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    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (8): 272-272.  
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    Multimodal large model-based approach for construction safety hazard recognition
    AN Siqi, CAI Anglin, MA Zicheng, ZHU Baoyan
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (9): 185-192.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.09.1298
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    In order to enhance the automatic recognition of safety hazards and improve safety management in construction scenarios, a multimodal large-model-based method for construction safety hazard recognition was proposed and its core component—the multimodal safety hazard recognition model, LLaVA(Large Language and Vision Assistant)-CS(Construction Site), was implemented. The system integrated images (construction site photos) with safety operating procedures (worker behavior descriptions), leveraging multimodal learning and deep learning technologies to perform real-time monitoring and analysis of construction sites. To support the system's effective operation, a multimodal dataset covering complex conditions such as varying lighting, occlusions, and multi-person scenarios was constructed, addressing the gaps in existing public datasets. Through prompt tuning of the LLaVA-1.5 model, the LLaVA-CS model effectively integrated visual and textual information, enhancing the accuracy and interpretability of safety hazard recognition. Experimental results show that this method achieves an accuracy of 0.722 2 in multiple real-world construction projects, generating detailed explanatory texts in real time to help managers quickly understand specific safety hazard contexts, thereby improving decision-making in safety management. This study innovatively applies multimodal large models to construction safety management systems, providing real-time, interpretable safety monitoring solutions and offering new technical support and optimization directions for construction safety management.

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    A review of technology development of large language model and knowledge graph in field of construction safety
    ZHAO Rongyong, PENG Xingzhu, WEI Bingyu, ZENG Guoyi, LIU Fengnian, YAN Peng
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (12): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.12.0044
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    In order to clarify the potential research value and application prospects of LLMs and KG technologies in the field of construction safety, the existing problems in the knowledge-driven digital transformation of this domain were comprehensively analyzed, and the current state of technological development regarding knowledge graphs and large language models within it was reviewed. First, relevant literature was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science(WoS) databases to define the scope of analysis. Then, the existing problems and challenges in the digital transformation of construction safety were analyzed, and the necessity of introducing KG and LLM was elaborated. Subsequently, the technological development of KG and LLM, along with the current status of their application research in construction safety, was briefly described. Preliminary achievements in the integrated application of KG and LLM within the construction safety domain were explored. Finally, the shortcomings of existing research were summarized, and future research directions are outlined. The results indicate that LLMs and KG technologies have demonstrated significant application potential in various scenarios within construction safety, including knowledge management, risk identification, and intelligent decision-making, highlighting considerable prospects for future implementation. However, current research still faces challenges such as a lack of real-time capabilities and insufficient integration. Future efforts should focus on establishing comprehensive and precise construction safety KG and exploring novel approaches for the integrated application of LLM and KG.

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    Exploration and practice of collaborative training for safety discipline talents between universities and institutions: from integration of science and education to integration of industry and education
    TONG Ruipeng, WANG Leyao, HAN Jixiang, ZHANG-JIANG Bonan, KANG Rongxue, AN Yu
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (7): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.07.1357
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    To cultivate talents with both theoretical innovation and practical abilities in safety science and engineering discipline of universities, this paper explored the educational practice of safety discipline from the integration of science and education to the integration of production and education. First, the integration concepts of science and education and integration of production and education were analyzed under the new Degree Law, establishing the connotation requirements and an educational framework for science-industry-education synergy. Utilizing macro, meso, and micro perspectives, this study constructed robust educational systems, management mechanisms and training programs. Examples from School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering of China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing and National Academy of Safety Science and Engineering illustrated the effective cultivation of talent seeds, the creation of nurturing environments, and the achievement of substantial educational outcomes. Results indicate that this collaborative model significantly enhances the comprehensive development of safety professionals and improves the overall quality of education in the safety discipline.

