the MIV was used to calculate the weight of each indicator at 20% mediation rate, and indicators having a low weight were removed and the others were fed back to MA-KELM model for retraining and testing. According to the 68 sets of data from the Bayu tunnel, a series of comparative experiments were designed and carried out, and the model was applied to the prediction of rockburst intensity grade of Qinling Mountains tunnel. Experimental results show that the prediction results conform with the reality, and that the MIV-MA-KELM model can construct the indicators system more reasonably, and avoid local optimal solution, contributing to improving the classification accuracy.

Research on spatial sight distance computing method based on aerial survey data

HAO Huilong, LI Pingfan, HUANG Gang, SONG Yaoxin

2018, 28(2): 40-44. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.007

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The paper was aimed at exploring the influence of road spatial sight distance on the serious road traffic accidents. Firstly, a 3D model was built for the accident scene and the road shape data were restored according to the aerial image of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Then, a spatial sight distance computing method was worked out based on the 3D reconstruction model and the road shape restoration data. Next, an aerial survey data based spatial sight distance computing platform was built in Open Scene Graph(OSG). Finally, the method was used to analyzing a certain serious road accident which occurred in Guizhou in August 2016. The results show that the method worked out by the authors can be used to solve the spatial sight distance computing problems even if the road accessory facilities impacted the spatial sight distance, such as guardrail, signs and roadside landscape, impact the spatial sight distance, and road actual situation is inconsistent with the construction or as-built drawings.

Simulation research on emergency postures of pedestrians different in body type in pedestrian-vehicle accident

YIN Jun, ZHANG Daowen, XIAO Lingyun, ZHANG Peng, XIA Maoxu, HUANG Xianting

2018, 28(2): 51-56. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.009

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For the sake of reducing the damage to pedestrians in pedestrian-SUV collision accidents, a accident collision model was built by using Madymo, on the basis of the data on a typical accident case in the National Automobile Accident In-depth Investigation System (NAIS). The effectiveness of the model was proved. The damage to 5 percentile female dummies, and that to 50 and 95 percent male dummies in three emergency postures (forward, squat, standing) were studied by computer simulation testing.The results show that forward is a very dangerous posture, that taking a squat or a standing posture for middle and tall figure pedestrians is a good self-protection measures, and that small body pedestrians taking any of the three kinds of emergency postures usually receive a fatal injury.

Experimental study on spontaneous combustion characteristics of big pile of coal based F-K theory

ZHANG Xiaoming, WANG Yongjun, ZHANG Hemeng, SASAKI Kyuro

2018, 28(2): 57-63. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.010

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For the shake of studying the spontaneous combustion temperature of upscale low rank coal piles, experiments were made by means of a constant temperature heating system and a gas detection and analysis system among others. Based on the Frank-Kamenetskii boundary condition theory and the critical self-ignition temperature analysis method, the internal temperature, effect of water evaporation and energy conversion of coal pile were described. Then, the relationships between ambient temperature, oxidizing gas and coal spontaneous combustion tendency were examined. The results show that the water content of coal pile is an important factor leading to the appearing of a decreasing stage in the self-heating curve, and the duration of temperature decreasing depends on the position of the measuring point in the coal pile, that there is a positive correlation between the concentrations of gases produced by the oxidation reaction and the coal temperature, that under the condition of non self-ignition, the strongest stage of oxidation is the later stage of temperature rising process, that both natural convection and low temperature oxidation result in the reduction of coal pile volume, that the higher the ambient temperature, the greater the reduction will be, and that the critical self-ignition temperature theory can be effectively applied to the prediction of large volume coal pile spontaneous combustion.

Research on dynamic prediction of probability of offshore drilling platform blowout fire

WANG Yanfu, LI Biao, QIN Tao, ZHANG Biao

2018, 28(2): 64-68. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.011

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To predict the dynamic probability of blowout fire on offshore drilling platform,the main factors influencing blowout fire accident were identified using the safety barrier model. Then, a dynamic probability prediction model was built for blowout fire by integrating the relevant principles of SD. The simulation software Vensim was used to simulate the overall process of blowout fire accident, and a dynamic probability prediction formula was deduced for blowout fire by fitting the historical data and simulation data. The results show that there is a exponential functional relation between the probability of blowout fire and time, and a duration of 4 years will make the probability of blowout fire increase from 2.41×10^-6 to 3.997×10^-6,and that the deduced equation can be used to predict the dynamic probability of blowout fire accident on offshore drilling platform .

