China Safety Science Journal

Analysis of direct cause of accident and relationshipbetween hazard and hidden danger

FU Gui, ZHANG Shijie

2018, 28(5): 1-5. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.001

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In order to correctly understand what are the direct causes of an accident and facilitate enterprises to establish the dual-prevention mechanism that has been promoted in China work safety management currently.An accident case was introduced and a clear definition of accident was put forward.The accident was decomposed into several events,and the direct causes of the accident were analyzed.The contents of hazard and hidden danger and the relationship between them were analyzed according to the current domestic and international regulations and standards and the theory of accident causation.The results show that the direct causes of an accident can be unsafe acts and unsafe conditions,or energy and its exchange,that an accident,accident causes and accident consequence are corresponding events respectively,that both hazard and hidden danger are causes or potential causes of an accident,and that there are three views on the relationship between hazard and hidden danger,including equivalent,inclusion and parallel,and the advantages,disadvantages and compliance are different,and among them,the view taking hazard as hidden danger is in accordance with the current regulations and standards.

Surface EMG based analysis of recovery from lumbar fatigue for driver on prairie highway

WANG Yuhua, QI Chunhua, ZHU Shoulin, XIE Songfang

2018, 28(5): 6-11. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.002

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To study the characteristics of recovery from waist muscle fatigue for drivers driving on the prairie highway,drivers' lumbar muscle recovery experiments were carried out in a simulated grassland highway driving environment.The waist electromyographic signal was collected before the test,the end of the driving and fatigue recovery phase by MP150 multi-channel physiological tester acquisition.The paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test statistical analysis were carried out,drivers waist muscle fatigue recovery characteristics were discussed on the prairie highway.The results show that there is a positive correlation between the time-domain indices (AEMG,IEMG and RMS of sEMG) and the recovery time,and there is a negative correlation between the frequency domain indices (MF and MPF) and the recovery time.Recovery rate is inversely proportional to recovery time.

Analysis of psychological factors affecting drink-driving

JIN Jieling, DENG Yuanchang

2018, 28(5): 12-17. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.003

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The authors think that more effective preventing and controlling require exploring the influence of drivers' psychological factors on their drink-driving behavior.The survey data from 327 copies of a questionnaire were analyzed,and two explanatory variables of regional culture norm and moral norm were introduced into the traditional theory of planned behavior.An SEM of drink-driving behavior based on Ex-TPB was built to analyze the relationships between the drivers' drink-driving behavior and their psychological factors.The results show that Ex-TPB possess better explanation and predictive performance for drink-driving behavior,that behavioral intention has a strong influence on drink-driving behavior,that in the factors influencing behavioral intention,behavioral attitude has a great influence on behavioral intention,perceptual behavior control is second,meanwhile,the influence degrees of regional culture norm and moral norm on behavioral intention are close to that of subjective norm.

Study on implicit safety attitude of miners based on SC-IAT

XING Baojun, TANG Shuiqing, LI Naiwen, NIU Lixia

2018, 28(5): 18-23. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.004

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In order to prevent habitual violation of miners and accidents,the authors attempted to use SC-IAT to measure the implicit safety attitude of miners.Through the Inquisit 4.0 software SC-IAT psychology writing safety attitude measurement procedures,the existence of implicit attitude of mine safety and miners explicit safety attitudes were measured by designing a safety attitude scale,and a comparison was made between the measurement results of implicit and explicit safety attitude using correlation analysis of SPSS 21.0.The results show that the subjects of miners overall have a positive implicit safety attitude,that age,education,jobs and other demographic indicators have no significant impact on the implicit safety attitude of miners,and that implicit safety attitude and explicit safety attitude have no correlation between each other,and they are separating from each other,belonging to different constructions.

Research on training method for enhancing driver 's stress response ability

ZHANG Yali, YUAN Wei, FU Rui, WANG Hongxia

2018, 28(5): 24-29. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.005

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For the sake of improving the ability of the driver to deal with the sudden traffic situation and preventing traffic accidents,the typical stress scenarios in China were collected,and a three-dimensional database was established for stress scenarios for different road types and weather conditions.Then a training method was developed for enhancing driver's stress response ability based on a summary of domestic and foreign literature which contains three parts: the schulte box training was used to improve attention,the selective reaction tester was used to enhance response capability,and the three-dimensional stress scenario library based on driving simulator was used to intensify driving skills.Finally,20 testees were trained.Stress disposal performance was selected as index to assess the performance of the testees.The results show that in 83.33% of stress scenarios,the stress disposal performance of the testees is improved by training,that in the case of a single scenario,the performance is significantly improved and kept stabilized,and that the training method of driver 's stress response ability developed by the authors of this paper has a good effect on improving the driver' s response ability and operation accuracy.