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    Work safety solution for China's chemical (hazardous chemicals) enterprise
    WANG Haoshui
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (5): 16-22.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.05.0097
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    In order to improve the work safety management level of China's chemical (hazardous chemicals) industry, firstly, the formation of chemical process safety management was expounded, including the traditional management method and the proposal of process safety concept. Then, the characteristics and specific content of the elements of the chemical process management elements system in China were analyzed, including 8 modules and 20 elements. Finally, a systematic solution was proposed, that was, four-element solution with safety leadership, management barrier (responsibility, equipment, management and capability), and safety culture as the primary-level elements. The results show that core elements of four-element solution are the concept, safety leadership, management barrier (responsibility, equipment, management, capability) and safety culture. Among them, safety leadership is the most critical element, leading the concept into practice, responsibility division, equipment upgrading, management system construction, capability improvement and culture cultivation. Other elements together constitute the skeleton of work safety management, and realize systematization. Businesses can help prevent accidents and improve the overall safety level of the industry by taking the lead and promoting the implementation of various elements through participation of all staff.

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    Influence mechanism of psychological fatigue on unsafe behaviors of construction workers
    YAN Haoran, LI Ming, XU Xia, JIANG Xiangting
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (7): 15-21.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.07.1461
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    To reduce the negative impact of psychological fatigue on construction workers' safety, the relationship between psychological fatigue and UB and their underlying mechanisms were investigated. First, based on the characteristics of construction workers and literature review, psychological fatigue was divided into three dimensions: reduced motivation (RM), cognitive weakness (CW), and emotional exhaustion (EE). Secondly, based on protection motivation theory (PMT) and Conservation of Resources Theory (COR), HP was introduced as a mediating variable and SS was introduced as a moderating variable. Finally, Structural Equation Modeling and hierarchical regression analysis were used to explore the mechanism through which psychological fatigue affects construction workers' UB. The results show that psychological fatigue is found to have a significantly positive impact on UB through the three dimensions of RM, CW, and EE; HP is identified to partially mediate the relationship between psychological fatigue and UB. Both the direct effect of psychological fatigue on UB and the mediating role of HP between them are moderated by SS.

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    System fault evolution process based on quantum thought description
    CUI Tiejun, LI Shasha, DENG Wenhao
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (5): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.05.0671
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    In order to study the SFEP and its characteristics, a method for describing SFEP using quantum concepts is proposed. The relationship between SFEP and event function states was discussed. The principle of describing SFEP by quantum thought was studied. The mathematical model of quantum description of SFEP was constructed. The measurement collapse of SFEP quantum states was realized, and the failure mode and its probability were finally determined. The results indicate that SFEP has diversity and uncertainty, event quantum state superposition, measurement collapse, bipolar state, which is the basis of studying SFEP through quantum thought. SFEP can be decomposed into multiple layers, with distinct objects and quantum state superposition modes in each layer. The SFEP quantum states are derived from the superposition of the quantum states of objects at each layer, which is composed of the polynomial product of the probability amplitude of the objects in each layer. The restriction conditions for the formation of the probability amplitude of quantum states of each layer are given. Each dimension of the SFEP quantum state vector is a fault state. The measurement of the factor phase value makes the SFEP quantum state collapse, and the possible failure mode and occurrence probability are obtained.

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    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (10): 247-247.  
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    Efficacy evaluation of fire communication command system based on IPSO-BP
    YU Zhenjiang
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (9): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.09.1418
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    This study provides quantitative support for analyzing current fire communication command systems and enabling their iterative upgrades. A four-level efficacy evaluation index system for brigade-level fire command communication systems was constructed, based on fire communication command system design specifications. This system assessed three key dimensions: operational support capability, data service capability, and communication assurance capability. An IPSO-BP-based system efficacy evaluation method was proposed, building upon BP neural network algorithm. Parameters were optimized using IPSO algorithm. Sample data were acquired through a combination of expert scoring and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied for dimensionality reduction. Simulation comparisons were conducted using three distinct models: BP neural network, PSO-BP neural network, and IPSO-BP neural network. Results demonstrate that IPSO-BP neural network model achieves the fastest convergence speed. Its mean square error decreases by 75.71% compared to BP neural network model and by 45.96% compared to PSO-BP neural network model, representing the lowest error value among the three models. Furthermore, IPSO-BP model reasonably and accurately evaluates brigade-level fire communication command system efficacy, demonstrating considerable generalizability.