Experimental study on compound superfine dry powder extinguishant

DU Dexu, SHEN Xiaohui, FENG Li, HUA Min, PAN Xuhai

2018, 28(2): 69-74. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.012

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For the sake of improving the extinguishing efficiency of the dry powder, a new type of superfine dry powder was prepared with the magnesium hydroxide as additive. The thermal analysis instruments thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) were used to study the thermal decomposition processes. Through small-scale fire experiments, physical quantities of the extinguishing processes were obtained for suppressing diesel fires by different powders. The quantities were used to evaluate the extinguishing capability and the suppressing toxic gases ability of different powders. The results show that during the thermal decomposition process, magnesium hydroxide increases the peak decomposition rate of compound superfine powder and reduces the characteristic temperature in each stage, that in the fire-extinguishing process, magnesium hydroxide reduces the dosage of powder, shortens the extinguishing time, decreases the minimum fire extinguishing concentration (MEC), and effectively inhibits the production of toxic and harmful gases.

Law of blasting vibration damage and stability analysis to slope in open-pit mine

CAO Lanzhu, WANG Zhen, WANG Dong

2018, 28(2): 75-80. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.013

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In order to explore the law of blasting vibration damage to slope in open-pit mine and improve its safety, an experimental study was carried out on the west slope of Zahanaoer open-pit mine in Huolinhe of Inner Mongolia taken as the research object. On the basis of the engineering geological survey, the slope damage degree by blasting load was quantified and a damage function on the slope blasting vibration was established by the comprehensive methods of theory analysis and mathematics calculation, then the slope destructive time was calculated and the most dangerous area was identified. Meanwhile, a slope geology model was built by using FLAC^3D finite element analysis software to analyze the slope blasting vibration damage degree. A comparison was made between the simulation results and the calculation results. The research results show that the slope damage degree is inversely proportional to the distance between the measuring point and the blasting center, and the slope damage degree experiences exponential attenuation with the increasing of blasting times, and that the slope becomes damaged after 11 consecutive blasting and the most dangerous area is 150-200 meters away from the initial blasting area.

Experimental study of factors influencing explosion characteristics of sulfur dust

FAN Jianqiang, BAI Jianping, ZHAO Yishu, YUAN Weicheng, WANG Yue, LI Xiangfu

2018, 28(2): 81-86. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.014

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In order to understand the explosion characteristics of sulfur dust, orthogonal experiments and single factor experiments were performed by using a 20 L spherical explosive device. Effects of the three factors including the dust mass concentration, ignition energy and particle size on the maximum explosion pressure (p_max)and maximum rate of explosion pressure rise((dp/dt)_max)of sulfur dust were studied. The software SPSS was used to conduct range analysis of experimental data and construct a regression model. The results show that p_max and (dp/dt)_max are positively correlated with the dust mass concentration and ignition energy, and negatively correlated with the particle size when the other conditions are constant, that for the three factors, the effect of dust mass concentration is stronger than that of ignition energy, and the effect of ignition energy is stronger than that of particle size, that the sulfur droplets formed in the process of the combustion of sulfur particles cannot burn completely in the 20 L spherical tank, and the effects of the particle size on p_max and (dp/dt)_max are also weakened. A higher ignition energy can counteract the adverse effect of sulfur droplets.

Experimental study and numerical simulation of low-pressure hydrogen-air mixture explosion

ZHANG Chunyan, TAO Gang, TU Shandong, ZHANG Lijing

2018, 28(2): 87-92. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.015

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In order to prevent or control hydrogen explosions in the confined vessels, experiments were carried out by using a 20 L confined spherical vessel, and parameters of hydrogen-air explosion were measured, such as the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise at different initial low-pressures conditions(0.025-0.1 MPa). The standard turbulence model (k-ε) and the probability density function (PDF) model, and Fluent software were used to simulate the explosion process of hydrogen-air mixture under different pressure. It was shown that the maximum explosion pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise are linear with the initial pressures when the hydrogen concentration is kept constant, that the maximum explosion pressure decreases by 75.1%-75.9% and the maximum maximum rate of pressure decreases by 77.1%-83.7%, when the initial pressure decreases from 0.1 MPa to 0.025 MPa, and that the time taken by the flame front reaching the wall of the apparatus is longer when the initial pressure is lower.

