中国安全科学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 81-86.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.09.014

• 安全工程技术科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于HFACS模型的化工事故致因分析

王晶, 樊运晓 教授, 高远   

  1. 中国地质大学(北京) 工程技术学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-10 修回日期:2018-08-02 出版日期:2018-09-28
  • 作者简介:王晶(1995—),女,山西朔州人,博士研究生,研究方向为事故分析与绩效管理。E-mail:w123_j123@163.com。

Analysis of causes of accidents in chemical industry based on HFACS model

WANG Jing, FAN Yunxiao, GAO Yuan   

  1. School of Engineering & Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2018-06-10 Revised:2018-08-02 Published:2018-09-28

摘要: 为探究我国化工企业安全管理应重点防范的问题,首先,基于化工事故特点,识别人因分析和分类系统(HFACS)中各致因类别在化工领域的具体表现形式;然后,完善HFACS模型,并以某化工企业2012—2016年的102起事故为样本,应用该模型分析事故致因,针对具体致因提出相应的控制与改善措施。结果表明:员工的不安全行为主要包括习惯性违规和技能型失误,其主要形式为未对设备/工艺进行风险评估;不安全行为的前提条件主要源于操作者注意力不集中、警惕性不强以及作业时未穿戴个人保护设备(PPE);不安全监管的主要形式为未进行监督和风险评估;组织影响主要形式为安全氛围未形成。

关键词: 化工事故, 人因分析和分类系统(HFACS), 事故致因, 个人保护设备(PPE), 不安全行为

Abstract: In order to reveal the vulnerability of safety management systems in Chinese chemical industry, firstly,based on the characteristics of chemical accidents,the specific manifestations of each cause category in HFACS were identified. Then ,HFACS model was supplemented,and an analysis of causes of accidents was made using the supplemented HFACS model on the basis of data on a certain chemical enterprise's 102 accidents occurred in 2012-2016. Finally, corresponding improvement and control measures were proposed to prevent chemical accidents in the future.The results show that the unsafe behavior of employees is mainly manifested in the routine violations and skill-based errors, and its main cause is lack of risk assessment for equipment or process, that the root causes of the operator's unsafe behavior are the poor concentration and vigilance of operator in adverse mental state factors, and without wearing PPE, that main forms of unsafe supervision are lack of providing both safety supervision and risk assessment,and that organizational influence factors are mainly manifested in lack of a safety climate.

Key words: chemical accidents, human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS), accident-cause, personal protective equipment(PPE), unsafe acts

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