核电厂事故情境下操纵员任务处理复杂度评估

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.06.1386

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为科学评估核电厂事故情境下操纵员任务处理的复杂度,提出一种基于信息熵与图像熵的核电厂操纵员任务处理复杂度(OTHC)评估模型;该模型从界面信息复杂度(IIC)、任务复杂度(TC)和规程复杂度(PC)3个维度出发,构建包含界面布局、图符、文字、色彩等8个复杂度指标的评估体系,通过熵值法客观赋权,基于模型实现复杂度的定量评估;为验证该模型的有效性,以一回路小破口事故诊断任务为例,提取相关的界面信息与操作流程,构建复杂度网络图并评估复杂度,结合美国国家航空航天局任务负荷指数(NASA-TLX)量表获取主观复杂度数据,分析模型评估结果与操纵员主观复杂度之间的关系。结果表明:一回路OTHC高于二回路;所构建模型评估的复杂度与主观复杂度间具有高度正相关性,能够有效反映实际任务处理复杂度水平。

关键词: 核电厂, 事故情境, 操纵员, 任务复杂度(TC), 评估模型, 图像熵

Abstract:

To rigorously assess the complexity of operator task execution under nuclear power plant accident scenarios, this study proposes an operator task-handling complexity (OTHC) evaluation model based on information entropy and image entropy. The model evaluates complexity from three dimensions: interface information complexity (IIC), task complexity (TC), and protocol complexity (PC). It establishes an evaluation system comprising eight complexity indicators, including interface layout, icons, text, and color. The entropy weighting method was employed to objectively assign weights, enabling quantitative evaluation of complexity using the model. To validate the model's effectiveness, a primary circuit small-break loss-of-coolant accident diagnosis task was used as a case study, for which a complexity network diagram is constructed, and the proposed model is applied to assess complexity. Subjective workload data are collected using the national aeronautics and space administration task load index (NASA-TLX) scale. The results show that the OTHC of the primary circuit is higher than that of the secondary circuit. The complexity assessed by the constructed model is highly positively correlated with subjective complexity, effectively reflecting the actual level of task processing complexity.

Key words: nuclear power plants, accident scenarios, operators, task complexity(TC), assessment model, image entropy

中图分类号:

X945

蒋琪轲, 王炎鑫, 李鹏程. 核电厂事故情境下操纵员任务处理复杂度评估[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(6): 128-133.

JIANG Qike, WANG Yanxin, LI Pengcheng. Assessment of operator task-handling complexity in nuclear power plant accident scenarios[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(6): 128-133.

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复杂度指标	权重w_j
ILC	0.103 0
GC	0.133 3
TEC	0.128 7
CC	0.124 0
PLC	0.108 7
PSC	0.123 0
MTC	0.137 7
IMTC	0.141 9

节点	相邻节点	类别	节点	相邻节点	类别
S	A、B、C、D、E	1	F、G	A	7
A	F、G	2	I、J	B	8
B	I、J	3	K	C、L、M	9
C	K	4	L、M	K	10
D	N	5	N	D	11
E	O、P	6	O、P	E	12

输入	输出	节点	类别
0	1	a	1
1	0	p、q、r、s、t、v	2
1	1	b	3
2	0	u	4
1	2	c、d、e、g、h、l、o	5
2	2	f,k	6

节点	相邻节点	类别	节点	相邻节点	类别
a	b	1	l	g、o、u	10
b	a、c	2	o	j、t、u	11
c	b、d、p	3	p	c	12
d	c、e、f	4	q	e	13
e	d、f、q	5	r、s	k	14
f	d、e、h、k	6	t	o	15
g	h、k、l	7	u	l、o	16
h	f、g、v	8	v	h	17
k	f、g、r、s	9	—	—	—

复杂度指标	一回路	二回路
ILC	1.275	1.451
GC	2.680	2.922
TEC	2.913	2.913
CC	1.701	1.559
PLC	2.106	1.182
PSC	4.059	3.322
MTC	3.500	2.922
IMTC	3.212	3.212
OTHC	2.870	2.626