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    Theoretical logic and four-dimensional pathways for emergency management discipline construction from perspective of value co-creation
    TAN Shuang, BI Lingfei
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (11): 1-8.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.11.1293
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    To explore innovative pathways for the development of emergency management discipline and address its current bottlenecks, this study systematized the theoretical logic of emergency management discipline construction based on value co-creation theory and designed a four-dimensional framework encompassing goal optimization, community building, full-process value co-creation, and technological empowerment. The results indicate that China's emergency management discipline construction currently faces challenges including fragmented value cognition, insufficient stakeholder coordination, unbalanced resource allocation, and superficial technological empowerment. An integrated theoretical framework incorporating value coupling, community construction, full-process co-creation, and technological empowerment can be constructed to guide disciplinary practice. Applying value co-creation theory can address deep-seated contradictions in discipline construction, thereby promoting its transformation from fragmentation toward systematization.

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    Model for reshaping excellent safety culture
    ZHANG Lin, ZHANG Hua
    China Safety Science Journal    2026, 36 (1): 1-6.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.01.0725
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    A safety culture reshaping model was studied to enable enterprises to carry out safety culture reshaping in a more effective manner and enhance practical outcomes. Typical domestic and international safety culture models were systematically compared and analyzed to summarize their characteristics in terms of element design and logical structure. Based on actual needs of enterprise safety management scenarios, elements adaptation and frameworks integration were carried out, and an excellent safety culture reshaping model. This model incorporated six core elements—leadership, safety philosophy, risk control, communication, systems, and behavior, and deeply integrated within the "being-knowing-doing unity" logical framework. The results show that "excellence" is reflected in ambitious goals, extreme execution, and measurable mechanisms, while the core of "reshaping" lies in "retaining strengths and correcting weaknesses", which involves transforming unscientific safety concepts, revising imperfect systems, improving inefficient communication, and rectifying misleading leadership behaviors. The application of the excellent safety culture reshaping model enables all employees to first establish a solid foundation in values and safety beliefs, then reach a consensus in safety cognition, and finally standardize their safety behaviors, forming a shared behavioral pattern, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of safety culture reshaping.

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    Construction and application of intelligent question-answering model for accident investigation reports based on DeepSeek and RAG
    LI Hua, WU Lizhou, LI Xinhong, ZHANG Yue, FENG Yao, QIN Ziyun
    China Safety Science Journal    2026, 36 (1): 26-34.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2026.01.0840
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    In order to address the constraints of limited corpus resources, restricted input capacity, and data privacy in applying LLMs to the field of safety engineering, a localized accident question-answering model integrating the DeepSeek with a RAG mechanism was constructed to enable intelligent parsing and knowledge services for complex texts, thereby supporting safety management decision-making. A semantic-feature corpus was built based on accident investigation reports and laws and regulations released by government emergency management systems, and technologies such as PaddleOCR, LayoutLMv3, and YOLOv8 were incorporated to accomplish document structure reconstruction and semantic modeling. The model encompassed four stages—document parsing, semantic alignment, knowledge-base construction, and hybrid retrieval—and was designed with capabilities for causal-chain extraction, regulation matching, and semantic mapping. The results indicated that, compared with the Deepseek-r1:32b model without the RAG mechanism, the enhanced model achieved improvements of 7.7% in automated scoring and 17.6% in human evaluation, and the response-speed and stability metrics presented higher numerical performance than those of the baseline model. The model performance was still influenced by the local parameter scale and the knowledge-updating mechanism, yet the experimental findings demonstrate that it is capable of fulfilling the intended functions in the present study.

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    Risk zoo (VIII): metaphorical experiment on effect of golden monkey on unsafe behavior
    TONG Ruipeng, LIANG Fanjie, WANG Denghui, MAO Ying
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (5): 8-15.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.05.0018
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    In order to reduce the incidence of unsafe behaviors and strengthen the effect of unsafe behaviors popularization, a novel golden monkey metaphor was constructed based on the conceptual integration theory. Taking the severity information and the metaphorical framework of unsafe behaviors as independent variables, the experimental process of the unsafe behaviors metaphor was designed to explore the influence mechanism and possible intermediary factors of golden monkey metaphor on unsafe behavior. The results show that golden monkey is a human-subjective, pervasive, and high-frequency unsafe behavior that results in relatively small transient losses. Low severity messages increase willingness to change behavior. The use of golden monkey metaphors to imply unsafe behaviors is more persuasive than nonmetaphors and increases willingness to change behavior. Severity and negative emotions play a suppression effect and a fully mediating effect between severity message and willingness to change behavior respectively, and degree of cognitive fine processing partially mediates the effect between metaphorical framing of unsafe behavior and willingness to change behavior.

