中国安全科学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 180-189.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.07.0837

• 公共安全与应急管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于模糊DEMATEL-FCM新生代建筑工人不安全行为研究

成连华1,2(), 刘如萍1,**(), 朱文宇1, 郭慧敏1, 任慧娜1   

  1. 1 西安科技大学 安全科学与工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
    2 西安科技大学 管理学院, 陕西 西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-12 修回日期:2026-05-20 出版日期:2026-08-10
  • 通信作者:
    **刘如萍(2001—),女,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为安全管理。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    成连华 (1977—),男,山东莘县人,博士,教授,主要从事安全管理与安全系统工程方面的教学与科研工作。E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2025JC-YBMS-411)

Unsafe behaviors of new generation construction workers: a fuzzy DEMATEL-FCM approach

Cheng Lianhua1,2(), Liu Ruping1,**(), Zhu Wenyu1, Guo Huimin1, Ren Huina1   

  1. 1 School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China
    2 School of Management, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710054, China
  • Received:2026-03-12 Revised:2026-05-20 Published:2026-08-10

摘要:

为探究新生代建筑工人不安全行为的影响因素,提出一种基于改进决策试验与评价实验室法(DEMATEL)-模糊认知图(FCM)的分析方法。首先,以新生代建筑工人为访谈对象,运用扎根理论提取新生代建筑工人不安全行为的影响因素,构建涵盖外在约束与内在驱动2大核心范畴(含8个主范畴及多项初始范畴)的影响因素体系;其次,引入三角模糊数以改进DEMATEL中的直接影响矩阵,以降低专家评价的主观性,通过计算各影响因素的影响度、被影响度、原因度及中心度,将因素划分为预防区、控制区、预警区和监管区并进行初步分析;最后,结合FCM的预测推理,开展影响因素的动态仿真分析。结果表明:技术差异大、职业发展不明晰及组织归属感弱等因素处于核心地位,且各因素间存在显著的动态传导效应。

关键词: 决策试验与评价实验室法(DEMATEL), 模糊认知图(FCM), 新生代建筑工人, 不安全行为, 三角模糊数

Abstract:

In order to explore the factors influencing unsafe behaviors among new-generation construction workers, an analytical method based on an improved DEMATEL-FCM approach was proposed. First, interviews were conducted with new-generation construction workers, and grounded theory was used to identify the factors influencing their unsafe behaviors. An influencing-factor system was then constructed, comprising two core categories—external constraints and internal drivers—including eight main categories and multiple initial categories. Second, triangular fuzzy numbers were introduced to improve the direct-influence matrix in DEMATEL, thereby reducing the subjectivity of expert evaluations. By calculating the influencing degree, influenced degree, causal degree, and centrality of each factor, the factors were classified into prevention, control, early-warning, and supervision zones for preliminary analysis. Finally, dynamic simulation analysis of the influencing factors was conducted by integrating the predictive reasoning of FCM. The results show that factors such as large technical disparities, unclear career development, and weak organizational belonging occupy core positions, and that significant dynamic transmission effects exist among the factors.

Key words: decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM), new-generation construction workers, unsafe behavior, triangular fuzzy numbers

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