Research on construction of safety systematics outline

HUANG Lang, WU Chao, WANG Bing

2018, 28(5): 30-36. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.006

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This study was aimed at perfecting the theoretical system of safety systematics.Firstly,the differences and connections between safety system thinking and system safety thinking were discussed.Secondly,two research directions of safety systematics were summarized,namely the safety system thinking direction and the system safety thinking direction,and the sub theory branches of the above two directions were analyzed.Based on this,a theoretical system framework of safety systematics was constructed.Research result shows that connotations of system safety thinking are different from those of safety system thinking; safety systematics contains eight cognitive-typed basic theories at the "safety" aspect,and eight practical-typed basic theories at the "system" aspect; the theoretical system framework of safety systematics is constructed by combining safety systems different in size with the two research directions and their sub theory branches.

Prediction of accident injury severity of vehicle frontal crash under extreme conditions

WANG Shufeng, ZHANG Dawei, LIU Zongfeng

2018, 28(5): 37-42. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.007

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To reduce the crash injury severity of vehicle-vehicle crash to the maximum extent,the frontal crash under extreme conditions was taken as the research object.The extreme conditions mean there is no time for the drivers to avoid crashes.The evaluation indexes of predicting crash injury severity were analyzed.Then the forward reasoning method was used to build predictive models for velocity change ΔV before and after the full-overlapping and oblique crash.The model were used to analyze the influences of different factors on the velocity change ΔV.After that,the influence relationships were correlated with the standard value of crash injury severity to predict the injury severity.Finally,an example was used to verify the proposed prediction method of crash injury severity.The analysis results show that with a given pre-crash relative velocity and a given pre-crash angle between the two vehicles,the crash injury severity has a significant negative correlation withthe mass ratio of two vehicles,with a given mass ratio and a given pre-crash angle,the crash injury severityhas a significant positive correlation with the pre-crash relative velocity,that under the extreme conditions,the injury severity caused by a full-overlapping crash is greater than that by a oblique crash,and that before a crash the drivers can not avoid,they should control the vehicles' pre-crash velocities and pre-crash angle to the best of their abilities.

Research on method of evaluating harmfulness of metro vehicle failure mode

LI Lei, SHI Jizhong, ZHANG Xiaoqiang

2018, 28(5): 43-48. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.008

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To improve the accuracy of evaluation of failure modes criticality of metro vehicle,a method based on information axiom and interval 2-tuple linguistic was worked out.In this paper,firstly,the evaluation value of risk factors adopted linguistic value,and the interval two tuple linguistic was used to deal with the linguistic value.Secondly,the subjective and objective weight of risk factors were considered simultaneously.Thirdly,the calculating method of information was presented based on information axiom and the interval two tuple linguistic,and according to the size of the information,the failure mode criticality was evaluated.Finally,the method was applied to an example and compared with other methods to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.The results show that failure mode criticality got by using the method conforms with the reality,and that the results are more objective and accurate than those obtained by using other methods.

Study on sensitivities of reconstruction system to parameters for collision between sedan and electric two-wheeler

LI Wei, QIAN Yubin, FENG Hao

2018, 28(5): 49-55. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.009

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In order to determine the sensitivities of accident reconstruction system to parameters for collision between sedan and electric two-wheeler,affecting parameters were identified according to a real case and an orthogonal test was designed and carried out,and the sensitive orders of parameters affecting the stopping positions of sedan,electric two-wheeler and cyclist were obtained through variance analysis.And another case was reconstructed by PC-Crash for 2 times,according to whether or not the sensitivity ranking was used,to verify credibility and reliability of the research conclusions.The results show that the sensitive parameters affecting the final position of the sedan only is deceleration of sedan,sensitivity orders of parameters affecting the final positions of electric two-wheeler and cyclist are as follows: longitudinal angle of two vehicles at collision > collision point > driver's reaction time > velocity of sedan > centroid height of electric two-wheeler > steering angle of sedan、velocity of sedan > speed of electric two-wheeler > longitudinal angle of two vehicles at collision > collision point,and the reconstruction of the accidents,in accordance with sensitivity order of parameters can reduce the speed error and the final position error of each participant significantly.

