不安全行为信息在建筑工人群体中的传染机制

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.01.2491

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究不安全行为信息在建筑工人群体中的传染路径与影响效应,根据社会信息加工理论、计划行为理论和社会传染理论,在文献研究的基础上,通过理论假设,构建以工友不安全行为信息为自变量,以行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制3种行为认知因素,以及不安全行为意向为中介变量的建筑工人不安全行为信息传染机制理论模型。通过开发测量量表、编制调查问卷收集数据,基于271个有效样本,利用验证性因子分析与结构方程模型建模分析方法实证检验理论模型。研究结果表明:工友有意不安全行为和工友不安全沟通行为通过6条传染路径诱发新的不安全行为;相较于工友不安全沟通行为,工友有意不安全行为作为传染源时的传染效应更强;管理者通过控制传染信息源和弱化传染媒介可有效抑制不安全行为信息在建筑工人群体中的传染效应。

关键词: 不安全行为信息, 建筑工人, 传染机制, 有意不安全行为, 不安全沟通行为

Abstract:

In order to explore the contagion mechanism and effect of unsafe behavior information in groups of construction workers, a theoretical model of the contagion mechanism of unsafe behavior information among construction workers was constructed based on social information processing theory, theory of planned behavior, and social contagion theory. In this model, information about workmates' unsafe behaviors was served as the independent variable, and behavioral cognitive factors (i.e. behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and unsafe behavioral intentions were served as mediating variables. Through developing measurement scales and creating questionnaires to collect data, the theoretical model was empirically tested based on 271 valid samples using the analysis methods of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results show that workmates' intentional unsafe behaviors and workmates' unsafe communication behaviors can induce new unsafe behaviors through six contagious pathways. Moreover, as a source of contagion, the contagion effect of workmates' intentional unsafe behaviors is greater than that of workmates' unsafe communication behaviors. Managers can effectively control the contagion effect of unsafe behavior information among construction workers by controlling contagion information sources and weakening infectious media.

Key words: unsafe behavior information, construction workers, contagion mechanism, intentional unsafe behavior, unsafe communication behavior

中图分类号:

X913.2安全信息论

倪国栋, 杨栎, 安瑶瑶, 郑雨茁. 不安全行为信息在建筑工人群体中的传染机制[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(1): 43-52.

NI Guodong, YANG Li, AN Yaoyao, ZHENG Yuzhuo. Contagion mechanism of unsafe behavior information in groups of construction workers[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(1): 43-52.

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统计学变量	类型	样本量	占比/%
性别	男	241	88.9
性别	女	30	11.1
年龄/岁	16~20	5	1.8
	21~30	78	28.8
	31~42	124	45.8
	43~50	38	14.0
	51~60	26	9.6
婚姻状况	未婚	65	24.0
婚姻状况	已婚	206	76.0
受教育程度	小学及以下	14	5.2
	初中	107	39.5
	中专/职高/技校	64	23.6
	高中	49	18.1
	大专	37	13.6
工作年限/a	≤5	99	36.5
	(5,10]	78	28.8
	(10,15]	55	20.3
	(15,20]	17	6.3
	>20	22	8.1

变量	题项	FL	CR	AVE
IUB	IUB1	0.781	0.932	0.734
	IUB2	0.907
	IUB3	0.847
	IUB4	0.907
	IUB5	0.834
UCB	UCB1	0.752	0.890	0.731
	UCB2	0.895
	UCB3	0.909
BA	BA1	0.738	0.837	0.566
	BA2	0.854
	BA3	0.802
	BA4	0.601
SN	SN1	0.766	0.911	0.720
	SN2	0.862
	SN3	0.890
	SN4	0.870
PBC	PBC1	0.788	0.833	0.628
	PBC2	0.674
	PBC3	0.899
UBI	UBI1	0.793	0.919	0.792
	UBI2	0.713
	UBI3	0.956
UB	UB1	0.868	0.956	0.814
	UB2	0.876
	UB3	0.916
	UB4	0.919
	UB5	0.931

变量	IUB	UBI	PBC	SN	BA	UCB	UB
IUB	0.902	—	—	—	—	—	—
UBI	0.635^**	0.890	—	—	—	—	—
PBC	0.357^**	0.366^**	0.792	—	—	—	—
SN	0.542^**	0.566^**	0.257^**	0.849	—	—	—
BA	0.468^**	0.497^**	0.210^**	0.562^**	0.752	—	—
UCB	0.497^**	0.510^**	0.206^**	0.648^**	0.634^**	0.855	—
UB	0.533^**	0.508^**	0.248^**	0.705^**	0.553^**	0.725^**	0.857

中介效应	估计值	95%置信区间下限	95%置信区间上限	结论
IUB-BA-UBI-UB	0.141	0.014	0.335	显著
IUB-SN-UBI-UB	0.376	0.003	0.081	显著
IUB-PBC-UBI-UB	0.151	0.002	0.036	显著
IUB-PBC-UB	0.034	0.001	0.078	显著
UCB-BA-UBI-UB	0.030	0.007	0.063	显著
UCB-SN-UBI-UB	0.020	0.001	0.059	显著
UCB-PBC-UBI-UB	0.007	-0.005	0.024	不显著
UCB-PBC-UB	0.029	-0.112	0.110	不显著

不安全行为信息	传染路径	各路径传染效应	传染源的传染效应	传染总效应
IUB	①IUB→BA→UBI→UB	0.024	0.225	0.351
	②IUB→SN→UBI→UB	0.104
	③IUB→PBC→UBI→UB	0.036
	④IUB→PBC→UB	0.060
UCB	①UCB→BA→UBI→UB	0.061	0.126
UCB	②UCB→SN→UBI→UB	0.065	0.126