连续时变风险下危险品储运选址-选线问题

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.04.027

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 185-191.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.04.027

连续时变风险下危险品储运选址-选线问题

邝雨婕¹^,²(), 赵佳虹¹^,^**()

¹ 广东工业大学土木与交通工程学院,广东广州 510006
² 华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东广州 510641

收稿日期:2021-12-01 修回日期:2022-03-09 出版日期:2022-04-28 发布日期:2022-10-28
通讯作者: 赵佳虹
作者简介:
邝雨婕 (1997—),女,广东清远人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为危险品运输,应急管理和运输安全管理。E-mail: 347277271@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(61803091); 广东省自然科学基金资助(2016A030310263); 广东省自然科学基金资助(2022A1515010192); 广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目国家级和省级项目(201911845040); 广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目国家级和省级项目(2018118450126)

Location and routing of dangerous goods' storage and transportation under continuous time-varying risks

KUANG Yujie¹^,²(), ZHAO Jiahong¹^,^**()

¹ School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Guangdong 510006, China
² School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Guangdong 510641, China

Received:2021-12-01 Revised:2022-03-09 Online:2022-04-28 Published:2022-10-28
Contact: ZHAO Jiahong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高危险品储运安全性,针对一类连续时变风险下的危险品储运选址-选线问题,协同优化仓库选址、运输选线和运量分配决策。首先,考虑应急救援的持续影响,构建连续时变风险的非线性度量模型;然后,以总连续时变风险最小和总成本最小为优化目标,基于局部连通城市路网,建立0-1混合整数多目标非线性规划模型;最后,根据模型复杂性,设计基于逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)的遗传-Dijkstra阶段式求解算法,并通过算例验证模型及算法的有效性。结果表明:相较于现有管理方案,考虑连续时变风险的危险品仓库选址及运输路线选择方案,能减少48.79%的总储运风险,更有利于危险品的储运安全。

关键词: 连续时变风险, 危险品储运, 选址-选线, 应急救援, 逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)

Abstract:

In order to improve safety of dangerous goods' storage and transportation, considering the location and routing problems under continuous time-varying risks, warehouse location, transportation routes and flow allocation were optimized simultaneously. Firstly, a nonlinear assessment model for continuous time-varying risks was formulated considering continuous influence of emergency rescues. Then, with minimization of total risks and cost as optimized goals, a multi-objective nonlinear 0-1 mixed integer programming model was developed based on locally connected urban network. Finally, TOPSIS-based Dijkstra phased solution algorithm was designed according to the model's complexity, and several examples were used to verify the effectiveness of the model and algorithm. The results show that compared with current management schemes, the proposed method, which considers continuous time-varying risks, can reduce 48.79% of risks, and therefore provides a better plan for dangerous goods' storage and transportation.

Key words: continuous time-varying risk, dangerous goods' storage and transportation, location and routing, emergency rescue, technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS)

邝雨婕, 赵佳虹. 连续时变风险下危险品储运选址-选线问题[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(4): 185-191.

KUANG Yujie, ZHAO Jiahong. Location and routing of dangerous goods' storage and transportation under continuous time-varying risks[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(4): 185-191.

图/表 7

图1

图2

表1

表2

表3

实际算例的优化方案同现有方案的对比结果

决策	优化目标	现有方案	新方案	变化率/%
选址	风险	8.90×1 $022$	3.09×10²³	+247.19
选址	成本/元	1.68×10⁷	3.12×10⁷	+85.71
选线	风险	6.16×10²³	5.22×1 $022$	-91.52
选线	成本/元	8.06×10⁶	7.41×10⁵	-90.81
选址- 选线	风险	7.05×10²³	3.61×10²³	-48.79
选址- 选线	成本/元	2.49×10⁷	3.13×10⁷	+25.70

表3

表4

表5

参考文献 16

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节点	建设成本/元	运营成本/元	存储能力/ (t·a^-1)	人口密度/ (百人·km^-2)
6	4 291 951	600 326	6 000	2.31
7	3 748 137	764 508	6 000	0.76
8	3 746 256	782 949	6 000	0. 59
9	3 489 505	733 797	6 000	2.11
10	3 631 024	828 488	6 000	1.57
11	2 424 362	708 616	6 000	0.40
12	4 008 556	657 516	6 000	0.49
13	3 099 541	534 283	6 000	0.90
14	4 132 514	881 849	6 000	2.40
15	3 680 144	740 102	6 000	0.13
16	3 537 588	709 566	6 000	1.41

规模(节点, 线路,变量, 约束)	风险	成本/ 元	目标值与最优值相差占比/%	时间/ s
小(57,2 220, 227,67)	1.61×10²³	1.40×10⁷	0	15
中(115,7 079, 912,133)	2.12×10²³	3.16×10⁷	18	22
大(230,22 977, 3 622,263)	7.63×10²³	6.55×10⁷	43	99

情景	风险		成本/元		目标值与最优值相差占比/%		时间/s
情景	优化结果	变化率/%	优化结果	变化率/%	优化结果	变化率/%	优化结果	变化率/%
基础测试算例	2.12×10²³	—	3.16×10⁷	—	18	—	22	—
情景1	2.68×10²²	-91.51	3.11×10⁷	-1.58	41	+127.78	17	-22.73
情景2	1.76×10²³	-16.98	3.16×10⁷	0	74	+311.11	22	0
情景3	2.35×10²³	+10.85	3.14×10⁷	0.63	61	+238.89	25	+13.64
情景4	2.71×10²⁴	+1178.30	4.03×10⁷	27.53	—	—	217	+886.37

连续时变风险下危险品储运选址-选线问题

Location and routing of dangerous goods' storage and transportation under continuous time-varying risks

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