Research on relationship among safety climate in community, residents participation and attachment

TONG Ruipeng, ZHAI Cunli

2018, 28(5): 56-61. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.010

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In order to build a good climate of community safety and further improve community safety management,relationships among residents participation,community attachment and community safety climate was studied.Before analyzing the relationships,two dimensions of residents participationincluding residents participation willingness and residents participation ability and five dimensions of community safety climate including safety awareness,safety communication,safety education,risk preparation and management attention were identified.113 effective copies of a questionnaire were collected and analyzed by using the SEM method.The results show that residents participation willingness has a direct and positive impact on community attachment and community safety climate,that residents ability to participate has a direct and positive impact on community attachment,safety communication,safety education,risk preparation and management attention,and that community attachment plays a part-mediated role in the influence of residents participation on community safety climate.

Three "firewalls" for preventing individual and organizational accidents in scope of near-miss event

TIAN Shuicheng, ZHOU Kerou, YANG Xuejian, YANG Pengfei, ZHANG Detao

2018, 28(5): 62-67. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.011

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To promote the implementation of dual prevention mechanism,prevent frequent industrial accidents,this paper defines the concept of individual accidents and organizational accidents in view of the current situation of safety management,explores the causation mechanism of two types of accidents from the view of the three types of hazard theory and near-miss methodology,builds a near-miss accident three-dimensional management model which elaborates the development process of hazard-hidden peril-accident from the logic dimension,time dimension and knowledge dimension,and presents a closed-loop management mode based on the concept of three "firewall" for industrial organization accident.The results show that the mode incorporates risk-grading control,hidden peril inspection and near-miss reporting management as the main barriers,constituting management closed loop which is helpful in curbing serious accidents.

Research on influences of water soaking-drying on coal spontaneous combustion characteristics and predictive index

ZHAI Xiaowei, GE Hui, WANG Kai, WU Shibo, WANG Tingyan

2018, 28(5): 68-73. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.012

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In order to study the influences of water soaking-drying on the coal spontaneous combustion characteristics,coal samples were treated by using both the vacuum drying method and the natural drying method after water soaking to form two-treated coal samples.Temperature-programming experiments were carried out on both the raw coal sample and the two-treated coal samples to measure volume fractions of the CO and C₂H₄ generated in oxidation process.The spontaneous combustion characteristic temperatures were calculated in light of the change point of CO volume fraction growth rate and C₂H₄ generation temperature of the three coal samples,and the influences of water soaking-drying on the spontaneous combustion characteristic temperature of three coal samples were analyzed.The oxygen consumption rate and exothermal strength were calculated by the oxidative exothermic formulas,and the influences of water soaking-drying on oxidative exothermic performance of three coal samples were analyzed.At last,the influence of water soaking-drying on the Graham coefficient R₂ or R₃ or alkane ratio for prediction accuracy of the coal spontaneous combustion characteristic temperature was analyzed.The experimental researches show that water soaking-drying will change coal spontaneous combustion characteristics,increase the characteristic temperature of coal spontaneous combustion and reduce coal oxidative exothermic performance,Graham coefficient R₂ or R₃ for prediction accuracy of the coal spontaneous combustion characteristic temperature will be decreased by water soaking-drying,and as alkane ratio,the prediction accuracy will be less affected by water soaking-drying.

Research on multi-sensor method for detecting aircraft cargo fire

HE Yongbo, DONG Yushan, LEI Jian, ZHANG Wenjie, XUE Rongrong

2018, 28(5): 74-79. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.013

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In order to solve the problem of high false alarm rate and low response of aircraft fire detectors,an aircraft fire multi-sensor detection method based on smoke,temperature,CO and CO₂ was worked out and a multi-parameter alarm algorithm was developed.First,suitable detectors were selected to form a smoke,temperature,CO and CO₂ multi-sensor detection device.Then the common fire materials and the nuisance sources were used to carry out true and false fire tests in a simulated cargo.The information on characteristics of fire was extracted from the test data,and a multi-parameter alarm algorithm was developed.The results show that the real fire produces a large amount of CO and CO₂,and their mass concentrations increase greatly,that the false fire produces only a very small amount of CO and CO₂,and the concentrations are almost the same as the environment,that the multi-sensor fire alarm device can accurately distinguish the true from false fire source,and reduce the false alarm rate,and that the multi-parameter alarm algorithm responds to fire faster than the single parameter algorithm.

