不安全行为决策中情绪作用机制的脑电研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.01.2435

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为预防不良情绪对个体行为决策的影响,避免不安全行为,从神经层面探究情绪对不安全行为决策过程及结果的作用机制。基于事件相关电位(ERPs)技术,采用“1个刺激-2种按键选择(S-K1/K2)”的试验范式,开展脑电(EEG)试验,探究正负性情绪对不安全行为决策的影响机制。结果表明:负性情绪下,个体更倾向于作出不安全行为,也更容易冲动决策。相较于正性情绪,负性情绪下P200平均波幅更小,表明负性情绪抑制个体早期对风险信息的注意力投入,干扰对风险信息的早期感知与侦测;N2平均波幅更大,表明负性情绪干扰风险信息分析过程,导致个体出现更大的认知偏差和认知冲突;晚期正成分(LPP)平均波幅更小,表明负性情绪严重干扰晚期注意力的持续投入,对风险判断过程造成更大影响。情绪通过干扰早期感知与侦测、影响风险信息分析和风险判断过程来间接影响行为决策结果。在此基础上构建基于情绪作用的安全行为决策模型,该模型能够从情绪角度调节人的不安全行为。

关键词: 不安全行为, 情绪, 行为决策, 作用机制, 脑电(EEG), 事件相关电位(ERPs)

Abstract:

In order to prevent the influence of negative emotions on individual behavior decision-making and to avoid unsafe behavior, the mechanism of emotion on the decision-making process and outcome of unsafe behavior was explored from the neural level. Based on the event-related potentials (ERPs) technology, the experimental paradigm of "one stimulus-two key choices (S-K1/K2)" was used to carry out EEG experiments to explore the influence mechanism of positive and negative emotions on unsafe behavior decision-making. The results show that: under negative emotions, individuals are more inclined to make unsafe behaviors and are more likely to make impulsive decisions. Compared with positive emotions, the average volatility of P200 is smaller under negative emotions, indicating that negative emotions inhibit the individual's early attention to risk information and interfere with the early perception and detection of risk information. The average volatility of N2 is larger, indicating that negative emotions interfere with the process of risk information analysis, leading to greater cognitive bias and cognitive conflict. The average volatility of late positive potential(LPP) is smaller, indicating that negative emotions seriously interfere with the continued focus of the late stage and have a greater impact on the risk judgment process. Emotions can indirectly affect the results of behavioral decision-making by interfering with early perception and detection, risk information analysis and risk judgment. On this basis, a decision-making model for safe behavior based on emotional effects is established to regulate people's unsafe behavior from the perspective of emotion.

Key words: unsafe behavior, emotion, behavioral decision-making, mechanism, electroencephalogram(EEG), event related potentials (ERPs)

张舒, 王双, 史秀志. 不安全行为决策中情绪作用机制的脑电研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(1): 32-40.

ZHANG Shu, WANG Shuang, SHI Xiuzhi. An EEG study of emotion mechanism in unsafe behavior decision-making[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(1): 32-40.

图/表 5

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