Research on GSDM-S based technology for online detection of corrosion condition of high temperature furnace tube

XIONG Liang, SUN Yujiang, HE Fengqi, CONG Guangpei, HE Shi, LYU Guanglei

2018, 28(2): 93-98. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.016

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For the sake of forecasting and evaluating residual life of furnace tube and developing an on-line detection technology of tube wall and coking thickness of high temperature furnace tube, a GSDM-S measurement system was developed based on the GSDM-S measurement technique. Tube wall measurement experiments were carried out with the GSDM-S system. A measurement result comparison was made between the GSDM-S based technology and the supersonic method. The result shows the GSDM-S detection system can be applied to confirm the wall thickness of the furnace tube, the deviation is better than ±0.5 mm and meets the design requirements of the GSDM-S detection system device, and that the wall thickness measurement results obtained by using the GSDM-S based technology are in agreement with those obtained by using the supersonic method.

Study on failure water velocity and length of flanged pipe under impact of flood

WANG Hui, MA Jun, CAO Mengfan

2018, 28(2): 99-103. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.017

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To ensure the safe operation of chemical pipelines, the types of damage to pipe under the impact of the flood were summarized. Based on the stress analysis of pipe and junction under flood impact, a model was built for judging the bolt failure of pipe flange connection under flood impact. Through this model, the bolt safety conditions of pipe flange connection under flood impact was judged, and the flood speed and the critical length of pipe failure were calculated when the pipe junction failed. An example of the chemical pipe connected by flange-plate type steel pipe flange was presented in this paper. In this example, the critical water velocity and critical length were calculated for different outer diameter pipes under flood impact. The results show that for a pipe under the impact of the flood, the higher the flood velocity is, the shorter the failure length of the pipe will be, and that at same water velocity, the larger the pipe diameter is, the longer the critical length of pipe failure will be.

N-K model based analysis of risk coupling in civil aviation maintenance unsafe events

CHEN Yonggang, XIONG Shenghua, HE Qiang, ZHAN Tingwen

2018, 28(2): 104-109. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.008

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For the sake of exploring the risk coupling relationships in the civil aviation maintenance unsafe events, the mechanism of risk coupling development in the maintenance unsafe events was examined from the aspects of man, machine, environment and management. Considering the uncertainty and complexity, a risk coupling measurement model for maintenance unsafe events was built by utilizing the complex network N-K model. The model was used to measure the risk coupling degrees of 643 maintenance unsafe events of an airline from 2013 to 2016. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the occurrence possibilities of maintenance unsafe events and the risk coupling factors, and that the major causes of civil aviation maintenance unsafe events are the defects in the management.

Analysis of both robustness and congestion of aeronautical interdependent network

WANG Xinglong, PAN Weihuang, ZHAO Mo

2018, 28(2): 110-115. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.019

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In order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the aeronautical network under the influence of bad weather, military activities or the failure of the air traffic control equipment, an aeronautical interdependent network was built for North China taken as an example. The network was formed by interconnecting an airport network, an air route network and an air control network. Based on the failure and congestion rules under the operation of air traffic management, the robustness measure and congestion measure were calculated, and the robustness and congestion of the network in different failure and congestion modes were analyzed. The results show that the robustness of the static aeronautical network is better than that of the dynamic, that the control network has the greatest influence on the robustness of the network, that the edge has a great influence on the robustness of the network, and that the route network has the greatest impact on the network congestion.

Screening factors influencing heavy load railway safety and analyzing their weights

PENG Liyu, FENG Yunqing, GOU Juanqiong, LI Xuewei

2018, 28(2): 116-121. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.020

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In order to identify the key factors affecting the safety of heavy haul railway transportation and improve the ability to resist safety risk, an index system was established for the factors influencing heavy haul railway safety from the angle of human, equipment, environment and management. Based on this, the Shuo-Huang railway line was chosen as the research subject. The risk sources, fault and accident data from 2004-2016 in this line were chosen to establish a conditional attribute set. The corresponding safety risk level information was chosen to establish a decision attribute set. A knowledge system of heavy load railway safety factors is built. The rough set theory was used to screen the key indexes affecting the safety of heavy haul railway in the Shuo-Huang railway line. The weights of the factors affecting the heavy haul railway safety were calculated and the differences among the factors were analyzed. The results show that in the Shuo-Huang railway line, the personnel and management factors are two main factors affecting the safety of heavy haul railway, that the personal quality and psychological quality are two main personnel factors for the heavy haul railway safety. Communication signals and the lines and tracks are two main equipment factors affecting the heavy haul railway safety, that the external social environment and natural environment have a relatively larger impact on the safety of heavy haul railway, and that safety training and safety rewards and punishments are two main management factors affecting the heavy haul railway safety.