Study on temperature distribution ofunderground transfer hall fire smoke

HAO Yulu, CHEN Junmin, CHEN Keheng, LI Hang, YANG Ming, LI Xue

2018, 28(5): 80-85. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.014

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In order to ascertain the height of the smoke vent for an underground transfer hall in an urban comprehensive transportation hub,based on the Froude criterion,a 1∶10 ratio underground transfer hall mechanical exhaust-air-supply experimental platform was built,and experiments were carried out with the platform and the numerical simulation method.Effects of two variables being HRR and smoke extraction rate on the smoke temperature distribution were studied.The effect of the smoke vent height on smoke extraction efficiency was investigated.The results show that for an underground transfer hall fire,HRR is the most important factor affecting the smoke temperature and there is a positive correlation between the temperature of ceiling smoke and the HRR,and the smoke vent height has no apparent effect on the smoke extraction efficiency.For 10 m height transfer hall the smoke vent should be arranged at the 2-3 meters below the ceiling.

Study on suppression of wheat starch flame by dry water material

LIAO Ruoyu, CHEN Xianfeng, YUAN Bihe, HE Song, DAI Huaming, LI Xin

2018, 28(5): 86-91. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.015

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To explore the starch cloud combustion inhibition effects and inhibition mechanism of dry water materials a kind of dry water material was prepared from white carbon,and experiments were carried out by using a small-scale vertical pipe experiment system and a data acquisition system.Effects of the dry water material were studied on flame morphology,flame temperature,and flame propagation speed of wheat starch cloud.The experimental results show that the dry water material can reduce both the maximum flame temperature and the maximum propagation speed of wheat starch flame,that the mainly physical inhibition by the dry water material is the vaporization of the water from the dry water material and the heat insulation of hydrophobic silica particles with nanometer dimensions,that the inhibition effect of dry water material increases firstly and then decreases slightly with the increasing of wheat starch dust concentration,and that the optimal effect is obtained when the mass concentration of starch is 400 g/m³.

Study on risk of new energy vehicle burning-explosion and control measure

SU Xiaoqian, ZHUANG Yue, DAI Huaming

2018, 28(5): 92-98. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.016

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In view of the burning and explosion accidents of new energy vehicles,the paper was aimed at studying the prevention measures by using the FFMEA method.Based on the statistical accidents data of new energy vehicles in China,the causes of the accidents were analyzed.Then the vehicles are divided into five subsystems through the FFMEA assessment of the various subsystems.It is found that the power subsystem is the largest risk source followed by the infrastructure subsystem,that the battery pack short circuit,battery thermal runaway,and charging pile without overload are also the main failure modes with a high risk,and that prevention and control measures such as optimizing the battery structure,installing collision automatically cut off power sensors and constructing overcharge detection devices will be effective in decreasing the risk.

Reliability evaluation method of hydraulic support based on improved Weibull distribution

WANG Hui, ZHAO Guochao, SONG Yuning, JIN Xin

2018, 28(5): 99-104. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.017

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In order to effectively improve the accuracy of the reliability evaluation of the hydraulic support,accurately describe the functional relationship between the failure rate and the service time of the hydraulic support,an improved Weibull distribution method for reliability evaluation of hydraulic support was proposed basing on the average rank method of solving the parameters of traditional Weibull distribution and improving the establishment of empirical distribution functions and optimizing the solution process of Weibull distribution parameters.The effectiveness of this method was verified by carrying out fixed time truncated tests and referring to the actual service life of the hydraulic support.The results show that compared with the traditional Weibull distribution method,when this method is used to solve the Weibull distribution parameters,the sum of squares due to error (SSE) of the regression model is reduced by 0.131 3,the coefficient of determination (R²) increased by 1.53%,and the adjustment coefficient of determination (Adj R²) increased by 1.82%,the accuracy of the reliability evaluation of the hydraulic support is improved by 0.3% and the evaluation result is more objective.