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    Interaction mechanism and model of coal mine safety management behaviors
    WANG Dalong, WANG Bingshan, CAO Rui, WANG Zhigang, LYU Hongliang, TONG Ruipeng
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (5): 32-38.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.05.1094
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    In order to explore the interaction mechanism among various behaviors in coal mine safety management, firstly, the coal mine safety management behaviors were divided into organizational safety behavior and individual unsafe behavior. Then, four dimensions and 16 sub-dimensions of organizational safety behaviors were ide.pngied, and 11 types of unsafe behavior were also ide.pngied. Finally, the interrelationships of different dimensions of organizational safety behaviors were explored, and the interaction model of coal mine safety management behavior was constructed. The results indicate that the highest degree of cause is safety supervision and inspection, and the lowest degree of cause is safety accident management. Safety education and training plays an important role as an intermediary and a bridge. The higher centrality of implementing training programs and providing adequate and effective safety training indicates that they dominate the interactions of organizational safety behaviors. The most common unsafe behavior is the failure to effectively stop and correct violations. The interaction model of coal mine safety management behavior includes a driving mechanism and a feedback mechanism.

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    Data-driven correlation analysis and early warning strategy for potential safety hazards in construction
    ZENG Dalin, XIAO Fangzheng, JIANG Zhichao, ZHANG Haiyang
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (5): 56-63.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.05.0883
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    To explore the potential early warning value of construction safety hazard data and improve the efficiency of hazard ide.pngication and control, this study investigated a data-driven approach for the association analysis and early warning strategy of construction safety hazards by integrating text mining, association rule mining, and complex network theory. First, 1 405 construction safety inspection records in 2023 were standardized and dimensionally reduced using text mining techniques, resulting in the extraction of 67 safety hazard features. Then, 70 frequent itemsets and 125 strong association rules were obtained using the Apriori algorithm, and the types of hazard associations were ide.pngied. Subsequently, a hazard feature network was constructed based on complex network theory. Key hazard features were ide.pngied through structural and node-level indicators, combined with feature modularity analysis. Finally, a feature-driven early warning strategy was proposed. The results show that text mining effectively reduces the dimensionality of unstructured hazard data. The hazard feature network based on association rules successfully reveals hidden associations within the data and enhances the reliability of early warning information, providing clear direction and reference for on-site hazard detection. The early warning strategy helps address the issues of disorder and inefficiency in traditional hazard inspections.

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    A SEM-based study of influence of miners'Big Five personality traits and emotions on unsafe behaviors
    TIAN Shuicheng, NIE Yurong, CHEN Lei, ZHANG Xiaoya
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (8): 22-32.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.08.0723
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    In order to further prevent coal mine safety accidents triggered by miners'personality traits and psychological factors, this study adopts the Big Five personality model to assess personality traits. From the perspective of emotions, this study explores the predictive role of the Big Five personality and emotions in miners'unsafe behaviors, while also examining the moderating effect of emotions on the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and unsafe behaviors. First, SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 were used to analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Then, a SEM was established to verify the hypotheses. On this basis, the hierarchical regression analysis method was employed to test the moderating effect of emotions. The results show that: the three personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism, and openness, and negative emotions positively influence unsafe behaviors. The two personality traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness, and positive emotions negatively affect unsafe behaviors. Positive emotions play a moderating role in the relationship between the openness personality trait and unsafe behaviors. Negative emotions have a moderating effect in the relationships between the four personality traits of neuroticism, openness, extraversion, and agreeableness and unsafe behaviors. Therefore, coal mining enterprises can identify potential safety hazards and develop strategies to intervene in employees'unsafe behaviors based on workers'personality traits and emotional states, thereby enhancing the on-site safety level.

