生态学视域下智慧应急管理系统:内涵、构成、特性与运行机制

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.06.1314

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升智慧应急管理系统(IEMS)的恢复、学习、更新能力,以生态学视角切入,系统剖析IEMS的内涵、构成、特性和运行机制。通过分析生态位控制过程和生态系统特性,揭示IEMS的动态演化性、协同共生性、信息依存性和开放包容性。并基于自适应原理构建智慧应急协同体,强调多主体协同共生的重要性。进一步通过分形理论和双链运行优化策略,优化资源配置与响应流程,提升系统的运行效率和韧性。最终确定五全格局,共同塑造系统的自学习机制。研究结果表明:生态学视域下,IEMS通过生态位控制维持系统稳定,并通过系统的自适应、自组织、自修正、自学习特性实现由被动防御向主动响应的转变。

关键词: 生态学, 智慧应急管理系统(IEMS), 运行机制, 应急管理, 生态系统

Abstract:

To enhance the recovery, learning, and renewal capabilities of IEMS, an ecological perspective was adopted to systematically analyze its connotation, structure, characteristics, and operation mechanisms. By examining the niche control process and ecosystem properties, the dynamic evolution, synergistic symbiosis, information dependence, and openness of IEMS were revealed. Based on the principle of adaptability, an intelligent emergency collaboration body was constructed, emphasizing the importance of multi-agent synergy. Furthermore, resource allocation and response processes were optimized through fractal theory and a dual-chain operational optimization strategy, thereby improving the system's operational efficiency and resilience. Ultimately, a "five-dimension" pattern was established to jointly shape the system's self-learning mechanism. The results show that, from an ecological perspective, IEMS maintains systemic stability through niche control and transforms from passive defense to proactive response through its self-adaptive, self-organizing, self-correcting, and self-learning characteristics.

Key words: ecology, intelligent emergency management system (IEMS), operational mechanism, emergency management, ecosystem

中图分类号:

X913安全系统学

牛莉霞, 李肖萌. 生态学视域下智慧应急管理系统:内涵、构成、特性与运行机制[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2025, 35(6): 10-18.

NIU Lixia, LI Xiaomeng. Smart emergency management system from ecological perspective: connotation, structure, characteristics, and operational mechanisms[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025, 35(6): 10-18.

