中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 49-54.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.08.008

• 安全系统学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于组合模型的地铁车站行人疏散仿真优化研究

冯诚1, 杨静**1 副教授, 张红亮2 副教授, 冯焕东3   

  1. 1 北京建筑大学 土木与交通工程学院,北京 100044;
    2 北京交通大学 交通运输学院,北京 100044;
    3 北京清华同衡设计研究院有限公司 贵州分院,贵州 贵阳 550009
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-09 修回日期:2019-07-03 发布日期:2020-10-21
  • 通讯作者: ** 杨 静(1980—),女,河北张家口人,博士,副教授,主要从事交通枢纽方面的研究。E-mail:yangj@bucea.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:冯 诚 (1995—),女,北京人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为城市轨道交通。E-mail:616148005cheng@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1201601);北京市教育委员会科技计划一般项目(SQKM201810016006);北京市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助 (X18264);北京建筑大学教育科学研究项目(Y1829)。

Research on pedestrian evacuation simulation in rail transit station based on combined model

FENG Cheng1, YANG Jing1, ZHANG Hongliang2, FENG Huandong3   

  1. 1 School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China;
    2 School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
    3 Guizhou Branch, Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning & Design Institute, Guiyang Guizhou 550009, China
  • Received:2019-05-09 Revised:2019-07-03 Published:2020-10-21

摘要: 为提高疏散情况下地铁车站内行人运动行为仿真的准确性与高效性,提出采用社会力模型中的行人间排斥力、出口吸引力和障碍物排斥力理论,优化元胞自动机(CA)模型环境,构建基于组合模型的行人疏散仿真模型;采用移动残差计算法,优化元胞在网格中的移动规则;最后通过仿真试验标定行人疏散路径决策参数(静态吸引场参数、障碍物排斥场参数、力场耦合参数)。结果表明:基于组合模型的行人疏散仿真模型能够依据不同行人速度变更的移动规则,模拟出行人受障碍物、其他行人影响作用下的行人流动情况,更真实地反映疏散情况下行人流动情况,提高城市轨道交通运营安全决策水平。

关键词: 城市轨道交通, 行人疏散仿真, 元胞自动机(CA)模型, 社会力模型, 移动残差

Abstract: In order to improve accuracy and efficiency of pedestrian movement simulation in subway station, pedestrian repulsion in social force model, attractiveness of exit and obstacle repulsions were introduced to improve environment of CA model and a combined evacuation simulation model was proposed. Then, moving residual calculation was adopted to improve cell movement rules in grids. Finally, pedestrian evacuation path decision parameters (including static fields of attractiveness, obstacle repulsion fields, and force field coupling parameters) were calibrated through simulation experiments. The results show that the proposed model can describe pedestrian movement law in case of evacuations more truthfully by simulating pedestrian flow under influences of obstacles and other pedestrians based on different speed, thus improving safety decision making of urban rail transit operations.

Key words: urban rail transit, pedestrian evacuation simulation, cellular automaton(CA)model, social force model, moving residual

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