China Safety Science Journal

Discussion on legal liability of third party causing passenger casualties

PEI Ruijiang, ZHOU Ping, CHEN Ziding, YIN Panpan

2019, 29(S1): 1-4. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.001

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During the period of railway transportation, the liability determination of the passenger injury cases caused by the third party becomes the focus of dispute. The types of passenger damages caused by the third party's liability was discussed firstly. Then, according to the constitutive requirements of liability for breach of contract and liability for tort in ″contract law″ and ″tort liability law″, by analyzing the causes of passenger damage, the subject of the third party's liability was clarified in combination with the provisions of relevant laws. The law applicability of joint liability for tort undertaken by railway enterprises, supplementary liability for compensation, prepayment obligation, security obligation and other aspects were also analyzed, and the responsibilities of all parties were clarified to promote the legal and reasonable handling of passenger injury cases, the establishment of a good railway passenger transport order, and the social harmony and stability. The research results show that: passengers can ask railway companies for undertaking the liability for breach of contract, and ask the third party to undertake tort liability. Only when the third party is not clear or without ability to pay compensation, will the railway company assume supplementary liability. After the railway pays compensation in advance, the third party can be pursued. In order to make up for the loss of railway company caused by law gaps, the insufficient part of compensation can be solved by insurance.

Discussion of application of safety economics in railway operation and production

CHENG Xi

2019, 29(S1): 5-10. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.002

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In order to enhance the operability of railway safety investment and secure the lifeline of railway safety, the application of safety economics in the railway transportation and production was discussed in this paper. By introducing the concept of railway safety operation and the related functions of safety economics, the methods of evaluating the overall performance of safety system were discussed. The quantification of the railway accident losses, the calculation of the safety investment benefits and safety operation costs, and the decisions made by the results of safety economics were discussed. The abstract concepts and mathematical formulas of safety economics were materialized to facilitate the railway enterprises to put the safety economics into the railway transportation and production andimprove the construction of transportation safety production system.Theresults show that if the safety production system of railway can be constructed according to the theory of safety economics, the economic benefits of transportation production of railway enterprises can be improved, and the rationality of investment in railway operation safety can be maximized.

Research on health management system for railway workers

KONG Bo, ZHAO Gang

2019, 29(S1): 11-15. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.003

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In order to strengthen the management of chronic diseases among railway workers, a health management system for railway workers is established by using HER system and WEB technology. Through eight subsystems, the whole process of information-based health management can be realized, such as health examination, health propaganda, health maintenance and key personnel screening. According to the technical requirements of key population screening management, the key personnel with health risks was screened out by the system, and special health management for chronic diseases was carried out to provide ″one-to-one″ health maintenance. The results show that the system can provide a reliable basis for the health maintenance activities of key personnel by using the risk management of railway workers' health early warning.

Research and realization of redundant control method of locomotive control and monitoring system

LI Zhe, CAI Zhiwei, ZHANG Lyu, ZHOU Qingqiang, LI Xin, ZHANG Bing

2019, 29(S1): 16-19. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.004

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In order tosolve the problem that redundant change of locomotive control system leads to a missing condition appeared on the non-operational monitor, the control method of the whole redundant change combining with the part redundant change was proposed. Main computer, and power panel of auxiliary microcomputer, CAN board and HDLC board was tested to find whetherthey were in fault condition. If they were,it would enter the whole redundant change and changemain computer into auxiliary computer. If they were not, it would enter the part redundant change and change the fault board into the corresponding board of another system. Gapless and accurate redundant change was ensured.In terms of software, the strict judging conditions of redundant change were proposed in accordance with digital input or output board, analog input board and frequency input board. In terms of hardware, both master control system and auxiliary control system were judged to find whether either of them is online.

A neural network model for real-time prediction of high-speed railway delays

HUANG Ping, WEN Chao, LI Zhongcan, YANG Yuxiang, PENG Qiyuan

2019, 29(S1): 20-26. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.005

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Accurately forecasting train delays has great significance for improving the real-time dispatching ability and the quality of transport service. By using the train operation records of Wuhan-Guangzhou HSR, a deep learning model based on RNN was established to predict train delays. In this model, the trains were fed into RNN according to their operating orders to use the feed-back mechanism of RNN to capture train interaction. The model performance was evaluated based on mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) metrics. The results demonstrate that deep learning model proposed in this paper distinctly outperform other models widely used delay prediction, including Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Regression, and Markov Model.

