侧风作用下无人机旋翼悬停状态气动响应分析*

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.09.015

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 106-112.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2021.09.015

侧风作用下无人机旋翼悬停状态气动响应分析^*

刘聪¹ 讲师, 魏志强¹ 教授, 韩红蓉¹ 讲师, 单泽众²

1 中国民航大学空中交通管理学院,天津 300300;
2 中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津 300300

收稿日期:2021-06-10 修回日期:2021-08-11 出版日期:2021-09-28 发布日期:2022-03-28
作者简介:刘聪 (1988—),男,河北衡水人,博士,讲师,主要从事飞行器运行及气动仿真等方面的研究。E-mail: lucongcauc@163.com。
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费项目中国民航大学专项资助(3122018C034)。

Aerodynamic response analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle rotor hovering under crosswind influence

LIU Cong¹, WEI Zhiqiang¹, HAN Hongrong¹, SHAN Zezhong²

1 School of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China;
2 School of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

Received:2021-06-10 Revised:2021-08-11 Online:2021-09-28 Published:2022-03-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为保证有侧风情况下旋翼无人机(UAV)的悬停精准控制和安全性,采用风洞试验和数值模拟仿真的方法,研究不同侧风风速下的无人机旋翼时均和非定常气动响应。首先,开展风洞试验,测量侧风风速对旋翼时均拉力和扭矩的影响,进而拟合不同风速下的旋翼动力学模型系数;然后,采用数值模拟方法,仿真分析旋翼在一个旋转周期内的气动非定常效应;最后,分析侧风风速对旋翼涡量场和速度场的影响。研究结果表明:侧风可显著提高旋翼的拉力和扭矩,但大风速会导致悬停效率降低;较大风速时,旋翼的气动非定常效应不容忽视,在控制悬停状态时有必要考虑侧风作用和非定常气动响应;侧风还有助于增强旋翼下洗涡流的涡强度和诱导速度。

关键词: 无人机(UAV), 侧风, 悬停, 气动响应, 非定常

Abstract: In order to ensure precise control and safety of UAV's hover state under crosswind influence, time-averaged and unsteady aerodynamic responses of UAV's rotor with different crosswind speeds were studied by wind tunnel experiment and numerical simulation. Firstly, influence of crosswind speed on time-averaged thrust and torque of rotor was measured by wind tunnel experiment, and then coefficients of rotor dynamic model under different wind speeds were fitted. Then, aerodynamic unsteady effect of a rotor in a rotation period was discussed by numerical simulation. Finally, vorticity field and velocity field were compared under crosswind speed conditions. The results show that crosswind can significantly increase rotor's tension and torque, but high wind speed will lead to low hovering efficiency. When wind speed is high, unsteady aerodynamic effect of rotor can not be ignored, and it is necessary to consider crosswind action and unsteady aerodynamic response when controlling hover state. Crosswind also helps to enhance vortex intensity and induce velocity of rotor downwash vortex.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), crosswind, hover, aerodynamic response, unsteady

中图分类号:

X949

刘聪, 魏志强, 韩红蓉, 单泽众. 侧风作用下无人机旋翼悬停状态气动响应分析^*[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(9): 106-112.

LIU Cong, WEI Zhiqiang, HAN Hongrong, SHAN Zezhong. Aerodynamic response analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle rotor hovering under crosswind influence[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2021, 31(9): 106-112.

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侧风作用下无人机旋翼悬停状态气动响应分析^*

Aerodynamic response analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle rotor hovering under crosswind influence

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