Deep neural network based posture assessment method and its application

XIONG Ruoxin, SONG Yuanbin, WANG Yuxuan

2018, 28(5): 105-110. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.018

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In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of occupational musculoskeletal disorder,an approach was developed for assessing the risk levels of working postures based on deep neural network.The spatial locations of joints were estimated from on-site video through DNN,then the REBA was employed based on the calculating limb angels for the ergonomic analysis.The method was verified by analyzing typical construction working postures.The results show that the developed methodology can automatically and continually analyze sequence of postures and satisfies the recording conditions like dim light,occlusion of the partial body and low resolution of camera,and that the developed approach improves the traditional REBA via DNN,leading to higher efficiency of assessment for improving professional health of workers.

DEMATEL-BN based dynamic analysis of vulnerability of offshore platforms to leakage

MENG Xiangkun, CHEN Guoming, ZHU Gaogeng, ZHU Yuan, ZHENG Chunliang

2018, 28(5): 111-116. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.019

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To prevent accidents induced by leakage from offshore platforms,an integrated method based on DEMATEL-BN was worked out for performing a dynamic and accurate vulnerability assessment.Three-level indicators were established to identify factors,events and subsystems that may lead to leakage,fire,and explosion.Interactions among the factors influencing the development of accidents were analyzed using DEMATEL.A sequential model was built for describing the escalation from initial events to small-scale fire and explosion A,large-scale fire and explosion B,small-scale leakage C,and large-scale leakage D.The model was converted into a BN to dynamically calculate the posterior probabilities of accidents with the introduction of accident precursor data.The results show that the factors related to organizational management are apt to influence other factors,and the probabilities of severe accidents will increase with time,and that the proposed method overcomes the limitations of traditional methods that cannot utilize the operational data on platforms,and can be used to dynamically evaluate risks in offshore platforms.

Uncertainty measurement theory based evaluation of inherent safety of chemical process

WEI Dan, JIANG Juncheng, NI Lei, SHEN Saili, FU Gang

2018, 28(5): 117-122. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.020

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To address the problem of subjectivity and uncertainty existing in the current chemical safety evaluation methods,the uncertainty measurement theory was introduced to establish an evaluation method of the inherent safety of the chemical process.Evaluation indexes involving material,the reaction and the process conditions were identified.The entropy theory and credible degree recognition were applied to determine the weights of the indexes and the process safety level respectively.And a comparison was made between the safety levels of different processes to choose the inherent safer one.This method was used to evaluate the inherent safety of five process routes.The results were basically consistent with those obtained by using the Dow's method and the Inherent Benign-ness Indicator (IBI).It indicates that the proposed evaluation method is feasible and effective.

Research influence of non-cationic surfactant on wettability of coal

LIN Haifei, LIU Baoli, YAN Min, BAI Yang

2018, 28(5): 123-128. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.021

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To improve the effect of water injection in coal seams,and effectively prevent gas disasters in mines,influences of non-cationic surfactants on the wetting of coal were researched.A JCY contact angle tester and a BZY surface tension tester were used to determine the contact angles and surface tensions of solutions of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS),sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS),fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO),and (TX-100) having different mass concentrations.The solution spread coefficient,critical surface tension,adhesion tension,adhesion work,and surface free energy were calculated.The influences of 4 kinds of surfactants on the wettability of coal were analyzed.The results show that the surface tension and contact angle of the four non-cationic surfactant solutions have a negative first-order exponential function relationship with the solution mass concentration.The spreading coefficient is a power function of the surfactant solution mass concentration; both the adhesion work,and adhesion tension are a negative power function of the solution mass concentration.The surface free energy has a negative linear relationship with the solution mass concentration.The critical surface tension,adhesion tension,adhesion work,and surface free energy of SDBS and SDS solutions are less than those of AEO and TX-100 solutions,but the spreading coefficient larger than those of AEO and TX-100 solutions,which indicates that SDBS and SDS can improve wettability of coal better than AEO and TX-100,and the effect of water injection on coal seams is obvious.

Research on acoustic emission multi-parameter time series based prediction of gas outburst

WANG Yuhong, LIU Lulu, FU Hua, XU Yaosong

2018, 28(5): 129-134. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.022

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In order to accurately predict coal and gas outbursts,a method was worked out for coal and gas outburst prediction based on multi-parameter time series of AE of coal rock mass fracture was proposed.The AE event rate,energy rate,and b value of coal and rock mass were selected as observation parameters,a SW-ESN prediction model was built,and used to fit and predict the multi-parameter time series of AE in coal and rock masses.The swallowtail type mutation series method based on combination of mutation theory and fuzzy mathematics was used to built coal and gas outburst prediction models for the predicted AE sequences.The examples show that the SW-ESN had high prediction accuracy for AE time series,and the predicted results for outstanding situations are basically in accordance with the actual conditions on the site,and that the proposed method has certain validity and feasibility in predicting coal and gas outbursts.