图/表 5

参考文献 23

[1]	钱丹丹, 许孝君, 张丽. 信息生态视域下医学图书馆智慧服务模式构建[J]. 情报科学, 2023, 41(5): 68-73.
	QIAN Dandan, XU Xiaojun, ZHANG Li. Construction of intelligent service model of medical library from the perspective of information ecology[J]. Information Science, 2023, 41(5): 68-73.
[2]	TERJE A. What is safety science?[J]. Safety Science, 2014, 67: 15-20.
[3]	温志强, 付美佳. 大数据赋能政府应急管理模式变革:类型归结与未来向度[J]. 行政论坛, 2023, 30(4):79-86.
	WEN Zhiqiang, FU Meijia. Big data empowered government emergency management mode change: type attribution and future direction[J]. Administrative Tribune, 2023, 30(4): 79-86.
[4]	张明军, 李天云. 信息技术型构智慧应急管理:内涵、维度与路径[J]. 社会科学辑刊, 2024(4):143-152.
[5]	TALLEY J W. Disaster management in the digital age[J]. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 2019, 6(1/2): 1-5.
[6]	AL-KHAFAJIY M, KOLIVAND H, BAKER T, et al. Smart hospital emergency system[J]. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2019, 78(14): 20 087-20 111.
[7]	牛莉霞, 李肖萌, 王洪妹. 5G时代负系统学视域下智能系统安全分析体系构建[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2024, 34(8):1-10. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.08.0226
	NIU Lixia, LI Xiaomeng, WANG Hongmei. Construction of intelligent system security analysis system under view of negative systematics in 5G era[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024, 34(8): 1-10. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.08.0226
[8]	容志, 陈志宇. 结构性均衡与国家应急管理体系现代化[J]. 上海行政学院学报, 2023, 24(5):4-17.
	RONG Zhi, CHEN Zhiyu. Structural equilibrium and modernization of national emergency management system[J]. The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute, 2023, 24(5): 4-17.
[9]	孙舒榆, 姜红, 吴玉浩. 信息生态视域下城市群科技服务生态系统治理机制研究[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2019, 36(19): 33-40. doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2019030277
	SUN Shuyu, JIANG Hong, WU Yuhao. Governance mechanisms of the science service ecosystem in urban agglomeration from the perspective of information ecology[J]. Science & Technology Progress and Policy, 2019, 36(19): 33-40.
[10]	付美佳, 胡峰. 我国智慧应急发展研究:理论回溯、逻辑框架与实践进路[J]. 灾害学, 2024, 39(3):220-227.
	FU Meijia, HU Feng. Research on the development of intelligent emergency response in China:theoretical retrospect,logical framework and practical approach[J]. Journal of Catastrophology, 2024, 39(3): 220-227.
[11]	牛莉霞, 李肖萌. 5G时代面向情报需求的智慧矿山应急管理新模式研究[J]. 灾害学, 2024, 39(3): 228-234.
	NIU Lixia, LI Xiaomeng. Research on the new model of intelligent mine emergency management oriented to intelligence needs in the 5G era[J]. Journal of Catastrophology, 2024, 39(3): 228-234.
[12]	易承志. 从刚性应对到弹性治理:韧性视角下城市应急管理的转型分析[J]. 南京社会科学, 2023(5): 63-71.
	YI Chengzhi. From rigid response to flexible governance: transformation analysis of urban emergency management from the perspective of resilience[J]. Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences, 2023(5): 63-71.
[13]	李纲, 李阳. 情报视角下的城市智慧应急研究:兼谈熵理论的引入[J]. 图书与情报, 2015(1): 66-71.
	LI Gang, LI Yang. Research on smart emergency in view of intelligence: introduction of entropy theory[J]. Library & Information, 2015 (1): 66-71.
[14]	顾洁, 刘玉博, 王振, 等. 信息生态理论视角下城市数据要素市场就绪度评估[J]. 信息资源管理学报, 2024, 14(2): 82-94, 135.
	GU Jie, LIU Yubo, WANG Zhen, et al. Assessment of urban data element market readiness from the perspective of information ecology theory[J]. Journal of Information Resources Management, 2024, 14(2): 82-94, 135. doi: 10.13365/j.jirm.2024.02.082
[15]	王展昭, 张海洋. 企业生态位、参与度与创新生态系统价值共创的关系:基于知识重组调节作用的分析[J]. 科技管理研究, 2024, 44(21):167-176.
	WANG Zhanzhao, ZHANG Haiyang. The relationship between enterprise niche, participation level,and innovation ecosystem value co-creation:analysis based on the moderating role of knowledge reorganization[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2024, 44(21):167-176.
[16]	赵艺璇, 成琼文. 生态系统视角下企业如何实现“数实”资源融合?[J]. 管理评论, 2024, 36(4): 261-272.
	ZHAO Yixuan, CHENG Qiongwen. An exploration from the ecological perspective on how enterprises can integrate digital and physical resources?[J]. Management Review, 2024, 36(4): 261-272.
[17]	唐鑛, 张莹莹. 数字经济时代劳动关系生态系统的演化与建构[J]. 学术研究, 2024 (1): 79-88, 177.
	TANG Kuang, ZHANG Yingying. The evolution and construction of labor relation ecosystems in the digital economy era[J]. Academic Research, 2024(1): 79-88, 177.
[18]	李瑞昌, 唐雲. 数字孪生体牵引应急管理过程整合:行进中的探索[J]. 中国行政管理, 2022(10): 30-38.
	LI Ruichang, TANG Yun. Digital twins traction process integration of emergency management:an ongoing exploration[J]. Chinese Public Administration, 2022 (10): 30-38.
[19]	张鑫. 智慧赋能应急管理决策的范式转变与使能创新[J]. 江苏社会科学, 2021(5): 55-62.
[20]	张锋. 大数据视域下特大城市应急管理模式反思与重构[J]. 城市发展研究, 2020, 27(9): 12-18.
	ZHANG Feng. Reflection and reconstruction of emergency management mode in megacities from the perspective of big data[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2020, 27(9): 12-18.
[21]	王延飞, 陈美华, 赵柯然, 等. 国家科技情报治理的研究解析[J]. 情报学报, 2018, 37(8): 753-759.
	WANG Yanfei, CHEN Meihua, ZHAO Keran, et al. Analysis of studies on the national governance of scientific and technical information[J]. Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information, 2018, 37(8): 753-759.
[22]	牛莉霞, 李肖萌. 5G时代智慧矿山安全管理新模式[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2021, 31(6): 29-36. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2021.06.004
	NIU Lixia, LI Xiaomeng. A new safety management model of intelligent mines in 5G era[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2021, 31(6): 29-36. doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn 1003-3033.2021.06.004
[23]	俎富豪, 赵秋红, 邓修权, 等. 基于嵌套循环结构的分形应急组织构建研究[J]. 管理评论, 2020, 32(10): 293-306.
	ZU Fuhao, ZHAO Qiuhong, DENG Xiuquan, et al. Research on fractal emergency organization reconstruction based on nested loop structure[J]. Management Review, 2020, 32(10): 293-306.