自然灾害下横向转运的应急物资二次调度

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.08.1527

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 212-218.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2023.08.1527

自然灾害下横向转运的应急物资二次调度

陈伟炯¹^,²(), 詹微微²^,³(), 康与涛², 张善杰²^,⁴, 张洋²^,⁵, 韩伟佳²

¹ 上海海事大学商船学院,上海 201306
² 上海海事大学物流供应链风险控制研究中心, 上海 201306
³ 上海海事大学物流研究中心,上海 201306
⁴ 上海海事大学物流情报研究所,上海 201306
⁵ 上海第二工业大学经济管理学院,上海 201209

收稿日期:2023-03-14 修回日期:2023-06-18 出版日期:2023-10-08
作者简介:
陈伟炯 (1957—),男,江苏常州人,硕士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事安全科学技术、海运安全与管理、物流供应链风险控制方面的研究。E-mail: wjchen57@163.com。
詹微微 (1997—),女,浙江宁波人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为物流安全与供应链风险控制。E-mail:928147376@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51979157); 上海市科技创新行动计划项目(18DZ1206100)

Quadratic scheduling of emergency materials considering horizontal transportation under natural disasters

CHEN Weijiong¹^,²(), ZHAN Weiwei²^,³(), KANG Yutao², ZHANG Shanjie²^,⁴, ZHANG Yang²^,⁵, HAN Weijia²

¹ Merchant Shipping College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
² Logistics Supply Chain Risk Control Research Center, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
³ Logistics Research Center, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
⁴ Institute of Logistics Information, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
⁵ School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Second University of Technology, Shanghai 201209, China

Received:2023-03-14 Revised:2023-06-18 Published:2023-10-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

突发自然灾害及其次生灾害易导致受灾点信息传递滞后、模糊,进而造成受灾点应急物资供应不足,为解决这一问题,在受灾点间引入横向转运方式进行应急物资协同调度。基于加权秩和比(WRSR)综合评价法,计算物资不足的受灾点物资紧迫程度,作为受灾点物资调度顺序的依据;考虑灾后道路损坏对调度时间和成本的影响,引入随机道路通行率系数,以时间最短和成本最低为目标,构建考虑横向转运的应急物资二次调度模型;采用遗传算法求解模型,并与无横向转运调度结果进行对比。结果表明:引入受灾点间横向转运,能有效减少调度时间,降低调度成本,缩短各受灾点应急物资“空窗期”,提升应急物流效率和应急物资配送网络韧性。

关键词: 自然灾害, 横向转运, 应急物资, 二次调度, 加权秩和比(WRSR)

Abstract:

In view of the abruptness of natural disasters and their secondary disasters, which make the information transmission at the disaster-affected points lag and fuzzy, resulting in the shortage of emergency supplies at the disaster-affected points, horizontal transportation had been introduced for coordinated scheduling of emergency materials between disaster sites in this paper. The WRSR comprehensive evaluation method was used to calculate the urgency of material as a basis for material scheduling orders in disaster-affected points that were insufficient. The random road traffic rate coefficient was introduced to address the impact of post-disaster road damage on scheduling time and cost. With the goal of minimizing time and cost, a quadratic scheduling model for emergency materials considering lateral transportation was constructed. The genetic algorithm was used to solve the model, and the results were compared with those of no horizontal transfer scheduling. The results show that the introduction of horizontal transfer between disaster-affected points effectively reduces the scheduling time and cost, shortens the "empty window period" of emergency materials at disaster-affected points, and improves the efficiency of emergency logistics and the resilience of the emergency materials distribution network.

Key words: natural disasters, horizontal transfer, emergency logistics, quadratic scheduling, weight rank-sum ratio(WRSR)

陈伟炯, 詹微微, 康与涛, 张善杰, 张洋, 韩伟佳. 自然灾害下横向转运的应急物资二次调度[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2023, 33(8): 212-218.

CHEN Weijiong, ZHAN Weiwei, KANG Yutao, ZHANG Shanjie, ZHANG Yang, HAN Weijia. Quadratic scheduling of emergency materials considering horizontal transportation under natural disasters[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2023, 33(8): 212-218.