Research on factors influencing spontaneous combustion of coal in goaf in gassy coal seam having propensity to spontaneous combustion

ZHOU Liang, DAI Guanglong, QIN Ruxiang

2018, 28(2): 122-127. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.021

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In order to prevent the spotaneous combustion accident of coal in goaf in gassy and high spontaneous combustion propensity coal seam, 19 influencing factors were identified according to the characteristics of goaf spontaneous combustion in this kind of coal seam. The factors were treated by using the integrated DEMATEL and ISM method based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets. A multi-level hierarchical structure model was built for the factors and the respective influences of the factors were examined. The results show that the factors influencing goaf spontaneous combustion in gassy and high spontaneous combustion propensity coal seam can be divided into three levels: the root factors are the ventilation mode, the length of working surface, the oxygen absorption rate, the critical temperature, the residual gas content, the thickness of coal seam, the dip angle and geological structure of coal seam. Intermediate factors are the gas condition in adjacent layer, the mining method of working surface. The air quantity of ventilation and advancing speed of working surface. The surface factors are the fire prevention measures, the safety monitoring, the goaf residual coal thickness, the gas extraction measures, the ventilation resistance of working surface, the advancing speed, the surrounding rock temperature, the depth of coal seam and the roof lithology, and that more attention should be paid to improving the root factors.

GSPCA-LSSVM model for evaluating risk of coal floor groundwater bursting

ZHAO Linlin, WEN Guofeng, SHAO Liangshan

2018, 28(2): 128-133. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.022

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In order to evaluate the risk of coal floor groundwater bursting quickly and accurately, quantities such as water pressre and excavation height were identified as factors influencing the bursting, gray relative correlations between the factors were used for covariance matrix of GSPCA, and gray principal components were obtained with nonoverlapping informations by GSPCA. A GSPCA-LSSVM evaluation model was built, which took the gray principal components as inputs and risks of coal floor groundwater bursting as outputs. The GSPCA-LSSVM model was trained through twenty groups of learning samples, and verified by the re-substitution method. The trained model was used to evaluate five groups of test samples. The results show that more than 91.97% of information of original factors has been extracted by GSPCA, which considers the incompletenes, that the redundant information and computation complexity have been reduced significantly, that the evaluation results obtained by using the model accord with the actual situation basically, and that the model could be used to evaluate the risk of coal floor groundwater bursting effectively.

Evaluation of risk in railway dangerous goods transportation system by integrated entropy-TOPSIS-coupling coordination method

HUANG Wencheng, SHUAI Bin, SUN Yan, LI Meilin, PANG Lu

2018, 28(2): 134-138. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.023

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The paper uses a quantitative approach to evaluate the risk in railway dangerous goods transportation system. First, the railway dangerous goods transportation system is divided into five subsystems: personnel, machine, material, environment and management, and the risk factors in each subsystem are identified. Then, an entropy-TOPSIS-coupling coordination comprehensive evaluation method is worked out by integrating the entropy method, the TOPSIS and the coupling coordination degree model. Following this, the method is used to evaluate the risk in railway dangerous goods transportation system in China. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for improvement. The results show that the railway dangerous goods transportation system in China has become safer in recent years as it grows from ordered to disordered, but the personnel and management subsystems are relatively weak and need to be improved, thus to reduce the coupling effect and ensure transportation safety.

