Abstract:

To meet the requirements of the future Trajectory-Based Operation (TBO) mode, improve air traffic safety and efficiency, and obtain executable four-dimensional (4D) trajectory results with multi-point control, this study first established a fundamental 4D trajectory dynamics model by integrating atmospheric environment modeling, aircraft point-mass motion modeling, and performance modeling. Subsequently, a 4D trajectory simulation framework was developed using Simulink to validate the executability of the fundamental dynamics model. Following this, an optimal control-based 4D trajectory waypoint control model was constructed with reference trajectories as optimization targets, where the waypoint control problem was transformed into a nonlinear programming problem through the Radau pseudospectral method. Finally, comparative analyses were conducted using historical flight data from QAR. Results demonstrate that the simulated velocity and mass parameters exhibit zero deviation from QAR records, while median errors in longitude, latitude, and altitude are 0.000 11°, 0.001 2°, and 19.24 m, respectively, all satisfying safety separation requirements. Critical parameters including position, time, and heading angle at selected waypoints showed zero deviation. Notably, strict control of 13 waypoints is achieved within a 65-minute flight segment.

Key words: trajectory based operation(TBO), four-dimensional trajectory, crossing-point control, dynamics, quick access recorder(QAR), aircraft