Influence of polygonal wheel on safety of Subwayin curve with small radius

ZHANG Moyan, XIAO Hong, ZHAO Yue

2019, 29(S1): 27-31. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.006

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The polygonal wheel is one of the common diseases of train wheels, which threatens the safety of train operation. In order to improve the safety of the subway in the area of curve with small radius,the influence of polygonal wheel in the curve with small radius on the safety of subway was studied.Firstly, based on multi-body dynamics simulation, the vehicle-rail multi-body dynamics model was established. Then,derailment coefficient and rate of wheel load reduction were used as evaluation indexes to analyze train operation safety under the effect of different wave depth and amplitude.And the wave depth safety lines corresponding to wheel polygons of each order were proposed. The results show that with the increase of wave depth, the safety index of subway linearly increases.With the increase of order, the safety index of train increases at first and then decreases. When the order of wheel polygons is 6, the safety index of wheel reaches the maximum.

An intrusion detection method of data tampering attack in train control system based on KF

ZHANG Wei, BU Bing, WANG Hongwei

2019, 29(S1): 32-37. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.007

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In order to improve the cyber security protection level of communication-based train control system of urban rail transit train, and effectively detect the potential data tampering attacks suffered by train control system, firstly, the analysis was based on operating principle and the information interaction characteristics of the train control system. And mathematical model of the train tracking operation processes and the attackers' tampering with the train uplink and downlink information was established. Then, the trains' state estimation method and intrusion detection method based on KF and chi-square detector was proposed. At the same time, by improving the Chi-square detector, data tampering attacks could be detected and continuously alarms were output during the attack. Finally, through the semi-physical simulation platform of the laboratory, the simulation was conducted and results were verified. The results show that the intrusion detection method can attack the attackers' data tampering and give a real-time alarm, and the method has an accuracy of more than 95% and a false alarm rate of less than 6%.

Numerical simulation of collapse mechanism of large-section tunnel in inclined layered rocks

LIU Lisheng, SUN Xingliang, HAO Jinjing

2019, 29(S1): 38-43. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.008

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Collapse is the main safety accident during the course of tunnel construction. It is very meaningful for ensuring the construction safety to study the collapse mechanism of tunnel. Taking the collapse of a tunnel crossing inclined rock layers as the engineering background, the methods of numerical simulation and field monitoring were used to investigate the collapse mechanism of tunnel on the basis of the engineering mechanical properties of surrounding rock. The research results show that under the action of excavation blasting vibrating load, over break is very easy to be seen at the left side of tunnel crown, and the plastic zone at the left arch waist is much bigger than the right side, which leads to the tensile stress in the left arch waist. And surrounding rock pressure is much bigger than the right side, which leads to asymmetric loads of supporting structure and the fractures at the inner side of shotcrete layer. With the enlargement of disturbed zone of tunnel, the surrounding rock pressure increases gradually, and the tunnel deformation icreases quickly, and the loss of stableness of surrounding rock eventually leads to the tunnel collapse.

Fire risk factors analysis of large railway passenger station based on fault tree analysis

WANG Yan, YIN Panpan, SHEN Menglu

2019, 29(S1): 44-47. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.009

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In order to safeguard the safety of railway operation and improve the organization efficiency of railway transportation, the large railway passenger stations were taken as the research objects. According to the various factors influencing the safety of railway passenger stations and the related characteristics of fire accidents, the fault tree model was chosen to analyze the fire accident of large railway passenger stations. Relevant rules were used to determine the minimum cut set and the importance of basic events was analyzed qualitatively by selecting the structure importance degree. The results show that the failure of automatic alarm system and fire system are the key factors affecting fire accidents at large railway passenger stations. The routine work of passenger stations must start with preventive control measures, identify and eliminate potential security problems in railway passenger stations in order to provide better safety support for travel of passengers.

