基于AMO-SDT的建筑工人安全动机对其安全行为的影响研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.03.0931

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究建筑工人的安全动机对其安全行为的影响,首先基于自我决定理论(SDT),将工人安全动机解构为自主安全动机、受控安全动机;然后结合能力-动机-机会(AMO)理论的整合性分析框架,建立工人安全动机、安全机会、安全能力与安全行为之间的关系假设模型;最后以469名一线建筑工人为研究对象收集数据,采用结构方程模型(SEM)检验与实证分析假设。研究表明:建筑工人自主安全动机与安全行为显著正相关,建筑工人受控安全动机与安全行为显著负相关;安全能力和安全机会在工人自主安全动机与安全行为间发挥正向调节作用,而在工人受控安全动机与安全行为间表现为显著的负向调节关系。

关键词: 建筑工人, 安全动机, 安全行为, 能力-动机-机会(AMO), 自我决定理论(SDT)

Abstract:

In order to examine how construction workers' safety motivation affects their behavior, SDT was used to divide the safety motivation into two types: autonomous and controlled. Subsequently, a hypothetical model linking workers' safety motivation, opportunity, ability, and behavior was constructed by integrating the analytical framework of the AMO theory. Finally, 469 frontline construction workers were taken as the research subjects for data collection, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for hypothesis testing and empirical analysis. The results show that the autonomous safety motivation of construction workers is significantly positively correlated with safety behavior, and the controlled safety motivation of construction workers is significantly negatively correlated with safety behavior. Safety motivation and safety competence play a positive moderating role between workers' autonomous safety motivation and safety behavior, while they show a significant negative moderating relationship between workers' controlled safety motivation and safety behavior.

Key words: construction workers, safety motivation, safety behavior, ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO), self-determination theory (SDT)

中图分类号:

X948

杨苏, 姚文宝, 王婷, 程保全, 朱素媛. 基于AMO-SDT的建筑工人安全动机对其安全行为的影响研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(3): 19-27.

YANG Su, YAO Wenbao, WANG Ting, CHENG Baoquan, ZHU Suyuan. Research on influence of safety motivation on construction workers' safety behavior based on AMO-SDT[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(3): 19-27.

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总体 Cronbach's Alpha	变量	Cronbach's Alpha
0.911	自主安全动机	0.865
	受控安全动机	0.856
	安全能力	0.865
	安全机会	0.878
	安全行为	0.857

检验项目		检验值
KMO度量		0.917
Bartlett球形度检验	近似卡方	3 714.016
	自由度	190
	显著性	0.000

变量	标准化因子负荷量	AVE	CR
自主安全动机	0.758~0.798	0.615	0.865
受控安全动机	0.732~0.795	0.599	0.857
安全能力	0.743~0.809	0.617	0.866
安全机会	0.765~0.831	0.644	0.879
安全行为	0.761~0.801	0.600	0.857

拟合系数	适配标准	模型结果	适配判断
CMIN/df	<3	1.235	是
GFI	>0.9	0.971	是
AGFI	>0.9	0.956	是
RMSEA	<0.08	0.026	是
CFI	>0.9	0.994	是
NFI	>0.9	0.969	是
TLI	>0.9	0.992	是

路径	路径系数	SE	C.R.
自主安全动机→ 安全行为	0.402	0.071	5.662
受控安全动机→ 安全行为	-0.258	0.069	-3.766
受控安全动机→ 自主安全动机	-0.464	0.064	-7.293