中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 191-197.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.01.2819

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

多出口场景下考虑动态出口选择的人员疏散

霍非舟1,2(), 吴丽君1,2, 曽益萍3,**(), 高帅云1,2, 魏云飞1,2   

  1. 1 武汉理工大学 中国应急管理研究中心,湖北 武汉 430070
    2 武汉理工大学 安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北 武汉 430070
    3 欣旺达电子股份有限公司,广东 深圳 518108
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-11 修回日期:2022-11-08 出版日期:2023-01-28 发布日期:2023-07-28
  • 通讯作者: ** 曽益萍(1991—),男,江西萍乡人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事公共安全与应急管理、人员疏散等方面的工作。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    霍非舟 (1987—),男,河南周口人,博士,副教授,主要从事人员疏散、风险评估、公共安全与应急管理等方面的研究。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(51808422); 国家自然科学基金资助(72004141); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021Ⅲ052JC); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021Ⅲ053JC); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助(2019A1515111074)

Evacuation of pedestrian considering dynamic exit choice in multi-exit scenarios

HUO Feizhou1,2(), WU Lijun1,2, ZENG Yiping3,**(), GAO Shuaiyun1,2, WEI Yunfei1,2   

  1. 1 China Research Center for Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China
    2 School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China
    3 Sunwoda Electronic Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Guangdong 518108, China
  • Received:2022-08-11 Revised:2022-11-08 Online:2023-01-28 Published:2023-07-28

摘要:

为使多出口场景下人员疏散情况与实际更吻合,基于元胞自动机(CA)建立考虑更换目标出口的动态出口选择模型。综合考虑行人到出口的距离和出口前的拥挤程度对其选择的影响;通过选择模糊度和出口保持率来模拟行人选择出口的犹豫和随机性;再根据疏散环境的变化计算各出口被选择概率,更新行人的目标出口。比较动态出口选择策略与静态出口选择策略的差异。结果表明:动态出口选择策略有低密度无效和高密度有效2个阶段,且在高密度下选择模糊度小更利于疏散。出口保持率的增加能否提高疏散效率与选择模糊度有关。出口区域半径的增加在一定程度上能降低疏散时间。与静态出口选择策略相比,该策略可以提高出口利用率,缓解各出口密度不平衡程度,提高疏散效率。

关键词: 多出口场景, 动态出口选择, 出口保持率, 选择模糊度, 元胞自动机(CA)

Abstract:

In order to make the evacuation of personnel in the multi-exit scenario more consistent with reality, a dynamic exit selection model considering the replacement of target exits was established based on CA. Comprehensively considering the distance from pedestrians to the exit and the impact of congestion before the exit on their selection, the hesitation and randomness of pedestrians in choosing an exit by selecting ambiguity and exit retention rate were simulated. Then, according to the change of the evacuation environment, the probability of each exit being selected was calculated, and the target exit of pedestrians was updated. The differences between dynamic egress selection policies and static egress selection strategies were compared. The results show that the dynamic exit selection strategy has two stages: invalid at low density and effective at high density. In addition, selecting small ambiguity at high density is more conducive to evacuation. Whether the increase in the exit retention rate can improve the efficiency of evacuation is related to the ambiguity of the selection. What's more, the increase in the radius of the exit area can reduce the evacuation time to a certain extent. Compared with the static exit selection strategy, this strategy can improve the export utilization rate, alleviate the imbalance of the density of each outlet, and improve evacuation efficiency.

Key words: multi-exit scenarios, dynamic exit choice, exit retention rate, select ambiguity, cellular automata