Prospect of application of BDS in railway safety

LIU Zhe, WANG Jiujian, XIA Changlin, LIU Houmao, LIU Haijiang, JI Yanpeng

2019, 29(S1): 48-51. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.010

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In order to improve the technical level and safety of the location service of China railway system, firstly, the BDS was introduced in detail which is a space infrastructure developed independently by China. Then, the advantages of BDS over other countries' navigation satellite systems were summarized by analyzing the comparison. Next, the current situation and prospect of the application of BDS in railway safety were analyzed. Finally, Based on the current situation of the application of BDS in the railway transportation, the problems and solutions in the application of BDS were analyzed. The results of the research show that BDS system has a broad application prospect in the field of railway safety, which can comprehensively improve the safety and reliability of railway basic support systems.

Mission profiles-based lifetime prediction for IGBT modules in traction inverter application

LIN Shuai, FANG Xiaochun, LIN Fei, YANG Zhongping

2019, 29(S1): 52-57. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.011

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To improve reliability of traction converter and save cost, the mission profiles-based lifetime prediction was performed on the IGBT modules, the key component in traction system. Firstly, the electro-thermal model was built and the junction temperature of IGBT was obtained under two different full-speed range control schemes of induction motor (IM), which based on current open loop and single current close loop flux weakening control respectively. Then, the rain-flow counting method was adopted to extract the junction temperature information (including the fluctuation and maximum of junction temperature) of thermal cycles that IGBT suffered from. Finally, the Miner linear accumulation damage theory was employed to calculate the damage of IGBT caused by each thermal cycle, and the lifetimes of IGBT were predicted under two different control schemes. The simulation results show that the full-speed range control scheme based on single current close loop flux weakening control can effectively improve the lifetime of IGBT and thus improve the reliability of traction system.

Research on design of high-speed railway safety protection system

WANG Jiangli, WANG Jun, JIANG Shuai

2019, 29(S1): 58-62. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.012

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In order to prevent the external risks of high-speed railways and ensure the safety and smoothness of railways, high-speed railway safety protection system was designed and developed.The system, based on the B/S multi-layer application mode, was designed by using Web service and database. Taking the electronic map function as the main display means, the system owned comprehensive functions, including browsing, statistics and analysis, which can cover the information of geography, equipment facilities and public security status along the high-speed railway. By making sharing standards of multi-data source, multi-scale and multi-temporal image data, data resources were managed intensively and shared effectively, and quantifiable reference was provided for the construction of security systems along the line.The results show that the system has innovated the means of high-speed railway safety supervision and it can improve the safety protection level of high-speed railways.

Primary exploration on safety of railway locomotive axle-box bearings

ZHOU Jianbin, HUANG Wenyong, LIANG Zheng, XIE Jinling

2019, 29(S1): 63-68. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.013

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In order to ensure the safe operation of the railway locomotive and reduce the potential safety hazards of locomotive bogie axle-box bearings, some long-term and inertiaquality problems of bogie axle-box bearings are listedatfirst, based on the analysis of failureforms of axle-box bearings. Secondly, the contentsaboutthe design, manufacturing verification, installation, andthe operation maintenance of locomotive bogie axle-box bearings were discussed. Then, the various factors and possible reasons caused by the quality problems of axle-box bearings that endangered the safety of locomotives were analyzed. Finally, the rationalization suggestions for the application reliability of the locomotive bogie axle-box bearings were proposed. The results show that using this method comprehensively is beneficial to reduce the failure rate greatly of the axle-box bearings for railway locomotive and improve the safety and reliability of railway locomotive operation.

Comparative analysis on construction schemes crossing existing railway portal pier

LEI Tao, HAO Jinjing

2019, 29(S1): 69-73. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.014

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In order to satisfy the construction of high-speed railway crossing existing lines safely, the optimal crossing scheme was selected to provide construction reference or technical support for similar projects in the future. First of all, by taking the portal pier of a super-large bridge crossing the existing railway as the analysis object, D-beam and Bailey-beam were adopted respectively for construction. Then, to obtain the optimal scheme, the traffic safety of the existing railway, the site construction risks, the construction period, the cost of crossing the existing railway construction and other aspects of two schemes were comparatively analyzed. The results show that D-beam has certain advantages over Bailey-beam scheme in operability of construction and other aspects. D-beam scheme should be adopted on the high-speed railway construction crossing existing lines, which is more conducive to site construction and achieve safety control of existing lines.