图/表 11

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

模型所设计部分符号

符号	说明
I	$I = (0,1, …, i)$ 受灾点集合,0为配送中心
K	受灾点物资紧迫程度指标,K $= {1,2, …, k)$
$x i j$	变量。1表示物资从受灾点i运输到j,否则为0
$a i k$	受灾点i物资紧迫程度的第k个评价指标
$ω k$	受灾点评价指标的权重, $k ∈ K$
$σ i$	受灾点i物资紧迫程度
$d i$	受灾点物资需求量, $i ∈ I$
$r i$	受灾点i满足度
C	固定单位成本
M	单位库存成本
$w i$	当前转运前或第一次调度后受灾点i库存
$w i ⌢$	当前转运后受灾点i库存
$b i$	受灾点i二次调度需求量
$p i$	受灾点i需求未满足时单位处罚成本, $i ∈ I$
$c i j$	受灾点i到受灾点j的单位运输成本
c	车辆单位运输成本
$t i j$	从受灾点i到受灾点j的转运时间, $i, j ∈ I$
v	运输车辆行驶速度
$s i j$	受灾点i到受灾点j的距离
$ε i j$	受灾点i与受灾点j间可通行率系数, $i, j ∈ I, i ≠ j, 0 < ε i j < 1$
$q i j$	受灾点i到受灾点j转运物资量

表1

表2

图5

图6

表3

图7

表4

参考文献 13

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调度路线	转运量	时间	成本
91→14	7	0.38	261.54
37→16	12	1.27	1 014.03
74→22	9	0.53	384.60
76→28	9	1.02	650.73
90→30	18	1.50	1 720.25
90→32	2	0.31	137.27
70→31	17	0.28	382.90
25→39	7	0.87	466.88
55→39	5	0.75	325.03
60→48	23	2.23	3 177.74
84→49	11	4.24	2 900.22
26→53	11	7.08	4 775.51
96→59	11	0.23	253.46
34→65	14	1.26	1 159.72
51→66	11	0.64	519.49
55→67	14	1.25	1 146.54
80→68	18	0.08	183.08
74→72	10	0.13	176.51
29→79	10	0.56	437.30
98→85	11	0.13	184.16
17→86	17	0.44	551.56
100→86	14	2.50	2 200.00
2→87	19	0.65	846.39
52→94	11	0.65	526.64
42→97	7	0.63	364.12
0→31→49→32→65→1→0	370	15.21	16 176.07
0→72→39→68→28→0	311	12.27	8 560.77
0→59→14→16→85→5→0	394	10.15	8 933.38
0→95→94→0	153	9.16	3 454.64
合计	1526	76.40	62 008.52

调度路线	调度量	时间	成本
0→5→16→85→97→0	304	10.88	11 917.66
0→86→38→14→87→0	300	10.92	18 636.10
0→79→68→28→0	219	13.08	13 342.58
0→53→94→59→95→0	305	8.37	8 685.09
0→48→47→49→31→0	330	14.79	19 757.10
0→30→32→66→65→1→0	351	15.28	18 392.68
0→72→22→67→39→0	299	12.19	15 687.48
合计	2108	85.52	106 418.69

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自然灾害下横向转运的应急物资二次调度

Quadratic scheduling of emergency materials considering horizontal transportation under natural disasters

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图/表 11

参考文献 13

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受灾点	1	5	14	16	22	28	30
WRSR值	0.28	0.41	0.45	0.57	0.38	0.31	0.65
排序	26	20	18	10	22	25	6
受灾点	31	32	38	39	47	48	49
WRSR值	0.51	0.40	0.54	0.55	0.63	0.70	0.74
排序	14	21	12	11	7	4	3
受灾点	53	59	65	66	67	68	72
WRSR值	0.34	0.48	0.80	0.52	0.67	0.59	0.36
排序	24	16	2	13	5	9	23
受灾点	79	85	86	87	94	95	97
WRSR值	0.43	0.49	1.21	0.61	0.46	0.19	0.24
排序	19	15	1	8	17	28	27