居民感知视角下城市公共安全韧性评估及提升路径研究:以南京市为例

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.09.1879

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为增强城市应对公共安全风险的能力,构建城市公共安全“空间韧性”一体化理论模型,确立居民感知视角下的城市公共安全韧性评价指标体系。并以南京市为例,运用熵权法综合评估其公共安全韧性水平。结果表明:南京市公共安全韧性总体得分为6.851 5,且三元空间之间韧性建设存在结构性失衡问题,即社会空间安全韧性>信息空间安全韧性>物理空间安全韧性。公共安全韧性治理整体性不足、基础建设与设备维护投入缺乏、社会环境风险监测体系不健全以及居民信息安全意识与素养薄弱是导致城市公共安全空间韧性发展失衡的重要原因。可从人本化理念、清晰化策略、系统化思维以及多元化合作等方面采取针对性措施。

关键词: 城市公共安全, 风险感知, 三元空间, “空间韧性”一体化, 韧性评估, 指标体系

Abstract:

To improve the city's resilience in responding to public safety risks, an integrated theoretical model of "spatial resilience" for urban public safety was proposed, and an urban public safety resilience evaluation index system was developed from the perspective of residents' perceptions. The entropy weight method was used to evaluate the public safety resilience level for Nanjing comprehensively. The results indicated that the overall score of Nanjing's public safety resilience was 6.851 5, and there was a structural imbalance in the resilience construction for the ternary space. Furthermore, social space safety resilience was the highest, followed by information space safety resilience, and physical space safety resilience was the lowest. The unbalanced development of urban public safety space resilience can be attributed to several factors including the lack of overall public safety resilience governance, insufficient investment in infrastructure and equipment maintenance, an imperfect social environmental risk monitoring system, and weak information security awareness and literacy among residents. Specific measures can be taken from the aspects of humanistic concepts, clear strategies, systematic thinking, and diversified cooperation.

Key words: urban public safety, risk perception, ternary space, spatial toughness integration, resilience assessment, index system

中图分类号:

X913.4安全系统工程

李崔茜, 王义保, 刘志翔. 居民感知视角下城市公共安全韧性评估及提升路径研究:以南京市为例[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(9): 209-216.

LI Cuixi, WANG Yibao, LIU Zhixiang. Study on resilience assessment and improvement path of urban public safety from perspective of residents' perception: taking Nanjing as an example[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(9): 209-216.

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一级指标	二级指标	三级指标
物理空间安全韧性A	基础设施	公共场所及市政设施安全A₁
		突发事件与救援A₂
		应急设施A₃
	生态环境	生态环境风险A₄
	生态环境	生态环境治理A₅
社会空间安全韧性B	社会环境	人际关系B₁
		居住环境B₂
		个人生活B₃
	社会治安	自身安全B₄
	社会治安	公众安全B₅
	社会保障	社会保障B₆
信息空间安全韧性C	数据安全	数据安全C₁
	信息传播	信息关注C₂
		信息获取C₃
		信息识别C₄

辖区	发放问卷数	问卷回收数	有效数	有效率/%
鼓楼区	62	62	60	96.77
建邺区	31	31	29	93.55
江宁区	34	34	33	97.06
秦淮区	62	62	53	85.48
玄武区	62	62	61	98.39
雨花台区	59	59	59	100.00
合计	310	310	295	95.16

一级指标	物理空间安全韧性		社会空间安全韧性			信息空间安全韧性		综合得分
权重	0.254 8		0.419 5			0.325 7		6.851 5
均分	7.336 2		6.833 7			6.495 5
得分	1.869 0		2.866 9			2.115 6
二级指标	基础设施	生态环境	社会环境	社会治安	社会保障	数据安全	信息传播	综合得分
权重	0.137 6	0.117 2	0.085 7	0.123 3	0.210 5	0.255 7	0.070 0		6.647 2
均分	7.345 2	7.327 1	7.072 3	7.190 7	6.238 1	5.722 0	7.268 9
得分	1.010 6	0.858 5	0.606 2	0.886 9	1.313 0	1.463 2	0.508 8

一级指标	物理空间安全韧性
得分	1.869 0
二级指标	基础设施			生态环境
得分	1.010 6			0.858 5
三级指标	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	A₅
得分	0.407 3	0.383 3	0.215 8	0.448 5	0.409 5

一级指标	社会空间安全韧性
得分	2.866 9
二级指标	社会环境			社会治安		社会保障
得分	0.606 2			0.886 9		1.313 0
三级指标	B₁	B₂	B₃	B₄	B₅	B₆
得分	0.222 6	0.189 8	0.191 8	0.487 8	0.396 0	1.313 0