Research on gaugesafety of overhead contact line equipment

WANG Zhigang, MA Jinxin, LIU Guijun

2019, 29(S1): 74-80. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.015

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In order to standardize the management of the OHE gauge and ensure its safety, the meaning of OHE gauge, security risks and recent OHE intrusion accidents were analyzed according to the problems of power supply safety and railway transportation order threatened seriously by OHE intrusion accident. The shortcomings in the understanding and the problems existing in management were pointed out, and corresponding suggestions were given. The results show that the problems of OHE gauge are the majority of OHE accidents and the invasion of foreign objects is the main cause. The OHE gauge is not defined in various regulations and standards. There are some limitations in understanding the mast gauge as OHE gauge, while bringing the factors related to the gauge, such as the mast gauge, the height of contact wire, the stagger, the insulation gap and so on, into the scope of OHE gauge is beneficial to the unified management.

Study on safety evaluation of CTCS-3 level train control system based on IEC62425

WANG Yang

2019, 29(S1): 81-87. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.016

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In order to improve the security and reliability of high speed railway signal system, according to the safety assessment technology and method recommended by IEC62425 standard, the security requirement and index were studied, which is suitable for CTCS-3 train control system and includes system security risk matrix, distribution of safety risk acceptance criteria, safety requirements and safety related applications conditions, etc. The stages of CTCS-3 train control system in the whole life cycle were divided, and the applicable safety assessment technology, safety assessment work flow and key activities in each stage of life cycle assessment were discussed. The research shows that the security evaluation system of ctcs-3 train control system, which meets the requirements of IEC62425 standard, can effectively identify the weak links of system operation function, interface function and data transmission, and create favorable conditions for the security implementation of system functions.

Study on failure mechanism of arrester on roof of high-speed electric multiple units under high-order harmonics

LI Tiance, SUN Jixing, WU Mingli, YANG Shaobing, SONG Kejian, LI Jin

2019, 29(S1): 88-93. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.017

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In order to prevent the arrester on the roof of high-speed electric multiple units from breaking down under the high-order harmonics voltage and endanger the operation of Railways, the failure mechanism was investigated through experiments. Firstly, high-frequency voltage withstand test for on-board arrester was conducted. Secondly, the effect rules of voltage harmonics on the magnitude and phase angle of the leakage current of arrester were studied. Finally, based on Matlab/Simulink and experimental data, a high-frequency equivalent circuit model of arrester was established, which provides theoretical basis for the follow-up research. The measured data show that under the harmonics voltage for 7-16 times, the magnitude of leakage current increases linearly and the phase angle decreases, the proportion of resistive current to capacitive current increases, active power generated by lightning arresters rises up significantly with increasing frequency of harmonics. Arrester produces enormous amounts of thermal energy inside in a short time due to high frequency harmonics, and will break down once accumulated heat reaches the heat-resistant limit. Therefore, such accidents can be avoided by improving power quality.

Task model and optimization of metro dispatcher for fully automatic operation

WANG Xindong, YAN Fei

2019, 29(S1): 94-100. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.018

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In order to solve problems,such as the increasing content of dispatcher's work, uneven distribution of work resources and low efficiency, brought by the function upgrade of train control system. Firstly, taking Yanfang Line of Beijing Metro as an example, the existing work content of train dispatching was analyzed, and the work process of dispatching command was abstracted into a typical process of information, and the task model of train dispatching was established. Then, 24 kinds of scheduling tasks were grouped into 9 general human cognitive activities, and the changes of staff responsibilities under different train operation automation levels were analyzed. Finally, the cognitive activities of dispatchers in different scenarios were analyzed by using multi-resource model, and the rule tables about concurrent operations and priority operations of dispatchers were established. The research shows that the operation task rule tables establish a detailed work guidance sequence for Metro dispatchers, and expounds the inherent differences and links between dispatchers' work.

