基于火灾痕迹的起火点判定研究现状及展望

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.01.2351

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 238-246.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.01.2351

基于火灾痕迹的起火点判定研究现状及展望

牛甜辉¹^,²(), 耿佃桥¹^,²^,^**(), 苑轶², 赵亮², 董辉², 王柏³

¹ 东北大学材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳 110819
² 东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳 110819
³ 应急管理部沈阳消防研究所,辽宁沈阳 110034

收稿日期:2023-08-12 修回日期:2023-11-15 出版日期:2024-01-28
通讯作者:
**耿佃桥(1982—),男,山东淄博人,博士,副教授,主要从事火灾蔓延数值模拟等方面的研究。E-mail:neugeng@163.com。
作者简介:
牛甜辉 (1997—),男,甘肃华亭人,硕士研究生,研究方向火灾烟尘沉积数值模拟。E-mail:neunth@163.com。
耿佃桥,副教授
苑轶,副教授
赵亮,讲师
董辉,教授
王柏,助理研究员
基金资助:
沈阳市科技计划项目(21-108-9-16)

Research status and prospect of fire origin determination based on fire traces

NIU Tianhui¹^,²(), GENG Dianqiao¹^,²^,^**(), YUAN Yi², ZHAO Liang², DONG Hui², WANG Bai³

¹ Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang Liaoning 110819, China
² School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang Liaoning 110819, China
³ Shenyang Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Shenyang Liaoning 110034, China

Received:2023-08-12 Revised:2023-11-15 Published:2024-01-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为帮助火灾调查人员快速准确地确定起火点位置、完善事故调查证据链,进而探明火灾原因,综述基于火灾痕迹的起火点判定研究现状。首先,介绍火灾痕迹分类,包括燃烧痕迹、烟熏痕迹、倒塌痕迹及电器线路痕迹,着重介绍烟熏痕迹的研究现状及不足;然后,综述当前国内外多种起火点判定方法,将其分为利用经验、数值重构技术以及机器学习算法等3种,并分别分析3种方法的优势和不足;最后,展望未来起火点判定技术的研究趋势。结果表明:利用烟熏痕迹数值模拟结合机器学习进行起火点判定具有良好的应用前景。

关键词: 起火点, 火灾痕迹, 数值重构, 机器学习, 烟熏痕迹

Abstract:

In order to help fire investigators determine the location of the fire origin, improve the chain of evidence in accident investigations and identify the cause of the fire quickly and accurately, the researches on fire origin determination based on fire traces were reviewed in present paper. First, fire traces were classified, including burn marks, smoke marks, collapse marks and electrical wiring marks, with emphasis on soot deposition traces. Then, multiple fire origin determination methods at home and abroad were reviewed and classified into three categories: determining the fire origin directly using experience, determining the fire origin using numerical reconstruction techniques, and determining the fire origin using machine learning algorithms. The advantages and limitations of each method were analyzed respectively. Finally, the future research tendency of fire origin determination technology was prospected. The results show that numerical simulation of soot deposition traces combined with machine learning for fire origin determination has a good perspective for application.

Key words: fire origin, fire traces, numerical reconstruction, machine learning, soot deposition traces

中图分类号:

X932爆炸安全与防火、防爆

牛甜辉, 耿佃桥, 苑轶, 赵亮, 董辉, 王柏. 基于火灾痕迹的起火点判定研究现状及展望[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(1): 238-246.

NIU Tianhui, GENG Dianqiao, YUAN Yi, ZHAO Liang, DONG Hui, WANG Bai. Research status and prospect of fire origin determination based on fire traces[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(1): 238-246.

图/表 6

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基于火灾痕迹的起火点判定研究现状及展望

Research status and prospect of fire origin determination based on fire traces

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