城市极端爆炸事故引发周边建筑火蔓延行为研究

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.10.2033

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 171-177.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2022.10.2033

城市极端爆炸事故引发周边建筑火蔓延行为研究

张国维¹^,²(), 刘淳元², 张志伟², 张相华³, 袁狄平¹

¹ 中国矿业大学深圳研究院，广东深圳 518000
² 中国矿业大学公共安全与消防研究所，江苏徐州 221116
³ 西北核技术研究所，陕西西安 710024

收稿日期:2022-04-14 修回日期:2022-08-11 出版日期:2022-10-28 发布日期:2023-04-28
作者简介:
张国维（1987—），男，山东临沂人，博士，副教授，主要从事城市火灾防护理论及城市应急救援技术方面的研究。E-mail ： zgw119xz@126.com。
袁狄平教授
基金资助:
江苏省自然科学基金面上项目资助(BK20221548); 广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B111102002)

Study on fire spread behavior of surrounding buildings caused by urban extreme explosion accidents

ZHANG Guowei¹^,²(), LIU Chunyuan², ZHANG Zhiwei², ZHANG Xianghua³, YUAN Diping¹

¹ Shenzhen Research Institute of China University of Mining and Technology， Shenzhen Guangdong 518000， China
² Institute of Public Safety and Fire Engineering， China University of Mining and Technology， Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116， China
³ Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology， Xi'an Shaanxi 710024， China

Received:2022-04-14 Revised:2022-08-11 Online:2022-10-28 Published:2023-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为减少城市内极端火灾爆炸事故引发周边建筑的二次灾害，以城市液化石油气储运装置爆炸事故为例，建立液化石油气储运装置爆炸简化模型和建筑内易燃物辐射引燃模型，提出城市极端爆炸事故引发周边建筑火蔓延行为分析方法。结果表明：城市极端爆炸事故能够引发周边建筑火蔓延行为，爆炸事故产生的热辐射将首先引燃建筑开口处的易燃物。随后，易燃物将引燃建筑内其他可燃物，火势以t²火的趋势发展。当建筑整体过火后，火灾持续燃烧并保持稳定。建筑内部各楼层危险来临时间总体较为接近，温度是影响危险来临时间的主要因素。

关键词: 爆炸事故, 周边建筑, 火蔓延行为, 数值模拟, 辐射引燃模型, 危险来临时间

Abstract:

In order to reduce the secondary disasters of surrounding buildings caused by extreme fire and explosion accidents in the city， taking the explosion accident of liquefied petroleum gas storage and transportation device in cities as an example， a simplified explosion model of liquefied petroleum gas storage and transportation device and a radiation ignition model of combustible materials in buildings were established， and an analysis method of fire spread behavior of surrounding buildings caused by urban extreme explosion accidents was put forward. The results show that the urban extreme explosion accident can cause the fire spreading behavior of surrounding buildings， and the thermal radiation generated by the explosion accident will first ignite the flammable materials at the openings of buildings. Subsequently， combustible materials will ignite other combustible materials in the building， and the fire will develop in the trend of t² fire. When the whole building was over-fired， the fire continued to burn and remained stable. On the whole， the danger arrival time of each floor in the building is relatively close， and the temperature is the main factor affecting the danger arrival time.

Key words: explosion accident, surrounding buildings, fire spreading behavior, numerical simulation, radiation ignition model, dangerous arrival time

张国维, 刘淳元, 张志伟, 张相华, 袁狄平. 城市极端爆炸事故引发周边建筑火蔓延行为研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2022, 32(10): 171-177.

ZHANG Guowei, LIU Chunyuan, ZHANG Zhiwei, ZHANG Xianghua, YUAN Diping. Study on fire spread behavior of surrounding buildings caused by urban extreme explosion accidents[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2022, 32(10): 171-177.

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模型	计算结果
模型	最大火球直径/m	火球持续时间/s
CCPS	174.954	11.522
ILO	169.828	13.176

楼层	温度危险时刻	能见度危险时刻	CO浓度危险时刻	危险来临时刻
1	23.1	22.7	39.8	22.7
2	21.8	34.7	38.5	21.8
3	21.8	35	38.2	21.8
4	22.3	34.7	38.9	22.3
5	23.5	34.1	38.5	23.5
6	23	34	38.2	23
7	22.9	34.2	38.5	22.9
8	22.6	34.5	38.5	22.6
9	22.5	34.1	38.5	22.5
10	23	34	38.2	23
11	22.3	34.2	38.5	22.3
12	22.3	33.9	38	22.3
13	22	34	38.5	22
14	22.3	34	38.3	22.3
15	22.5	34.1	38	22.5
16	22.3	33.8	38.5	22.3
17	22	34	38	22
18	23.9	35	38.5	23.9

城市极端爆炸事故引发周边建筑火蔓延行为研究

Study on fire spread behavior of surrounding buildings caused by urban extreme explosion accidents

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