Analysis of influencing factors under prediction of railway accident duration

FAN Menglin, ZHENG Wei

2019, 29(S1): 101-106. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.019

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In order to improve the predictive ability of the railway accident duration and the instruction level of railway traffic dispatching, the 2006-2015 China Railway Accident Report data was selected as the research object. Firstly, the FL-BiGRU classification model was used to classify the direct causes into 7 different categories according to the characteristics of the accident duration. Next, the Maximal information coefficient of statistical methods was used to make a correction analysis of the long-term indicators and select the first eight significant factors related to the duration as predictors. Finally, five machine learning algorithms were used to establish the accident duration prediction model to verify the rationality of using the correlation analysis to filter the factor set. The results show that the accuracy of the FL-BiGRU classification model reaches 94%, and the prediction index system constructed by the maximum information coefficient can significantly improve the accuracy of the prediction model. The prediction accuracy of the CHAID model, which can reach 79%, is better than other models. The CHAID model can be used to assist the dispatching work in practical work.

Influence of tunnel settlement on mechanical properties of metro vehicle-track system

ZHAO Wenqiang, GAO Liang, XIAO Hong, ZHONG Yanglong, HOU Bowen

2019, 29(S1): 107-113. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.020

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In order to evaluate the influence of tunnel settlement on the mechanical properties of vehicle-track system, a vehicle-track-foundation dynamic coupling model was established based on the finite element (FE) method and vehicle-track coupling dynamic theory. A metro line in Beijing was taken as an example.The static and dynamic characteristics of the whole system under settlements were analyzed.The calculation results show that the upper irregularity amplitude is basically same with the settlement amplitude. There is a risk of tensile fracture for track bed at the border of settlement area.When the vehicle got into the settlement area, the vertical wheel-rail force appeared an impact-load reduction-steady-impact phenomenon due to the 1st derivative characteristic of settlement curve.With the increase of settlement, the vehicle dynamic index increases linearly.Whenthe settlement amplitude increases from 5 mm to 20 mm, the peak value of car body acceleration will increase from 0.167 m/s² to 0.259 m/s², which increases 50%.

Research on causation of railway accidents based on complex network theory

HUA Lingling, ZHENG Wei

2019, 29(S1): 114-119. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.021

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In order to determine the relationship between various factors leading to railway accidents, and prevent railway accidents,263 reports of Chinese railway accidents were collected. Based on the characteristics of these railway accidents, combined with the existing accident causal classification model and expert opinions, 43 influencing factors were identified from four aspects,including the act of man, mechanical equipment, environment and management. Based on the correlation coefficient of Pearson, the correlation between factors was analyzed, and the interrelationship between 268 kinds of influencing factors were established. A network of railway accident causation factors was established. The whole network structure was analyzed by using complex network indicators, such as degree and degree distribution, network diameter and average path length, clustering coefficient and betweenness centrality. And the key factors that need to prevent and control were determined. The results show that management factors and human factors are the most likely to cause railway accidents. At the same time, sub-factors such as illegal operation, communication failure, mechanical failure of components have great influence on railway safety operation.

Study on application safety technology standard system of railway freight equipment

SUN Xiaoyun, ZHANG Tao, YANG Hongquan, LEI Yinliang, ZHAN Jing, WANG Lei

2019, 29(S1): 120-125. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.022

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In order to improve the application safety technology standard system of railway freight equipment, the structure, current condition and development of the application safety technology standard system of railway freight equipment was elaborated firstly based on two sides, technical regulations and national(industrial) standard. Then the paper exposed the practical application, execution and innovation was introduced from 4 aspects of technology, including the safety of cargo loading and reinforcement,anti-loose, anti-separation and anti-theft measures of suspension components under the car body, transfer operation safety, passive safety, fire prevention, environmental protection and energy saving respectively. The gap between the existing standard system and practical advanced technology, and the problems of technological development restricted by standard system were analyzed. Finally, the outlook was proposed from following aspects:updating industrial technical regulations, detailing technical regulations and standard clauses, innovating safety technology of shunting operation, and updating standard parts and general-purpose parts. The results show that the application safety standard system of railway freight equipment basically meets the application requirements. With the development of practical technology, the standard system should be updated in time and mutually promoted, so as to increase the role of the standard system in guidance and orderly supervision.

