相似情景知识迁移下工程人员安全事故主观概率仿真

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.07.1047

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究规避行为下相似情景知识迁移对工程人员安全事故主观概率的影响,引入情景相似度变量,构建工程人员群体安全事故的主观概率演化模型,并进行仿真试验研究。研究结果表明:相似情景知识迁移会加速主观概率均值收敛,同时降低个体间和情景间的主观概率差异,但也会导致低估高事故率情景的情况;存在死亡人数最多的“高危”事故情景,其事故率在0.4~0.8之间;2种不同情景的死亡率差异较大情况下,仅在低死亡率情景的事故率高于高死亡率情景时,情景知识迁移才有助于降低损失;2种不同情景的死亡率接近且事故率差异较大时,知识的不完整迁移反而会造成更大损失。

关键词: 情景相似度, 知识迁移, 工程人员, 安全事故, 主观概率, 规避行为, 元胞自动机(CA)

Abstract:

To study the influence of similar scenario knowledge transfer on the subjective probability of safety accidents of engineers under avoidance behavior, the scenario similarity variable was introduced, and a subjective probability evolution model for safety accidents among engineering personnel groups was constructed and simulated. The results show that knowledge transfer in similar scenarios accelerates the convergence of the mean subjective probability, and reduces the subjective probability differences between individuals and scenarios, but also leads to the underestimation of accident rates in high-accident-rate scenarios. There is a "high-risk" accident scenario with the largest number of fatalities, where the accident rate ranges from 0.4 to 0.8. When there is a significant mortality rate difference between two scenarios, scenario knowledge transfer reduces losses only if the low-mortality-scenario has a higher accident rate than the high-mortality one. With close mortality rates but greatly varying accident rates, incomplete knowledge transfer may cause greater losses.

Key words: scenario similarity, knowledge transfer, engineering personnel, safety accidents, subjective probability, avoidance behavior, cellular automaton (CA)

中图分类号:

X928.02事故处理

张羽, 黎之戊, 钟玮, 贺娟茹. 相似情景知识迁移下工程人员安全事故主观概率仿真[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(7): 106-113.

ZHANG Yu, LI Zhiwu, ZHONG Wei, HE Juanru. Simulation of subjective probability of safety accidents among engineering personnel based on similar scenario knowledge transfer[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(7): 106-113.

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相似系数	高处坠落	物体打击	坍塌事故	起重伤害
高处坠落	1	0.66	0.42	0.59
物体打击	0.66	1	0.51	0.67
坍塌事故	0.42	0.51	1	0.51
起重伤害	0.59	0.67	0.51	1

变量	值域
事故死亡概率R_α/DR	[0,1]
事故发生概率AR_α/AR	[0,1]
事件发生概率ER_α/ER	[0,1]
累计时间T	[0,1 000]
初始个体数量IN	[0,1 000]
情景相似度S	[0,1]
群体幸存人数NS	[0,1 000]
群体平均知识量, 即经历的事故数量AK	[0,﹢∞]
社会主观概率均值M_α/M	[0,1]
社会主观概率离散系数CV_α/CV	[0,﹢∞]

试验	情景	死亡率	事故率	时间步数	相似度
1	1	0.003	0.4	600	0.1/0.5/0.9
1	2	0.003	0.007	600	0.1/0.5/0.9
2	1	0.003	0.001→1	600	0.1/0.5/0.9
2	2	0.003	0.007	600	0.1/0.5/0.9
3	1	0.003	0.001→1	600	0.1/0.5/0.9
3	2	0.6	0.007	600	0.1/0.5/0.9
4	1	0.003	0.8	50/300/ 600/1 000	0.01→0.99
4	2	0.8	0.003	50/300/ 600/1 000	0.01→0.99
5	1	0.003	0.1/0.3/0.5	600	0.01→0.99
5	2	0.003	0.9/0.7/0.5	600	0.01→0.99

S	因变量	情景1(L1)	情景2(L2)	综合情景(L)
0.1	主观概率值	0.327	0.033	0.124
0.1	离散系数	0.220	2.978	0.695
0.5	主观概率值	0.242	0.117	0.176
0.5	离散系数	0.266	0.681	0.408
0.9	主观概率值	0.218	0.198	0.208
0.9	离散系数	0.218	0.251	0.234