基于脑电数据的不同噪声工况下矿工注意力研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.05.2228

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究噪声因素对矿工大脑认知的负面影响,通过设计脑电(EEG)试验,结合山东富全矿山实地采集的噪声数据,开展在不同噪声工况(30、50、70、90 dB)下的矿工注意力研究。将采集到的EEG信号利用小波包变换进行特征提取,选取θ/β的值作为注意力特征值,并结合Stroop试验进一步验证分析结果。结果表明:β波在能量占比图中始终占据主导地位,在脑地形图中于工况2时达到峰值;注意力特征值(θ/β)呈现出整体增大趋势,试验进行到40 min时,工况4较工况2的值增长46.19%,表明在噪声为50 dB时矿工的注意力达到最佳,90 dB时注意力的衰减性显著增强;Stroop试验显示工况2用时最短且正确个数最多,在工况4时可靠度仅为78.8%。

关键词: 脑电(EEG), 噪声, 矿工注意力, 节律波, 特征提取

Abstract:

In order to explore the negative impact of noise on the brain cognition of miners, this study carried out an attention study under different noise conditions (30, 50, 70, 90 dB) by designing an EEG test and combining with the noise collected in Fuquan Mine, Shandong Province. Wavelet packet transform was used to extract the features of the collected EEG signals, and the value of θ/β was selected as the attention feature value, and the analysis results were further verified by Stroop test. The results show that β wave always occupies the dominant position in the energy proportion map, and reaches the peak at the second condition in the brain topography map. The characteristic value of attention (θ/β) shows an overall increasing trend. At 40 min, the value of working condition 4 increases by 46.19% compared with that of working condition 2, indicating that attention reaches the best at 50 dB noise environment, and the attenuability of attention is significantly enhanced at 90 dB noise environment. Stroop experiment showed that the time of working condition 2 is the shortest and the correct number is the most, and the reliability of working condition 4 is only 78.8%. The study on the effect of EEG on miners' attention under different noise levels can provide reference for the development of shift system and subsequent related research in mining enterprises.

Key words: electroencephalography (EEG), noise, miner's attention, rhythmic wave, feature extraction

卢才武, 高睿阳, 徐晓慧, 江松, 刘迪, 付信凯. 基于脑电数据的不同噪声工况下矿工注意力研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(5): 35-41.

LU Caiwu, GAO Ruiyang, XU Xiaohui, JIANG Song, LIU Di, FU Xinkai. Study on miners' attention under different noise conditions based on EEG data[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(5): 35-41.

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设备或工作地点	噪声
采煤机	87
带式运输机	83
液压泵站	93
锚杆钻机	101
矿山工作办公室	39

脑波类型	频率/Hz	生理表现
δ波	0.5~4	“无意识”层面的波,一般只有深度睡眠状态下才会出现
θ波	4~8	“潜意识”层面的波,在人抑郁或试图抑制困意时出现
α波	8~13	“健康”波,放松、安静、闭眼的清醒状态下
β波	13~30	积极思考,专注且高度警觉时

Stroop试验	任务分组	工况1	工况2	工况3	工况4	对照组
应用时间/s	A	20.38±2.74	20.22±5.92	22.47±4.89	23.01±5.48	20.14±4.76
	B	18.59±3.60	18.30±4.16	20.31±5.40	20.99±4.75	18.29±2.91
	C	25.34±4.20	25.64±4.97	27.78±5.34	28.45±5.27	25.04±4.29
出错次数	A	4.70±2.76	4.66±3.53	5.04±3.53	5.14±3.16	4.60±2.81
	B	4.54±1.99	3.61±0.89	5.33±2.36	6.77±1.62	4.57±1.32
	C	6.26±4.89	5.02±3.81	6.65±4.77	7.18±3.58	5.16±4.83
平均可靠度/%	—	82.80	85.23	82.20	78.80	84.07