Research on interlayer relationship between asphalt concrete layer and support layer under ballastless track

LYU Song, XIAO Hong, CAI Degou

2019, 29(S1): 126-133. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.023

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In order to study the interlayer relationship and failure process between the full-section asphalt concrete layer and the support layer of ballastless track under temperature load, a numerical model is established for analysis. The surface-based CZM was used to describe the interlayer relationship between asphalt concrete layer and support layer. The interactions of different temperature and different support layer lengths were analyzed. Then, the interlayer damage of asphalt concrete layerand support layerwas analyzed throughout the process by choosing the most unfavorable working condition. The results show that the shear stress between the asphalt concrete layer and the support layer is the largest at the end and gradually decreases inward.The interlayer shear stress is the largest under the condition of low temperature and cooling, which is the most unfavorable condition.The increase of the length of support layer increases the interlayer shear stress and the possibility of interlayer damage. The interlayer damage of the asphalt concrete layer and the support layer starts from the position at the end of the plate, and the damage range gradually expands inward as the temperature decreases.

Study on construction of high-speed railway safety auto-control teams based on post grade management

DOU Guoming

2019, 29(S1): 134-137. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.024

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In order to improve the overall work performance of high-speed rail teams, change the management of high-speed rail teams from passive management to autonomous management, and ensure the safe and efficient operation of high-speed rail, the management of the class post grade was taken as the implementation method. The final scores of the group, formed through “three examinations”, determined the different post grade of the group, and different grades enjoyed different treatment. Through the two-way incentive strategy of salary and honor, a joint force of the team was formed, and the team consciousness was improved continually, so as to form a self-control group with self-management and self-control. The results show that the formation of self-control teams ensures that the high-speed railway teams can accomplish all tasks with high quality and efficiency under the premise of safe production, and establish a good brand image of high-speed rail, which can provide a beneficial reference for other teams management.

Research on strengthening safety management of special purpose railway operation

WANG Shiheng, WANG Wanyu

2019, 29(S1): 138-144. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.025

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With the gradual deepening of the railway industry reform and the continuous advancement of the “road to rail transport” policy, the volume of special purpose railways freight has continued to climb, but the difficulties the special railway freight is facing has been obvious. How to strengthen the safety management of special purpose railways operation is very important in the new situation. By combining with the state laws, regulations construction and the special purpose railways operation, the responsibilities of government social institutions, transportation enterprises, and property investment units in the safety management of special purpose railways operations were analyzed, and the factors affecting the safety management of special purpose railways operations were summarized. By using the AHP, an evaluation system of influencing factors was established and based on the system. Based on these prioritized class of sequence, safety management system of the special purpose railway operation was reconstructed, and the suggestion measures to guarantee the safety management of special purpose railways operation were proposed. The research results provide a basis for strengthening the safety management of special purpose railway operation.

Research on prevention of railway safety and terrorist risks

YANG Xinhe, QU Daoyuan

2019, 29(S1): 145-149. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.026

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In order to ensure a smooth railway operation and maintain social stability and national security, it is necessary to research on the prevention of railway safety and terrorist risks.Firstly, the reasons why the railway was vulnerable to terrorist attacks and the common characteristics of the railway terrorist attacks were analyzed and summarized.Secondly, the analysis was made on the types of the terrorism forces which China is facing at the present and the safety risks caused by these forces to China's railways. At last, the problems existing in the counter-terrorism work of the railway safety and corresponding solving measures are expounded.The research results show that, in terms of personnel prevention, it is necessary to improve the training mechanism of railway anti-terrorism teams, and establish a road-ground joint logistics linkage mechanism and an emergency response mechanism. In terms of infrastructure prevention, it is necessary to improve the ″material prevention″ standard system, equipment use and maintenance standards and establish ″material prevention″ supply access standards. In terms of scientific and technological prevention, it is necessary to establish and improve the intelligence system, information safety standard system, video monitoring system and safety inspection system.To strengthen the construction of the anti-terrorism legal system, the establishment of the front three systems needs to be guaranteed by the legal system.