Deformation mechanism of large cross-section entry surrounding rock under dynamic stress and control technology

WANG Cheng, DING Ziwen, XIONG Zuqiang, JIANG Tao, OU YANG Kai

2018, 28(5): 135-140. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.023

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To control the large deformation of surrounding rock of entry with a large section near 20 m² in Chengzhuang mine under the dynamic stress,the failure characteristics and the deformation mechanism of the surrounding rock were studied using numerical simulation method and field measurement method.The results show that the increasing section and a strong recovery disturbance will cause the asymmetrical deformation of surrounding rock of entry,then produce partition destruction inside,that surrounding rock deformation presents the stage characters under the recovering and the driving stress,and in this case,the traditional mono-supporting patterns are difficult to work properly,that a cooperative supporting technology of a new "three high" bolt and the partition grouting reinforcement is required urgently,that after adopting the supporting technology,the floor heave of entry can be reduced by 450 mm,and the convergence of two ribs can be reduced by 800 mm,indicating the surrounding rock deformation of entry has been effectively controlled.

Reliability analysis method for earth-rock aggregate slope based on probability statistics

ZHANG Jianping, ZHOU Dong

2018, 28(5): 141-146. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.024

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In order to describe the practical state of a slope,and to evaluate the stability of a slope more accurately,a reliability analysis method of earth-rock aggregate slope based on probability statistics was worked out.Dual variability of the slope was considered,including uncertainty of the average strength and spatial variation of the strength of a slope.The reliability of a slope was calculated and evaluated with the Monte Carlo method and CDEM.The failure criteria were proposed in qualitative and quantitative way based on the relative displacement between monitoring points.Through the analysis of a typical earth-rock aggregate slope,the reliability of the slope was obtained.The result shows that deformation and failure of a slope are well dependent on the distributive property of the strength,and the correlation between the strength distribution of the material and the stability of a slope can be found with the reliability analysis method based on probability statistics.

Instability factors and control technology for roadway with extra-thick mudstone roof

MA Zhenqian, LIU Yong, LIU Qinzhi, HAN Sen, CHEN Chuan

2018, 28(5): 147-152. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.025

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In order to study the instability factors and sensitivity of roadways with extra-thick mudstone roof,six instability factors were obtained by carrying out field investigation and theoretical analysis.Panel 15107 in Huangyanhui colliery was taken as engineering background,orthogonal experiments of six factors and three levels were carried out using finite difference software FLAC5.0,and significant instability factors were investigated by using variance analysis.Targeted control measures were put forward and field application was carried out.The results show that the significance sequence of instability factors affecting the deformation of extra-thick mudstone roof is as follows: immediate roof strength,roadway width,roof support strength,immediate roof thickness,rib support strength and coal seam strength,and the immediate roof strength,roof support strength and roadway width have a significant influence on the roof deformation,while the most significant factor affecting the roadway rib stability is coal seam strength and rib support strength.The support principle that intensifies the roof strength,and controls the surroundings rock and the roof together was proposed.The field application effect is good,and there is no supporting structure failure phenomenon.

Simulation study on mine ventilation air quantity measurement and error compensation

LI Man, HUO Man

2018, 28(5): 153-158. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.026

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When measuring the air quantity by the wind speed method,due to construction of the support,the wind current in the roadway will be changed.It will result in a large measurement error and affect the accuracy of mine ventilation safety evaluation.In this paper,this problem is resolved.An arched roadway is taken as an example.First,the test points and the corresponding sensor installation positions were determined by using the improved Chebycheff method.Then,a roadway simulation model was built for analyzing the influence of the support on the wind flow distribution by simulation.The wind velocity contours,speed scatter plot on the test line and the wind speeds at the wind measurement points were obtained.A wind speed error compensation equation was obtained from the simulation data to correct the air quantity measurement values.Finally,the results of simulation analysis and error compensation equation were verified by experiments.The research shows that construction of the supports makes the wind speed of each test point increase,causes a relative error of air quantity of 6.5%-6.8%,and the error will be reduced to 0.5%-0.6% by the error compensation.

