安全的定义探析

doi:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2019.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为给出更严谨的安全定义,通过结合经济学中人的有限理性基本假设,系统科学中的整体涌现性,以及认识论中的客观主义和建构主义2种哲学理论,从基本假设、系统论、认识论、限定条件等4个维度深入分析安全的属性和特性,提出新的安全定义:安全是“一定环境内,系统免受不可接受的风险的状态”;基于此,分析新安全定义的内涵和外延。研究表明:安全的本质是风险可接受,安全的研究内容是找到确定风险可接受的方法并制定符合我国国情的可接受风险标准。研究过程中要以系统为研究对象,并建立合适的有限理性模型,同时要考虑社会建构因素的影响。

关键词: 安全, 定义, 认识论, 系统科学, 可接受风险

Abstract: In order to give a more scientific definition of safety, combining the basic hypothesis of bounded rationality of human beings in economics, the whole emergence feature of the system science, and the objectivism and constructivism in epistemology, the attributes and characteristics of safety were thoroughly analyzed from four dimensions of basic hypothesis, system theory, epistemology and restrictive conditions. A new definition of safety was proposed: safety is a state in which a system is protected from unacceptable risks in a given context. Based on this, the connotation and extension of the new safety definition were analyzed. The results show that the essence of safety is risk acceptability, that the safety research is to find a method to determine the acceptable risk and establish acceptable risk criteria which conform to the national conditions of China, and that in the process of research, we should take the system as the research object, establish a suitable bounded rationality model, and takes into account the influence of social construction factors.

Key words: safety, concept, epistemology, system science, acceptable risk

中图分类号:

魏俊杰, 王戈, 刘明举. 安全的定义探析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2019, 29(6): 13-18.

WEI Junjie, WANG Ge, LIU Mingju. Study on concept of safety[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2019, 29(6): 13-18.

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