Safety assessment and risk control of high-speed trains passenger transportation

WU Chunlan, SONG Yuxin, LI Chen

2019, 29(S1): 150-157. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.027

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In order to systematically promote and guarantee the safety of high-speed trains, based on the safety accidents of high-speed trains, the safety risk index system of high-speed trains is obtained by using fault tree analysis and transformed into Bayesian network. Combining with the fuzzy processing method of cloud model, the qualitative natural evaluation language of experts on each station evaluation index was transformed into corresponding fuzzy numbers and the traditional TOPSIS model was improved. Considering subjective and objective weights comprehensively, the TOPSIS model with optimal combination weights was obtained, and the safety of high-speed railway trains was evaluated accordingly. Based on trapezoidal fuzzy number and Buckley method, the relative prior probability of network nodes was calibrated, and the relative posterior probability of each node was calculated by Netica software when the accident occurred. By comparing the data before and after the analysis, the results show that the main safety risk of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway train in the section from Beijing south to Jinan West was fire and explosion. By analyzing the main potential risk sources and proposing the control measures, the safety control of high-speed railway train can come true.

Discussion of constructing railway engineering quality supervision and evaluation system

MENG Chao, ZHANG Yanchun, DAI Lusheng, LIU Changjun, LUO Wuzan, YIN Zhongtao

2019, 29(S1): 158-162. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.028

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To unify the content of the Railway Construction Engineering Quality Supervision (RCEQS) and achieve the standardization and intellectualization of quality supervision and the quantification of quality evaluation, the feasibility of the establishment of the railway engineering quality supervision and evaluation system was analyzed based on combing the development process of RCEQS, knowing its current modes and deficiency. The ideas of constructing the system was then proposed, including the frame structure of quantitative evaluation system, the construction of the evaluation index system, the establishment of quantitative evaluation models and the development of intelligent surveillance system, etc. The results show that the establishment of quantitative evaluation system of RCEQS is feasible and able to improve the supervision efficiency, establish a standardized and efficient quality supervision and evaluation of RCEQS on the basis of scientific evaluation indexes and quantitative evaluation models, and by means of the intelligent supervision and inspection system.

Research on double-preventive model of railway operation safety risk and hidden danger

ZHANG Peng, YUAN Liangming

2019, 29(S1): 163-167. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.029

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Aiming at the problems that the concept of existing risk and hidden danger and the management interface are not clear for some units in railway operation management, the mutual relation between risk and hidden danger was discussed. And the control principle of risk and hidden danger in the safety management was further elaborated. Based on that, a double-preventive model of risk analysis and hidden danger screening and management was proposed, and a method to level the hidden danger was set up. An example of train’s derailment was used to demonstrate the application effect of the model. The research shows that the setting up of the double-preventive model can realize hidden danger classification based on risk analysis to provide basis for deciding what should be the emphasis of safety management and optimize the utility of resources.

Safety evaluation of initial support based on refined model

WU Yimin, CAI Zhiyan, FU Helin, XU Wenhao, DAI Lusheng, MA Zhe

2019, 29(S1): 168-172. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.030

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To evaluate the safety of the initial support structure of the tunnel more accurately, in consideration of the geometrical dimensions, material composition and mechanical parameters, a precise evaluation method is proposed. Firstly, the tunnel excavation profile was obtained by laser-point cloud technology, and then the precise geometric model of the initial support was established according to it. Then, considering the characteristics that the super-excavation part was filled with plain concrete, the initial support was divided into standard area consist of steel arch concrete and over-excavation area consist of plain concrete. ANSYS was used to establish a precise calculation model, and the allowable deformation amount and safety factor were calculated and analyzed. Combining with a certain railway tunnel, and considering the over-excavation and the use of the precise model to analyze, the results show that the allowable deformation of the actual initial support structure is greatly reduced compared with that without considering over-excavation. Some of the safety factors of different parts are increased and some are decreased. It is more scientific to carry out the safety control section-by-section in engineering practice.