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    Exploration and application of intelligent emergency plan
    MENG Fanhua
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (S1): 252-255.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.S1.0038
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    In order to solve the problems of slow response speed and lack of scientific decision-making existing in the traditional emergency plan, emerging information technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and cloud computing were used, and an intelligent emergency plan was constructed. The specific application strategies in different fields, such as natural disasters, public health events, and safety production accidents, were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the construction of an intelligent emergency plan can monitor the relevant information of emergencies in real time, accurately evaluate the development trend of events through data analysis and model prediction technology, and automatically generate optimized emergency response strategies by using real-time information collection and automatic analysis, which has stronger dynamic adaptability and scientificity. The intelligent emergency plan realizes the intelligent allocation and collaborative command of emergency resources, overcomes the static nature and limitations of the traditional emergency plan, and constructs an emergency management scheme with the ability of intelligent perception, analysis, decision-making, and execution.

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    Study on human body injury mechanism based on principle of biological energy system
    GUO Hanjun, MA Qiuju, KANG Rongxue
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (6): 1-9.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.06.0121
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    In order to enhance safety in production, a human injury mechanism of operation was studied based on the principles of human BES. A safety model for human factors in operations was integrated from biological energy and the functional capabilities of biological tissues. The energies interacting with the human body were categorized into four types: the ingested energy, the activity energy, the substance energy in production and the energy from surrounding. The way they influenced the operation safety was analyzed. Based on injury consequence state, the characterization function of human injury degree was constructed, and mechanism of human injury under the action of substance energy was revealed. It shows that the abnormality of substances and energies in production operation produces overaction in the human body and leads to the blockage or imbalance of biological energy activities, which results in biological tissue damage and loss of function. This is the root cause of human injury. The substances and energies which interact with the human body come from external surroundings and internal (e.g. the body's biological energy). All the root causes of occupational health injury and production safety injury can be traced to energy interactions. That helps us to form a unified mechanism of human injury theoretically.

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    S3DA2 framework for emergency command system and key technologies of emergency digital twin battlefield
    CHEN Tao, ZHANG Hui, HUANG Lida, TIAN Ranran, YAN Xiaoli
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (10): 205-212.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.10.1646
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    To remedy the fragmented command tiers, a weak data-to-decision link and poor dynamic adaptability, which have long limited the effectiveness of China's emergency-response system, an integrated framework based on digital-twin technology was investigated. A generic four-tier, five-step model—comprising an emergency-command center, on-site command post, rescue teams and individual rescuers, together with the steps Sense, Simulate, Strategize, Decide and Act—was established and extended to the S3DA2 framework. A cost-minimization formula for optimal decision making was derived. Building on this framework, an emergency digital-twin battlefield technology system was established, encompassing multi-source data fusion, twin modelling, fluid-solid-coupled/artificial intelligence hybrid simulation and multi-objective decision optimization. A fluid-solid coupling, multi-agent rescue simulator was developed and validated with the 2024 Tuanzhou Dyke breach on Dongting Lake, enabling a real-time closed loop between the physical scene and its virtual replica. Results show that breach-width predictions deviate by less than 10%, total sealing time is reduced from 82 h to 52 h, and the estimated rock-fill demand of 5.9 × 104 m3 matches field measurements.

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    Operational risks of large manned eVTOL for tourism in mountainous scenic areas
    LI Jiayin, TAN Deqiang, QIAN Yiyi
    China Safety Science Journal    2025, 35 (S1): 210-216.   DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.S1.0032
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    To enhance the operational safety of large manned eVTOL aircraft in low-altitude tourism scenarios in mountainous scenic areas, this study used Gupo Mountain in Hezhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as the operational context and the EHang EH216-S unmanned aerial vehicle as an example. Based on risk management theory and the specific conditions of this aircraft, the study identified and analyzed its operational risks. First, through literature review and analogical reasoning, the operational risks of the eVTOL aircraft were identified from four aspects: human factors, equipment factors, environmental factors, and management factors. Then, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process were integrated into the BN model to conduct risk assessment. Finally, the posterior probabilities of accident causation were calculated using the BN model. The results indicate that, in the event of a control failure, navigation failure is the primary cause, with an occurrence probability of 79.41%. A fault in the command and control link is the main reason for navigation failure, with a probability of 97.02%. The application of multiple-channel encryption technology and complex high-speed frequency hopping techniques, along with a data link interference prediction model and anti-jamming communication strategies, can reduce the operational risks associated with eVTOL.

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