Development of a new-type anti-seismic device and study of its effect

LI Xuehong, LI Wenlin, GU Yiming, WANG Rui, XU Xiuli

2018, 28(2): 139-144. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.024

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For the sake of improving the overall seismic performance of concrete beam bridges, a new-type anti-seismic device having functions of energy consuming and position limitation was developed. According to the design idea of the coupling beam device, the E-shaped steel plates and the connecting steel plates were assembled, and a reasonable non-working length and a maximum working length were set. A new energy-dissipating anti-seismic device was developed to achieve the multi-level seismic performance of bridges. The energy-saving capacity was studied. This method was applied to a concrete continuous girder bridge. The effects of the device on the relative displacements of the piers (beams) and the shearing force acting on the pier bottom were studied. The stress state and energy consumption of the device under the earthquake were examined. The results show that the shape of the hysteresis curve of the energy-dissipating anti-seismic device is plump and the device has a good energy consumption capacity, that the device can effectively reduce the seismic response of bridges, that the relative displacement of piers (beams) is reduced by about 60%, and that the non-transition pier shearing is reduced by about 40%.

Effects of non-scheduled factors on aircraft deicing guarantee ability

CUI Ting, HAN Shuqing, ZHANG Yan

2018, 28(2): 145-150. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.025

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In order to study the influences of non-scheduled factors on aircraft deicing guarantee ability of busy airports during winter operation, and to ease the operation safety pressure caused by the surging demand of aircraft deicing under the condition of incomplete information, a multi-object optimization allocation model of aircraft deicing was built by using the 0-1 integer programming method. Actual data on 13 681 deicing flights of a certain busy airport during winter operation in three snowfall seasons were taken as a sample, the factors influencing aircraft deicing guarantee ability were identified by comparing the 20 different situations combined of different snow conditions and different non-scheduled factors. The results show that enough ice apron input can reduce the deicing delay more effectively than optimization of resource usage in extreme snowfall weather, that unreasonable flight timing may result in a pressure on aircraft deicing guarantee ability which has nothing to do with the quantity and using manner of ice aprons, and that the quantity and using manner of ice aprons jointly affect the improvement of aircraft deicing guarantee ability.

Study on electric charge induction during bump proneness coal failure process

SONG Yanfang, PAN Yishan, BAO Siyuan

2018, 28(2): 151-157. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.026

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In order to study the relationship between impact tendency and charge induction of fracturing coal, uniaixial compression tests were performed by using a self-developed multi-channel system. The distribution of charge signals and other parameters were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for coal samples different in impact tendency. The experimental results show that the change of stress-charge in the process of fracture is consistent, that the charge signals are stable at the initial stage of loading and they change remarkably in the stage of stress drop, that charge signals vary with the impact tendency, that signals of strong impact occur before the stress peak and the weak occurs before and after the stress peak, that signals of samples without impact tendency are generated mainly in the softening stage after the stress peak, that the stronger the impact tendency of coal is, the less accumulative charges are after the stress peak, and the bigger the quantity of the charges per unit time will be, and that impact tendency can be predicted by analyzing distribution of the charge signals and the relative parameters to give a basis for predicting the dynamic disaster of rock burst.

Experimental study on degradation of adsorbed methane in simulated raw coal environment by microorganism

YU Hong, CUI Xuefeng, ZHANG Ruilin

2018, 28(2): 158-163. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.027

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In order to improve and perfect the fundamental method for controlling coal seam gas by microbes, an experimental device was developed for studying coal adsorbed methane microbiological degradation in the environment of simulated solid coal. A strain of efficient methane oxidizing bacteria belonging to Methylomarinum was extracted from the soil samples taken from a return air course in Jiaozuo Jiulishan Coal Mine. Through controlling the load of axial compression quantitatively and continually, injecting the bacteria liquid into the test piece of coal body, the oxidation effects of different coal samples with liquid containing methanotrophs were investigated. The volume of carbon dioxide as one of the characteristic metabolites of methane oxidizing bacteria was measured. The experimental results show that in the range of axial pressure 1-5 MPa, with the increasing of axial pressure, the degradation rate of methane decreases rapidly in the early stages and then decreases slowly, that under the same axial pressure, the greater the Protodyakonov coefficient is, the higher the degradation rate would be, and that the ratio of volume of methane consumption to that of carbon dioxide produced is roughly 12∶1.

