亲社会工作取向对通信基站维修人员职业健康风险的影响

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.01.0556

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为减少通信基站维修人员的职业健康风险,提升其身心健康水平,基于资源保存理论(COR)构建一个有调节的中介模型,探讨影响通信基站维修人员身心健康的社会心理因素。首先,基于资源保存理论(COR)分析亲社会工作取向对通信基站维修人员职业健康风险的作用路径,提出4点理论假设;其次,构建包含亲社会工作取向、意义性工作、神经质、职业健康风险的假设模型;最后,运用SPSS、PROCESS软件分析来自某大型通信公司的3 559份有效样本数据,验证假设是否成立,并根据实证数据结果提出相应管理启示。结果表明:亲社会工作取向显著负向预测通信基站维修人员的职业健康风险;意义性工作在二者关系中起到部分中介作用;神经质不仅正向调节意义性工作与职业健康风险之间的负向关系,还进一步正向调节上述中介路径的强度,即高神经质个体中,意义性工作的中介作用更强。

关键词: 亲社会工作取向, 通信基站维修人员, 职业健康风险, 意义性工作, 资源保存理论(COR)

Abstract:

To reduce the occupational health risks of communication base station maintenance personnel and improve their physical and mental health, a moderated mediation model was built in this study. It was based on COR to explore the psychosocial factors affecting these personnel's physical and mental health. First, the action path of prosocial work orientation on occupational health risks was analyzed based on the COR, and four theoretical hypotheses were proposed. Second, a hypothetical model encompassing prosocial work orientation, meaningful work, neuroticism, and occupational health risks was established. Finally, SPSS and PROCESS were employed to analyze 3 559 valid sample data from a large communication company to verify whether the hypotheses held true, and corresponding management implications were put forward based on the data. The results show that prosocial work orientation significantly negatively predicts occupational health risks. Meaningful work plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between prosocial work orientation and occupational health risks. Neuroticism not only positively moderates the negative relationship between meaningful work and occupational health risks but also further positively moderates the strength of the aforementioned mediating path—specifically, the mediating effect is stronger among individuals with high neuroticism.

Key words: prosocial work orientation, communication base station maintenance personnel, occupational health risks, meaningful work, conservation of resources theory (COR)

中图分类号:

X910安全人体学

陶梦琪, 李卓轩, 韩少钦. 亲社会工作取向对通信基站维修人员职业健康风险的影响[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2026, 36(1): 50-56.

TAO Mengqi, LI Zhuoxuan, HAN Shaoqin. Impact of prosocial work orientation on occupational health risks of communication base station maintenance personnel[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2026, 36(1): 50-56.

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变量	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9
1.年龄	N/A		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
2.学历	-0.27^**		N/A		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
3.婚姻状况	0.53^**		-0.10^**		N/A		—		—		—		—		—		—
4.工作任期	0.40^**		0.19^**		0.19^**		N/A		—		—		—		—		—
5.亲社会工作取向	0.11^**		-0.04^*		0.07^**		0.07^**		(0.83)		—		—		—		—
6.意义性工作	0.12^**		-0.02		0.09^**		0.11^**		0.57^**		(0.89)		—		—		—
7.神经质	0.05^**		0.01		0.01		0.08^**		0.13^**		0.17^**		(0.82)		—		—
8.躯体症状	0.12^**		-0.06^**		0.08^**		-0.01		-0.08^**		-0.10^**		-0.38^**		(0.92)		—
9.心理症状	-0.01		0.01		0.02		-0.04^*		-0.17^**		-0.23^**		-0.61^**		0.71^**		(0.95)
平均数		34.99		4.76		1.66		5.03		3.55		3.18		2.48		1.57		1.71
标准差		6.78		0.60		0.49		2.30		0.79		0.90		0.88		0.63		0.62

变量	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4
变量	躯体症状	心理症状	躯体症状	心理症状
控制变量
年龄	0.14^***	0.00	0.14^***	0.00
学历	-0.01	-0.02	-0.01	0.02
婚姻状况	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.02
工作任期	-0.02^**	-0.01^*	-0.01	0.00
预测变量
亲社会工作取向	-0.07^***	-0.13^***
意义性工作			-0.11^***	-0.20^***
神经质			-0.49^***	-0.55^***
交互项
意义性工作× 神经质			0.15^***	0.24^***

中介路径	神经质	估计值	标准误	95%CI
亲社会工作取向→意义性工作→躯体症状	/	-0.04	0.01	[-0.06, -0.02]
	IMM	0.09	0.03	[0.04, 0.15]
	高	-0.01	0.01	[-0.01, 0.03]
	低	-0.04	0.01	[-0.07, -0.02]
亲社会工作取向→意义性工作→心理症状	/	-0.08	0.01	[-0.10, -0.06]
	IMM	0.15	0.03	[0.11, 0.21]
	高	0.00	0.00	[-0.02, 0.01]
	低	-0.09	0.01	[-0.11, -0.06]