PEDOT:PSS/GO柔性温度传感器制备及锂电池热安全监测

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.07.1744

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决锂离子电池在机械、热及电滥用工况下易触发热失控的问题,以温度为关键预警参数,制备1种可紧密贴附于电池表面的高灵敏度柔性温度传感器,并评估其在锂离子电池热安全监测中的应用能力。以聚(3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸)(PEDOT:PSS)为导电相,引入氧化石墨烯(GO)作为非导电片层填充网络,相较于传统导电填充料更有利于提升灵敏度;采用打印技术在聚酰亚胺(PI)基底上制备;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)及差示扫描量热法(DSC)表征材料形貌与热特性;在搭建的测试平台上开展温度性能试验,并在锂离子电池倍率充放电及外加热模拟热事件工况下验证其应用效果。结果表明:所制备传感器在20~70 ℃范围内呈负温度系数特性,平均温度系数为-1.43%/℃,线性拟合决定系数为0.997;20~50 ℃循环20次过程中,输出曲线未见性能衰减;0~90°弯曲条件下,电阻变化率波动小于0.02;20~70 ℃阶跃温度变化下,最快响应时间为13 s。在电池倍率充放电和外加热工况下,传感器可实现温度测量,并对升温过程及时响应,适用于锂离子电池表面温度监测及异常升温感知。

关键词: 柔性温度传感器, 锂离子电池, 热安全, 聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩:聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT:PSS), 氧化石墨烯(GO), 打印技术

Abstract:

To address the issue of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries under mechanical, thermal, and electrical abuse conditions, a highly sensitive, flexible temperature sensor capable of closely adhering to the battery surface was fabricated, using temperature as the key early-warning parameter. The sensor's performance in monitoring the thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries was then evaluated. PEDOT:PSS was used as the conductive phase, and GO was introduced as a non-conductive platelet filler into the conductive network. Compared with conventional conductive fillers, this strategy is more favorable for improving sensitivity. The sensor was fabricated on a polyimide (PI) substrate using a printing technology. The morphology and thermal properties of the material were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), atomic force microscopy(AFM), and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Relevant performance tests were carried out, and the sensor performance was further validated under lithium-ion battery charge-discharge rate conditions and externally heated thermal-event simulation conditions. The results showed that the fabricated sensor exhibited a negative temperature coefficient characteristic within the temperature range of 20-70 ℃, with an average temperature coefficient of -1.43%/℃ and a coefficient of determination of 0.997 for linear fitting. During 20 thermal cycles within the range of 20-50 ℃, no performance degradation was observed in the output curves. Uunder bending conditions from 0° to 90°, the fluctuation in resistance change rate was less than 0.02. Under a stepwise temperature change from 20 to 70 ℃, the fastest response time was 13 s. Under battery charge-discharge rate and external heating conditions, the sensor was able to perform temperature measurement and respond promptly to the temperature rise process. The sensor can be used for surface temperature monitoring of lithium-ion batteries and for detecting abnormal temperature rise processes.

Key words: flexible temperature sensor, lithium-ion battery, thermal safety, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), graphene oxide (GO), printing technology

中图分类号:

X946

郑祥鹏, 谢松. PEDOT:PSS/GO柔性温度传感器制备及锂电池热安全监测[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(7): 171-179.

Zheng Xiangpeng, Xie Song. Fabrication of PEDOT:PSS/GO flexible temperature sensors and research on thermal safety monitoring of lithium-ion batteries[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(7): 171-179.

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传感器	温度范围/℃	灵敏度/%
文中所构传感器	20~70 / 20~30	-1.43 /-3.7
P/Ag-MWCNT^[10]	25~80	-0.45
P/rGO/SWCNT^[11]	25~45	-0.63
P/CNT^[12]	30~50	-0.31
P/MWCNTs^[13]	15~80	-0.83
P/rGO^[14]	30~45	-3.36
P/GO^[15]	20~100	-1.09
P/GO^[16]	30~50	-1.69
P/CuPc^[17]	20~80	-0.19
P/ZnO^[18]	30~60	-1.06
P^[19]	25~75	-0.50
P/PANI^[20]	30~190	-0.803