Current situation of occupational safety and health management and challenge it faces and application prospect of cooperative management mode

CHEN Hong, HOU Congmei

2018, 28(5): 159-165. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.027

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In order to innovate China's occupational safety and health management mode,based on the analysis of management dilemma of occupational safety and health under single management pattern,and the analysis of occupational safety and health,potential challenges to occupational safety and health management were discussed.A kind of basic thinking was shaped about pattern innovation of occupational safety and health management,namely,a cooperative mode should be taken for occupational safety and health management.The cooperation should be cooperation between the government,market subject,social organizations and other kinds of employers and relevant workers among others.The authors point out that cooperative management has become a mainstream mode for management of major public affairs in society,and building a cooperative interaction relationship between multi-subject with multi-degree has become the inevitable requirement of modern social management of occupational safety and health,its application has realistic prospects.

Research on virtual and real combination system for training in mechanical safety protection

ZHOU Cheng, KONG Chao, JU Likai, WANG Yan

2018, 28(5): 166-171. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.028

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In order to cultivate students' or R &D personnel's ability to take safety protection into consideration in product design and improve the essential safety level of products,a system for training in mechanical safety protection was developed.At the same time,a virtual reality training system for mechanical safety and protection,consisting of 4 modules,such as risk assessment learning,safety distance learning,safety device learning and safety protection assessment,was developed with the prototype of the physical training system for mechanical safety and protection,and a manual of mechanical safety protection training system with virtual and real combination was put forward.The results show that the mechanical safety protection system with virtual and real combination has made great use of the complementary advantages of a physical system and a virtual reality system,that it can improve the teaching quality and learning efficiency of mechanical safety knowledge,reduce the cost and risk of the experiment,and be helpful for users to solve the related problems by combining theory with practice.

Research on assessment of risk in air traffic situation based on complex network

WANG Hongyong, WEN Ruiying

2018, 28(5): 172-178. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.029

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The paper was aimed at increasing the capacity of air traffic management systems by developing a new method for measurement of air traffic situation risk based on the theory of complex network.The aircraft,waypoints,and airways were regarded as nodes,and the risk relations among these nodes as edges,a dynamic weighted network model was built.Air traffic situation risk was defined as the sum of weights of all edges in the network.The physical significance of the risk relationships between elements and the detailed modeling process were demonstrated and discussed by some typical practical cases to verify the validity of the model and algorithm.The results indicate that air traffic situation risk increases with the enhancement of the convergence between aircraft,the proximity of aircraft with waypoints,and the deviation of aircraft from the airway,and vice versa,and that this method considering the effects of both airspace and traffic flow can objectively quantify air traffic situation risk.

Research on assessment of risk in hazardous materials transportation on urban road

MA Xiaoli, LIU Yujie, LU Jian

2018, 28(5): 179-184. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.030

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In view of the complex urban road environment and the larger exposed population in the hazardous materials(Hazmat) accidents area,a comprehensive risk assessment model based on possibility and consequences of accidents was built to objectively evaluate the risk of transportation of hazmat on urban roads.Firstly,the risk factors were obtained by exploring Hazmat characteristics and the transportation process.Secondly,ordered Logit model was used to build a risk assessment model of accident probability,and a risk assessment model of accident consequence was built based on material safety diamonds,thus the risk level of each section in the transportation route could be calculated by using the aforementioned models.Finally,the risk of transportation route for Hazmat could be obtained based on the distance weighting method.The results show that the results of risk assessment can provide a sound basis for taking effective prevention and control measures,reducing the probability and losses of accidents occurred on urban roads.

VR-based tunnel fire evacuation commander training system

HU Min, LIU Biwen

2018, 28(5): 185-190. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.05.031

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In order to reduce the casualties caused by tunnel fires,a VR technology based training system for fire evacuation commanders was developed.The system collects commands and voices of commanders through VR devices to dynamically simulate the response of evacuees.By combining the response behavior with self-evacuation behavior of evacuees,and placing it in the fire environment,the evacuation command process was simulated comprehensively,and the command effect was evaluated numerically.The system was simulated in the Dalian Road tunnel model in Shanghai.The results show that the number of rescuers is increasing along with training times,and simulation results of trainees under typical situations can meet the requirements of emergency plans,and that the system can optimize the behavior of commanders through training.

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