基于火灾排烟的登陆舰车辆舱空气含氧量计算

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.01.022

中国安全科学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 132-137.doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.01.022

基于火灾排烟的登陆舰车辆舱空气含氧量计算

方敏¹ 讲师, 沈恒根² 教授, 陈红超³, 费华¹ 副教授

1 江西理工大学建筑与测绘工程学院,江西赣州 341000;
2 东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海 201620;
3 中国舰船研究设计中心,上海 200011

收稿日期:2018-10-24 修回日期:2018-12-07 出版日期:2019-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-23
作者简介:方敏 (1986—),男,江西抚州人,博士,讲师,主要从事环境空气品质控制、通风与除尘、工业安全与防护研究。E-mail:fm041430116@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助(51666004);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ180498)。

Calculation of oxygen concentration in vehicle hold on vehicle fire

FANG Min¹, SHEN Henggen², CHEN Hongchao³, FEI Hua¹

1 School of Architectural and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science & Technology, Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000, China;
2 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;
3 China Ship Research & Design Center, Shanghai 201620, China

Received:2018-10-24 Revised:2018-12-07 Online:2019-01-28 Published:2020-11-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为确定车辆舱发生火灾后环境空气含氧量的变化情况,首先分析车辆火灾的耗氧随时间的变化特性;然后考虑送风与排风温差影响,基于风量平衡、热量平衡及全面通风计算理论,建立车辆舱环境空气含氧量的非恒定污染源(耗氧源)的理论计算模型;结合某型登陆舰实况,采用该模型计算车辆舱在无通风、有通风条件下某时刻环境空气温度与含氧量。计算得到车辆舱不通风时,200 s 后氧气减小速度明显变快,587 s后停止明燃;通风时,240 s后舱室温度超过100℃,270 s后氧气浓度低于安全阈值。研究表明:该模型可通过获取火灾耗氧源强,计算得到车辆舱的环境空气温度、环境空气含氧量与通风量、时间的变化关系式,为车辆舱的人员逃生引导提供理论支撑。

关键词: 通风, 车辆舱, 含氧量, 火灾, 排烟

Abstract: In order to explore the oxygen concentrations variation in vehicle hold in the case of heavy-duty diesel fire, firstly the oxygen consumption was analyzed for each type of vehicle fire. And then, based on the thermal balance, mass flow balance, and general ventilation equation, a theoretical calculation model of oxygen concentration was built for an inconstant oxygen consumption source. Finally,the model was applied to a certain landing platform dock. The results show that without smoke emission, the oxygen concentration in the vehicle hold decreases slowly in the early stage of vehicle fire, that after 200 seconds, the oxygen concentration decreases severely, that after 587 seconds the fire ceases because the volume fraction of oxygen in the vehicle hold is less than 14%, that with smoke emission and ventilation, the temperature increases obviously after 120 seconds, the temperature inside the vehicle hold reaches 100 ℃ after 240 seconds, that after 120 seconds, the oxygen concentration in the vehicle hold starts to decrease rapidly, and the oxygen concentration is lower than the threshold for human working after 270 seconds, and that the model is an effective tool for analyzing the temperature and oxygen concentration, and giving technical support for the personnel evacuation in the case of vehicle fire.

Key words: ventilation, vehicle hold, oxygen concentration, vehicle fire, smoke emission

中图分类号:

X962

方敏, 沈恒根, 陈红超, 费华. 基于火灾排烟的登陆舰车辆舱空气含氧量计算[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(1): 132-137.

FANG Min, SHEN Henggen, CHEN Hongchao, FEI Hua. Calculation of oxygen concentration in vehicle hold on vehicle fire[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2019, 29(1): 132-137.

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基于火灾排烟的登陆舰车辆舱空气含氧量计算

Calculation of oxygen concentration in vehicle hold on vehicle fire

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