Study on displacement control standard based on monitoring data of ganshen high-speed railway tunnel

CHEN Weigeng, FU Helin, YAN Shisheng, YE Xinyu, LU Xiangyong, LIU Changjun

2019, 29(S1): 173-179. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.031

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To monitor the tunnel primary support, relying on the Shimengang tunnel and the Songgangshan tunnel of the high-speed railway line from Ganzhou to Shenzhen, field monitoring on the displacement of primary support of the tunnel is carried out. Firstly, the monitoring data was classified and summarized according to the surrounding rock level, tunnel depth and construction method. And then, by taking the exponential, logarithm and hyperbolic functions to perform a trial calculation of the envelope regression analysis on the data, the function relation formula of primary support displacement and the distance from the excavation face was obtained, and the proportion of the primary support displacement and the limit displacement of each section of the tunnel was given. Finally, compared the statistical analysis results with the current high-speed railway tunnel specifications, the suggested values of primary support displacement control standard of each section of both tunnels were given. The results show that: the primary support displacement of Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ surrounding rock of both tunnels in the deep buried section is much shorter than the limit displacement specified by the current code. The primary support displacement control standard differs greatly from the specification. The primary support displacement of the tunnel tends to be stable after the distance from the excavation face exceeding 6 times the diameter.

A brief discussion on relationship between high-speed railway deformation monitoring and railway operation safety

YU Shengli, CHENG Liang, XIAO Chao, GAO Xicheng, WANG Baojiang, SONG Hao

2019, 29(S1): 180-185. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.032

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In order to set the content of the high-speed rail deformation monitoring, the influence data of the construction on high bridge pier iron was captured accurately. The influence of correlation change of each monitoring item on the overall data change trend of high-speed rail deformation monitoring was analyzed. The relationship between high-speed railway deformation monitoring and railway safety operation was studied. And the analysis was verified by cases. The results show that high-speed rail deformation monitoring can respond to the changes of railway structures on the data side. It can also provide the rectification basis for emergency, and provide risk pre-warning and trend judgment for the supervision of railway management departments. The construction of the large high-speed rail line can cause a certain amount of deformation to the high-speed rail bridge piers, even to the rail surface. The railway regulatory authorities can use the monitoring data to control the quality of the construction of the high-speed rail line better to avoid accidents that affect the safety of high-speed rail operations.

Analysis of tunnel lining vault void and methods of active monitoring and prevention

WU Yimin, SHAO Shuai, FU Helin, LIU Dunli, LIU Changjun, MA Zhe

2019, 29(S1): 186-191. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.033

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In order to avoid lining vault void endangering tunnel structure and driving safety, the causes of vault void were sorted out firstly, and the mechanical effects of lining vault void on tunnel structure were analyzed by using the method of numerical simulation. Secondly, a distributed pressure sensor based on the principle of contact pressure was developed, and a monitoring system was constructed which composed of sensors, extension lines, terminals, gateways and industrial computers. Then, the working flow, management level and sensor layout scheme of active monitoring for lining pouring were proposed. Finally, by checking the monitoring results with the ground penetrating radar in practical projects, the reliability of the monitoring system and method were verified, and the system was applied in multiple railway construction projects. The results show that the causes of lining void are complicated and varied. The vault void can significantly increase the stress and deformation of lining and affect the lining safety. The active monitoring method and system of lining pouring based on distributed compaction sensor can grasp whether the lining vault is compact in real time and avoid the formation of vault void.

Data-driven failure diagnosis approach of high-speed railway trains stopping in the neutral zone

LI Jianming

2019, 29(S1): 192-196. doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.S1.034

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Based on the distribution characteristics of neutral zones of tractive power supply system, a data-driven approach dealing with high speed trains' stopping in the neutral zone was proposed and the processing system was established, which can greatly improve the emergency efficiency and effectiveness of decision. The proposed approach can also mitigate the accident caused by the improper dealing methods that could cause the overhead line burn down. According to historical data, the problems dispatchers dealt with were combed, and the key factors, which affected the efficiency of emergency response and cause safety risks were analyzed. Therefore, based on the line data and the information of overhead contact line, visualization solution, including train control strategies, was shown to deal with the problem of stopping in the neutral zone. The results show that based on the proposed approach, the time dealing with trains' stopping in the neutral zone can be quartered, which can largely increase the emergency response efficiency.

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