关键词: 驾驶人, 潜在风险感知能力, 驾驶安全, 动态跟随摩托车, 平行超车, 灰色近优综合评价法

Abstract:

To reduce traffic accident risks, on-road experiments were conducted to investigate the differences in potential risk perception ability between skilled and unskilled drivers under two typical risk scenarios: dynamic motorcycle-following and parallel overtaking. A wearable eye tracker was employed to collect drivers' dynamic visual parameters, with their visual characteristics analyzed across different scenarios. The results demonstrate that skilled drivers exhibit significantly stronger risk perception abilities than unskilled drivers in both scenarios. Specifically, in the dynamic motorcycle-following scenario, skilled drivers show a higher probability of fixating on distant areas ahead, enabling better prediction of upcoming traffic conditions. In the parallel overtaking scenario, skilled drivers display shorter fixation durations, along with greater horizontal search breadth and vertical search depth. Moreover, the proportion of fixation time on rearview mirrors is significantly higher for skilled drivers compared to unskilled drivers, indicating superior visual search efficiency and enhanced rear traffic monitoring capability. Evaluations using the grey near-optimal comprehensive evaluation method reveal that skilled drivers achieved significantly higher scores in hazard perception ability.

Key words: drivers, hazard perception ability, driving safety, dynamic motorcycle-following, parallel overtaking, grey near-optimal comprehensive evaluation method