中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 94-99.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.09.1735

• 公共安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

考虑环境熟悉度与疏散策略的元胞自动机模型

霍非舟1,2(), 李盈1,2, 马亚萍1,2,**(), 涂文豪1,2, 刘昶1,2, 闫岩3   

  1. 1 武汉理工大学 中国应急管理研究中心,湖北 武汉 430070
    2 武汉理工大学 安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北 武汉 430070
    3 华中师范大学 城市与环境科学学院, 湖北 武汉 430079
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-23 修回日期:2022-06-17 出版日期:2022-10-19 发布日期:2023-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 马亚萍
  • 作者简介:

    霍非舟 (1987—),男,河南周口人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事人员疏散、风险评估等方面的研究。E-mail:

    马亚萍 讲师

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(51808422); 国家自然科学基金资助(52072286); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019IVB005); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020VI002)

CA model considering environmental familiarity and evacuation strategy

HUO Feizhou1,2(), LI Ying1,2, MA Yaping1,2,**(), TU Wenhao1,2, LIU Chang1,2, YAN Yan3   

  1. 1 China Research Center for Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China
    2 School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China
    3 College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan Hubei 430079, China
  • Received:2022-03-23 Revised:2022-06-17 Online:2022-10-19 Published:2023-03-28
  • Contact: MA Yaping

摘要:

为明确环境熟悉度及疏散策略对行人疏散过程的影响,在静态场域模型中引入行人转化规则,建立考虑环境熟悉度与疏散策略的元胞自动机(CA)模型;该模型将行人分为熟悉环境和不熟悉环境2类,考虑环境熟悉度改变对疏散过程的影响;模拟仿真2种疏散策略和行人转化规则,讨论在不同能见度下,盲目疏散、理性疏散及改变行人转化概率对疏散的影响。结果表明:环境熟悉度影响疏散效率,环境熟悉度与疏散效率成正比;行人密度较小时,能见度对疏散影响大,最佳能见度为11(4.4 m),能见度大于11(4.4 m)时应选择理性疏散;环境熟悉度不变时,转化概率增加会使得疏散时间减少,最佳转化参数为0.01。

关键词: 环境熟悉度, 疏散策略, 行人转化规则, 元胞自动机(CA), 人员疏散

Abstract:

In order to clarify the influence of environmental familiarity and evacuation strategy on pedestrian evacuation process, CA model considering environmental familiarity and evacuation strategy was established by introducing pedestrian transformation rules into the static field model. The model divides pedestrians into familiar environment and unfamiliar environment, and considers the influence of environmental familiarity on evacuation process. Then, two evacuation strategies and pedestrian transformation rules are simulated to discuss the effects of blind evacuation, rational evacuation and changing the probability of pedestrian transformation on evacuation under different visibility. The results show that environmental familiarity affects evacuation efficiency, and environmental familiarity is proportional to evacuation efficiency. When the pedestrian density is small, the visibility has a great influence, the best visibility is 11(4.4 m). If the visibility is greater than 11(4.4 m), rational evacuation should be selected. If the environmental familiarity is constant, the increase of conversion probability will reduce the evacuation time, and the optimal conversion parameter is 0.01.

Key words: environmental familiarity, evacuation strategy, pedestrian transformation rule, cellular automata(CA), pedestrian evacuation