Influence of hill topography on ground pressure feature of shallow buried 7.0 m working face

DI Shuai, WANG Jiren, LI Donghui, QI Xupeng, WANG Yansheng

2018, 28(2): 164-169. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.028

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The influence of the hill topography on the ground pressure feature of 12205 working face in Shangwan's coal mine, taken as an example the large mining working faces in a shallow buried coal seam, was studied by means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement. Based on the stress transfer mechanics model, both the slope and the height of the hill were identified as the main influence factors. Then, numerical simulation was used to study the influences of both the slope and the height on the ground pressure feature. The results show the hill terrain influences more heavily both the peak value and the peak position of the bearing pressure than the flat topography does, and the influence range of the former is larger than that of the latter, that the slope is more than 30° or the height is a slope of more than 30° or a height of more than 30m, will generally cause a strong pressure, and that both the theoretical analysis and the numerical simulation conform to the reality.

Analysis of evolution path of urban commercial complex fire accident

ZHOU Yang, XIA Dengyou, GAO Ping

2018, 28(2): 170-174. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.029

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In order to facilitate normalization of the analysis procedures and expression methods of evolution path in emergency decision-making on urban commercial complex fire accident, urban commercial complex fire was studied on the basis of the knowledge element model. Characteristic elements were identified for expressing the accident, including the factors causing disaster, the object of disaster, and the activating elements. An analysis pattern for influence factors of the evolution of urban commercial complex fire accident was set up so as to improve the comprehensiveness of the research methods of evolution path and the accuracy of the decision of emergency command. Meanwhile, a scenario evolution path analysis and expression mode was established on the basis of the influence factors of evolution. The research provides a decision basis for the response to urban commercial complex fire accidents based on the possible evolution path.

Study on optimal layout of barriers against domino effects in chemical enterprise

XU Anqi, QIAN Yixiao, QIAN Yu

2018, 28(2): 175-180. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.030

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Seeing that over-concentrated risk sources involved in production process and storage have resulted in frequent occurrence of domino accidents, the authors of this paper started studying optimization of the layout of barriers for the purpose of preventing accident expansion. On the basis of starting a pool fire as the primary accident, possible secondary accidents were screened and their extending probabilities were calculated. Taking into account the possible failure of barriers and their effectiveness in reducing thermal radiation when operating successfully, the effects of barriers acting on the risk sources were quantitatively assessed. With all the calculation results obtained, a decision model was built for solving the problem of how to set barriers at limited cost for a given enterprise in order that the probabilities of domino accidents can be minimized. Finally, by using the model, an optimal safety barriers layout scheme was designed for a factory producing methionine taken as an example. This study proves that reasonable arrangement of safety barrier can prevent domino accident effectively.

Study on early warning of safety risk in underground cavern group construction under neural network paradigm

JIANG Xin, DU Haiwen, YUAN Xuan, HU Wenjia, ZHENG Xiazhong, SUN Zhengxi

2018, 28(2): 181-186. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.031

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In order to protect the safety of underground cavern group construction workers and prevent accidents, the BP neural network method was used to study early warning of safety risks in the construction of underground caverns. Firstly, through the analysis of the influencing factors of construction safety of underground caverns, a warning index system was constructed. After collecting 1 000 sets of training samples, the network parameters were set and debugged. After the success of the network training, a safety risk early warning analysis for the underground cavern group during construction was carried out. Then the underground caverns under construction in a certain place were taken as an example to verify the effectiveness of the early warning method. The results show that the early warning method can be used to quickly know the current safety status of and the trend in variation of risk in the underground caverns construction, and is helpful in taking effective measures in advance for improving the safety management level of underground caverns construction.

Strategy for emergency evacuation from vertical ship lift on initial fire

CHEN Shu, SHEN Haobo, WANG Yue, WANG Jianping, LI Zhi

2018, 28(2): 187-192. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.02.032

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The paper was aimed at researching emergency evacuation strategies from a vertical ship lift on initial fire to improve the evacuation efficiency. Firstly, the evacuation paths were divided into the horizontal path and vertical evacuation path according to the vertical ship lift structure and the evacuation passageway. Secondly, evacuation speeds were obtained as a function of age. The values of horizontal evacuation time from horizontal corridor to vertical evacuation passage were calculated. Thirdly, the relationships between the locations of ship reception chamber corridor and evacuation floors were studied. The values of vertical evacuation time from vertical evacuation passage to upstream or downstream platforms through stairs or elevator were calculated. Finally, an evacuation time comparison was made between the stairs mode and the combination mode. The results show that the greater the distance between fault height and evacuation point is, the bigger the advantage of using the combination mode will be when a fire occurs in the vertical ship lift.

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